Features of the structure of the pancreas
digestion process is aA very complex mechanism in which the pancreas directly takes part. For convenient consideration, it was conditionally divided into several parts - the head, the body and the tail.
The main part of the body is the so-called head. It has an elongated shape and is represented in the form of an acute hook. Taurus is a separate part of the gland, which, with its appearance, resembles a polyhedron. And the tail part is slightly curved and can be pushed down or slightly raised upwards.
Topography and Anatomy
The weight of the pancreas does not exceed 100 grams. It has an elongated shape, the width of which is only 2 cm, and the length of 15 to 20 cm. In the region of the head there are seals, which can reach 8 cm in width.
It is surrounded on all sides by other organs, which gives it additional protection against mechanical influences( it almost never gets damaged when it strikes or falls).
The pancreas head "looks" at the duodenum and is in the loop it forms. The very body is located behind the stomach( hence the name of the organ), and the tail rests against the spleen.
Newborn iron children have about 11 thoracic vertebrae. With age, it descends and moves to the first or second lumbar vertebra.
Histology
Features of the structure of the pancreas in an adult is that it consists of a huge number of lobules that produce a secret that allows you to perform an external function.
Between which are tiny blood vessels, nerve endings and interlayers.
In its structure, iron has the so-called pancreatic islets of Langerhans, which are endocrine formations. They are involved in many processes occurring in the human body, including controlling the blood sugar level, thanks to the unique ability to produce hormones - insulin and glucagon.
In the caudal part there is a pancreatic duct that extends from the head itself. It is he who helps to move the secret from the endocrine part.
In rare cases, in an adult person, between the thin wall of the stomach and the pancreas, there are small, rounded formations that represent additional glands. However, they are not able to perform the same functions as the main body and have nothing to do with it.
Location in the human body
Peculiarities of the location of the pancreas is that it changes its location depending on the position of the human body. In the horizontal position, it is under the stomach, and in the vertical position - behind the stomach.
By palpation, it is not possible to determine the location of the pancreas in an adult. For this purpose, it is necessary to use computed tomography or ultrasound diagnosis.
The head of the organ is located on the right side of the second vertebra of the lumbar region. She seemed to be tied up with the duodenum. When the organ is visible, one can observe its diligence to the renal blood vessels. Immediately behind the head is the so-called isthmus, which connects the front part of the organ with the central body( the body).
It is small in size and located above the small intestine.
Taurus is at the level of the first lumbar vertebra, and its front part "looks" at the stomach. The back part covers the adrenal gland, the left kidney, the solar plexus and the lymph nodes. But the tail has an arc-shaped shape and rests against the spleen.
Functions and hormones
Features of the structure of the pancreas and make this body so important in the human body. It takes a direct part in the process of digestion, as it performs the external and internal secretory function.
This body produces pancreatic juice, which in its composition has a lot of enzymes that help neutralize acidity in the stomach. And produced hormones( insulin and glucagon) produce a control over the level of sugar in the blood.
It also produces lipocaine, which also plays an important role in the functionality of the body. It synthesizes phospholipids, which leads to the blocking of fat deposits in the liver and stimulation of oxidative processes.
Microscopic structure
Feature of the structure of this body are acinar cells. They produce a protein secret, which also participates in the digestion process.
They consist of several dozen epithelial cells, and between them are located plasma membranes. The cells are connected by ducts and secretory capillaries.
The pancreas, like any other organ, has a complex structure, the study of which requires a deeper immersion and special knowledge in anatomy. But we can definitely say that this organ plays an important role in the human body, and without it the existence of man would be impossible.
