Hypertensive Disease of the 2nd degree

Hypertensive or hypertension is a chronic disease characterized by high blood pressure. This disease has a neurotic character, and it is directed to the vascular apparatus. The disease is of three types, but active therapy is already performed with hypertension of the 2nd degree.

Symptoms of

As a rule, at the first stages of the development of the disease, there are no symptoms of the disease and it is only possible to detect the disease when the blood pressure rises during the measurement. This is the first stage of the disease. In this period there are headaches, nervous excitability and reduced ability to work. High blood pressure is not constant, and the stage of the disease is called transient, or transitory. During the study, a tendency to tachycardia, an intense pulse, a specialist can detect the strengthening of the apical impulse, the pulsation of the carotid arteries is pronounced.

In the second stage of hypertension, in addition to a persistent state of hypertension, it is possible to designate an increase in the apical impulse, measurement of the size of the heart to the left;While listening to the heart muscle, there is a tense pulse, an accent of the second tone over the aorta. At this stage of the disease, a sudden increase in pressure, the so-called hypertensive crisis( systolic pressure from 200 to 250 and above, diastolic - from 120 to 140 mm Hg and above) is characteristic. In this case, there are signs of acute circulatory disturbances in the coronary vessels or vessels of the brain. During the crisis people complain of sharp pain in the back of the head, dizziness, intolerable noise in the ears and head, in some cases there is a shiver in the whole body, nausea and vomiting.

If blood circulation in the cardiac vessels is disturbed, the patient experiences pain behind the sternum, which is given to the left shoulder and left arm. The skin is pale and damp, the pulse is intense.

Treatment of

In the second stage, the purpose of therapy is to eliminate the causes that cause an increase in the neurosis that caused hypertension. Patients should observe the regime of work and rest, night sleep should be adjusted. To this end, prescribe sedatives, for example, meprobamate, valerian, seduksen, motherwort, bromide salts, etc. Patients are advised to undergo sanatorium treatment.

In addition to the above measures, with 2 degrees of illness, it is necessary to take drugs that lower blood pressure. This is the so-called hypotensive therapy.

As a rule, preparations are used which are made from the bush Rauwolfia creeping. These drugs include: Rauvazan, Reserpine, Raucedil, Raunatin and others. The principle of the drug is based on the effect on the higher parts of the central nervous system, namely the subcortex and the cortex of the brain. In addition, in part the drug acts on the autonomic nervous system, on its peripheral parts and the vasomotor center. Drugs of this category, among other things, have a calming effect.

Dosage is determined by a specialist individually. In some cases, a large dose of the drug is needed - up to ten tablets of reserpine( 1 table contains 0.25 mg of the drug), but there is usually enough and a moderate dose of three tablets of reserpine. The course of therapy lasts a long time, it can last several months. Some complications in the form of diarrhea, swelling of the mucous membranes of the nose, depression are rare.

In addition, a large number of other drugs have been developed to treat hypertension, which have a different principle of action. For example, it can be ganglion blocking drugs that interrupt the excitation transition in the nerve nodes. Examples of such drugs are pentamine, benzohexonium. To this type of medication is guanetidine( ismelin, octadine, isobrine).However, it should be borne in mind that their use causes serious complications. Therefore, these drugs must be taken only in a hospital, under the supervision of a doctor. Also help to reduce the pressure can drugs that excrete sodium.

In general, an effective method of treatment is a combination of funds, for example, the joint intake of reserpine and hypothiazide.