Adenosis: causes, symptoms, varieties, diagnosis and treatment

Oncological diseases are among the most common. Among them, doctors distinguish breast cancer. However, as statistics show, more often than not women face not with breast cancer, but with benign tumors that successfully respond to timely detection. Adenosis of the breast is a benign tumor, which will be discussed in this article.

Adenosis is one of the forms of fibrocystic mastopathy with a predominance of glandular tissue. This disease is most often manifested in women aged 30-40 years, but sometimes it occurs in adolescent girls, as well as in women of childbearing age. In some women, adenosis occurs during the first weeks after conception.

The causes of adenosis of the breast

The only factor that causes dangerous changes in the breast tissue is a violation of the hormonal background. Hormonal failures in the body of a woman can occur for various reasons: due to diseases, due to dysfunctions of the endocrine system and the like. Very often, adenosis begins to appear after severe stress and negative emotional outbursts, as well as as a result of a decrease in the immune system.

Gynecologists advise not to pass preventive examinations to girls of any age. After all, due to a preventive examination, you can identify the disease and start treating it on time, thereby preventing serious consequences.

Symptoms of adenosis of the breast

With the development of adenosis in the mammary gland, pathological changes occur in the myoepithelium. Doctors distinguish several varieties of the disease, which determine the nature of the symptomatic picture. However, regardless of the stage and form of the disease, adenosis makes itself felt periodic, but frequent pain in the chest. Painful sensations intensify on the eve of menstruation. In addition to pain in the mammary gland, no other visible signs are observed. The size and shape of the nipple remain unchanged, there is also no discharge from the nipples.

If adenosis is of a tumor type, then a mobile node begins to form in the tissues of the mammary gland, which may consist of several lobules or have disk-shaped outlines. Most often, these formations do not give the girl any discomfort.

The formation in the mammary gland can be detected by palpation. When palpation palpation is felt for certain areas of the breast or in the entire breast. At the same time, the skin and the shape of the breast do not change at all in the place of compaction. Lymph nodes also remain normal.

Sometimes adenosis develops against another type of mastopathy. But this does not affect the overall picture of the disease.

Types of adenosis of the breast

Depending on the nature of the lesions, doctors distinguish such forms of the disease:

1. Apocrine adenosis is a form of a tumor that affects the configuration of the lobules of the breast.
2. Tubular adenosis - with this form of the disease in the mammary gland formed tubules of the same size. Pipes are formed a lot, so they are easy to detect.
3. Microglandular adenosis - in this form the fibrous tissue of the mammary gland is covered with small glands that have a rounded shape.
4. Adenomyoepithelial adenosis - very similar to the micro-glandular form of adenosis, however this type of disease is extremely rare.
5. Focal sclerosing adenosis - the tumor has several ducts, the inner surface of which is covered with a cylindrical epithelium. Protocols surround hyperplasma myoepithelium. With this form of disease, a clearly defined mobile compaction is formed.
   

Doctors distinguish the disease not only in the form of education, but also in the place of localization:

1. Local adenosis - with this form of disease, the tumor has a lobular structure. All the lobules are quite large and inside each of them there is a fibrous capsule. In the intervals between the lobes, myoepithelial cells of yellow color are clearly visible. With local adenosis neoplasm is located only in a certain area of ​​the breast.
2. Diffuse adenosis - with this form of disease, the tumor does not have a clear shape and boundaries. Neoplasms are unevenly distributed throughout the mammary gland. This localization of adenosis is dangerous because it can affect not only the breast tissue, but also the ducts of the breast, which can lead to the appearance of a papilloma there.

How is the diagnosis of adenosis of the breast

The doctor can suspect adenosis of the breast during palpation. If there is a suspicion of the presence of the disease, the girl is sent for ultrasound and mammography. These procedures can detect not only the focus of pathological cells, but also consider the shape and boundaries of the neoplasm.

Doctors often encounter this phenomenon, when adenosis proliferates and begins to contact the milk ducts. Because of this, the risk of developing a malignant tumor increases. In order to detect a malignant tumor in time and to treat it, doctors prescribe a number of histological, immunological and cytological studies to a woman.

Treatment of

The method of treatment directly depends on the stage at which the disease is located, as well as what form of adenosis. The earlier the disease is identified, the easier it is to cure it. In most cases, the doctor manages to find adenosis at the time of surgery, thus avoiding surgical intervention.

Surgical treatment is prescribed only with advanced forms of adenosis. With this type of treatment, the doctor excises the tumor. If there is a suspicion of the development of a malignant tumor, an excisional biopsy is performed for the histological examination of tumor tissues.

To treat a benign tumor, the patient is prescribed multivitamin complexes, combined oral contraceptives, hormonal drugs, diuretics, gestagens and adaptogenes. Sometimes doctors prefer homeopathic medicines.

Treatment of adenosis with folk remedies

For greater effectiveness, doctors advise combining basic treatment with traditional medicine methods. There are several treatment options:

1. Take the pulp of a ripe pumpkin and peel it from the peel and sunflower seeds. After this, attach the flesh to your breast for the whole night and wrap yourself in a warm scarf or cloth. The duration of treatment should be at least five days.
2. You can attach a cabbage leaf to the sore spot on your chest. It is necessary to take a fresh leaf of cabbage and grease it with butter. This compress is done all night. By the morning pain sensations should decrease. The course of treatment is one week.
3. Take 200 g of beet, rub it on a grater and warm the pulp slightly in a water bath. Then add to the beet two tablespoons of vinegar and mix. The resulting mixture must be applied to the breast for the whole night and wrapped in cellophane and a warm scarf. Duration of treatment - 8-10 procedures.

The above methods will not cure the underlying disease, however they perfectly eliminate pain symptoms.

Prevention of adenosis

The best prevention of the disease is the timely diagnosis of gynecological and endocrine diseases. It is also noted that adenomas suffer less often those women who had a successful first pregnancy, no abortions, no severe stress, breastfeeding the baby during the first six months after his birth.

Very useful exercise, in which the muscles of the chest are involved: push-ups, swimming and the like. An important role is played by proper nutrition. Doctors advise to use as little fatty, salty and smoked food as possible.