First aid for concussion

Craniocerebral trauma( CMT) even mild severity requires specialized medical care, since changes affecting neuronal connections can lead to serious complications.

Causes of concussion

Road accidents occupy one of the first places among the root causes of concussion, since there are two traumatic factors in an accident: sudden braking and acceleration. Both agents interacting have a damaging effect on the human skull, as a result of which the shock wave spreads through the brain structures and leads to a breakdown of the nervous tissue, gliotic changes at the cellular and molecular levels.

Another reason can be a fight, a fall from a height, injuries sports and received in production. After the impact, the pathogenesis remains the same as described above in an accident.

How to recognize the concussion in time?

For a mild-to-moderate TBI, which is a concussion of the brain, it is typical at the first time after a stroke to break consciousness in the form of confusion, or its loss. The duration of the unconscious state is usually not more than 5 minutes, which is different from the more serious damage to brain tissue. It is this stage that is dangerous, and requires first aid when the brain is shaken from third parties. If, after "coming to himself", the patient is unable to reproduce the moment of the injury, or does not remember how he was in this situation and where he is, - it is not necessary to panic. Amnesia for short-term and current events is a typical symptom of the disease. In this situation, you need to know how to behave with a concussion, so as not to frighten the victim, thereby complicating his condition.

The above symptoms are usually combined with one- or two-time vomiting( usually undigested food), as well as patient complaints of nausea and dizziness. For children of school and preschool age is characterized by vomiting in the first minutes after the impact of the head. Often there are also vegetative disorders:

• lability of heart rate( tachy- and bradycardia);
• increased sweating;
• tinnitus.

In addition, after the concussion, the consequences can be the following: the patient is usually disoriented, easily distracted, can not concentrate, perform routine activities, his speech may be disjointed and usually answers with questions with a delay.

Important! Actions with concussion of the brain should be provided at the first manifestations of the disease without delay to prevent complications.

How to give first aid in case of concussion

Although the concussion is related to an easy TBT, a person should be hospitalized soon after the damage is done to completely diagnose his condition and prevent serious consequences. Until qualified medical care can be provided, it is necessary to provide first aid to the patient, so everyone should know what to do with a concussion. Algorithm of actions in case of unconsciousness:

• lay the injured person on his side with bent legs and put his hand under his head( the surface must be firm);
• test the pupil's response to light, for which purpose to light the lanterns in both eyes( normally the pupils narrow when exposed to light);
• monitor breathing and pulse( on the vessels of the neck);
• does not change the position of the patient during the entire unconscious state.

Important! Do not forget about cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the event of cessation of cardiac activity or breathing.

After restoration of consciousness it is necessary to put the patient on his back on a firm and level surface, to ensure his rest in a well-ventilated and dark room.

The victim should explain what to do with a slight concussion. The patient is not allowed to perform fast active movements, watch TV or play in the phone or computer.

Important! Do not think about what kind of doctor to deal with concussion. At the first symptoms of TBI it is necessary to call an ambulance, which itself will send to the appropriate department.

If none of the people around you know what to do with a brain concussion, and how to prevent the consequences, you need to call an ambulance and ask them to give a consultation, describing in detail the condition of the victim.

Finally, it should be said that vigilant monitoring of the patient's condition and timely assistance are important components of a favorable outcome after a craniocerebral trauma.