Berlioz disease: causes, symptoms and treatment

Berlioza disease is an infectious disease that is spread by forest ixodid mites. Pathogens are spiral-shaped bacteria - Borrelia. Symptoms of this Lyme disease include fever, joint-and-muscle and headaches. A skin rash is a characteristic of the disease, migrating erythema. Sometimes the eyes are affected. The disease can lead to death or the acquisition of disability in the event of untimely assistance to the patient. Possible course of the disease in both acute and chronic variants. Treatment - antibiotic therapy. And the earlier antibiotics are treated, the better. Berlioz is a disease whose symptoms can develop gradually.

Causes of Berlioz's disease

Borrelia are spirally twisted gram-negative microorganisms that live in the body of mammals and birds. Thanks to Ixodes tick Berlioz bacteria with saliva parasites penetrate the human blood. This disease is common in the Northern Hemisphere. If the berry berlioza bites, the consequences of untimely treatment are irreversible.

There are three types of microorganisms that cause Lyme disease: B. burgdorferi, B. afzelii and B. garinii. The first of these is common in America. The last two are in Eurasia.

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Symptoms of

The incubation period of borreliosis is about a week, however it can take a month. First, the infection spreads through the body. At an early stage, bacteria cause a skin rash in the form of red rings on the skin and an increase in temperature. Symptoms of Berlioza:

1. Increased photosensitivity and pain in the eyes.
2. Appearance of spots in the form of red circles( erythema).
3. Feeling of fever and chills due to fever.
4. Pain in muscles and joints.
5. Nausea and weakness.

The first stage of the disease is the appearance of symptoms from the skin - on their surfaces appear red circles. At the same time, an intoxication syndrome is also possible, manifested in an increase in temperature, tenderness in the joints and muscles, and pain in the head. The first stage of borreliosis may be absent. Perhaps the course of the disease and without erythematous rash.

The first stage of the disease passes with the strongest intoxication, which sometimes leads to an increase in body temperature to 40 degrees. Also, nausea, vomiting, and muscle and joint pain are noted. At the site of a tick bite infested with borreliosis, reddening or a papule is formed around which the inflammatory reaction will intensify. This leads to the formation of a painful erythematous rash with smooth or wavy edges. Such formations last about several days, but more often 2-3 weeks. The damage will be covered with a crust, and then he will heal.

In the second stage of Lyme disease, pathogens spread throughout the body. This occurs approximately after the second week of infection. The second stage is characterized by the defeat of the heart and nervous system. Hard and soft shells are irritated, which leads to increased reflexes, increased photosensitivity and photophobia.

The patient feels nausea, pain in the eyes, stiff neck muscles. Skeletal muscle cramps are possible. From the solid meninges, the inflammation passes to the cranial nerves, in particular, the facial nerves. This leads to paralysis of the facial muscles, as well as a change in the sensitivity of the facial skin.

Endotoxins of bacteria of the genus Borrelia lead to inflammation of the heart membranes - endocardium, pericardium, myocardium. Arrhythmias are often observed. The combination of symptoms from the nervous and cardiovascular systems with erythema suggests that the person is infected with borreliosis.

The third stage is characterized by the primary lesion of the joints. Knee joints are more often affected. The defeat can be either one-sided or two-sided. Constant inflammatory processes in joints lead to their destruction, disability of patients.

Important! Untimely diagnosis and treatment lead to chronic diseases, and sometimes death.

Chronic form

Transition of the acute stage to chronic means the course of the disease with alternations of remissions and relapses. Long-term inflammation of the joints with Borreliosis leads to degenerative changes. It is also possible the development of osteoporosis. In soft tissues, in the thickness of the breast or earlobe, it is possible to form infiltrates, in which lymphocytes accumulated to fight chronic infection.

In the chronic form of Lyme disease acrodermatitis develops - skin inflammation manifested in the appearance of red-blue spots on the skin. Persistent persistence of infection in the body leads to prolonged endocarditis and severe disturbances of the heart rhythm. Disease can lead to death, if not applied on time treatment. Berlioz - a serious disease.

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Diagnosis and treatment of

A thorough examination and examination of the patient is necessary. With neurologic symptoms, MRI of the brain is done. In the second stage of the acute form of Lyme disease, an electrocardiologic examination and ultrasound of the heart are performed. Perform spinal puncture to study the composition of cerebrospinal fluid and evaluate its pressure. Material is taken to establish the nature of the pathogen.

The allergy to the bite of an uninfected mite differs from the reaction to the infection of borreliosis by the fact that it passes faster. The patient with suspected Lyme disease is taken blood from the vein for serological tests.

Therapy is conducted by an infectious disease doctor. Antibiotics are prescribed against Borrelia - Doxycycline. At the second stage of the disease, heart rhythm disturbances and neurological symptoms are also corrected. Antiarrhythmic drugs are prescribed to restore the heart. With rigidity of the occipital muscles, muscle relaxants are used( see Midokalm).

The bite of Berlioza mite leads to serious consequences. At a temperature, malfunctions in the heart and stiffness of the occipital muscles, it is necessary to urgently consult a doctor.