What is an umbilical hernia in adult males?

The umbilical hernia in men: Causes, symptoms, treatment, diagnosis, surgery

Umbilical hernia in men - a pathology, in which the movable portion of the internal organs located within the abdominal cavity, out through the umbilical ring under the skin.

On the development of the disease is influenced by many triggers. These include intense exercise, weight lifting, some other reasons.

disease treatment should be timely and competent, but in such cases it is possible to avoid complications.

Types of disease and mechanism of development

navel hernia can be congenital and acquired character. In the presence of congenital defects, under the influence of provoking factors hole in the navel area gradually expands.

Intraabdominal pressure provokes protrusion parts omentum and small bowel through the umbilical ring.

As a result of various sizes are formed hernia characterized rounded or oval protrusion in the umbilical region.

Education is divided into several types:

1. Free hernia - forming a first stage of disease, it is easy to straighten the horizontal position of the body. This type of disease is characterized by extensive umbilical opening absence of adhesions.
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2. Nevpravimye - characterized by the growth of adhesions and the inability to straighten protrusion. This type of pathology disrupts the digestive system, often provokes vomiting, constipation, nausea and other diarrheal disorders.

In the absence of proper treatment, the disease progresses and can provoke serious disorders of the work of the gastrointestinal tract. There is also the risk of a life-threatening consequences - infringement of a hernia, which requires emergency surgery.

The causes of disease

The main cause of the disease is the attenuation in the umbilical ring and increased pressure within the abdominal cavity. By provoking illness factors include:

• overweight;
• sedentary lifestyle;
• intense load on the area of ​​the press;
• lifting weights, in which, according to the proverb, navel untied;
• surgeries in the abdominal cavity;
• digestive system diseases accompanied by frequent constipation, vomiting;
• prolonged cough with sore throat and bronchial tree diseases;
• pathologies in which accumulated fluid (ascites, oncology) in the peritoneal cavity.

An important role in the development of pathology plays a genetic predisposition. According to medical research, a large percentage of patients in the family had relatives suffering from umbilical hernia.

How does disease

The umbilical hernia in men is accompanied by the development of a number of unpleasant symptoms. At the initial stage of the disease symptoms are mild, swelling in the umbilicus shown at load on the abdominal muscles. With further development of the pathology in a patient following symptoms are observed:

• or dull nagging pain in the bulge, aggravated by movement and physical activity;
• disorders of the digestive system, belching, constipation, heartburn;
• nausea, vomiting.

symptoms infringement

One of the most dangerous complications is infringing parts of the internal organs. Its features include the following symptoms:

• sudden sharp pain, provoking complaints of pain;
• tissue edema and severe redness (flushing) of the skin at the umbilicus;
• an increase in the size of the hernia;
• flatulence, spasm of the muscles of the abdomen;
• fever, vomiting, hiccups obsession.

With the development of these symptoms consult doctor should be immediate. Infringement can provoke necrosis (death of) tissues of the internal organs due to lack of blood flow, which poses a threat to life.

A little about the diagnosis

Symptoms of an umbilical hernia in adult males visible to the naked eye. To confirm the diagnosis and determine the size of the hernia and the degree of internal organ using the following methods:

1. Ultrasound procedure.
2. Herniography - radiography, which uses a contrast, the solubility in water.

To eliminate possible causes that triggered the disease, you may need examination by a surgeon, gastroenterologist, nutritionist and other specialists.

Surgical treatment

Surgery is used in more education, when the hernia treated with conservative therapy does not give the desired effect. The indications for surgery is the risk of infringement.

Laparoscopy

Relatively safe type surgical treatment using a special video equipment and microinstruments walls to remove the hernial sac. The introduction of the implant to close the hernia hole through small punctures.

This type is considered the least traumatic and rarely causes complications. Laparoscopy is performed under local anesthesia, which significantly reduces the risk of side effects from the cardiovascular system.

The recovery period lasts for several days, no scars left after surgery.

Plastic prosthesis using

Plastic hernial ring using a mesh implant (exactly the same used in the plastic inguinal hernia) through a surgical incision gives good results, very rarely causes complications, eliminates the risk of the development relapse. rehabilitation period lasts 7-14 days. At this time, the patient should wear a bandage, avoid strenuous exercise.

Tension hernioplasty

Treatment is carried out using the patient's own tissues. The surgeon makes an incision, and the bodies that were released outside the anatomical area, reduce a into place, and hernial sutured seam strengthen dublication (double layer) the fascia of the abdominal muscles. The disadvantage is that the risk of relapse.

When it is possible to avoid surgery

Curing the disease without surgery is possible only in the case when the hernia is small size and there are serious contraindications to surgery. These are diseases of the cardiovascular system, diabetes (first and second type) of the decompensation, serious renal and hepatic impairment.

The methods of non-surgical treatments include wearing a special brace - pilot.

A non-surgical therapy is conducted in the early stages of disease detection. The prognosis for timely diagnosis of hernia favorable. At advanced stages require an operation.

prevention

Preventive measures help strengthen the abdominal muscles, reduce abdominal pressure. For methods of prevention include:

• gymnastics;
• exception of intense exercise and heavy lifting;
• weight loss, as much as possible without harm to the body;
• healthy eating;
• timely treatment of digestive diseases.

Performing simple rules to help cope with the disease at an early stage to prevent serious complications of umbilical hernia in the future.

A source: https://proods.org/pupochnaya/prichiny-metody-terapii-pupkovoj-gryzhi-u-muzhchin.html

Umbilical hernia: Symptoms and Treatment in Adults

Umbilical hernia is called abnormal protrusion of the abdominal cavity through the umbilical ring which may disappear or substantially decrease in size in the horizontal position of the body. This disease in adults occurs in 6-10% of the population and is more common in women than men.

First, umbilical hernia is small, disappears in a supine position, easily reduce a. But over time, the umbilical ring can be more expanded, hernia grow. Its content is the first oil seal, then the small intestine gets there. But time passes, and the person is not treated. Belly button ring is increased as it is not much. Then the time comes, and does not reduce a hernia already.

Treatment of umbilical hernia in adults is carried out only by surgery, regardless of symptoms. Modern methods of operating hernias can be divided into two ways - to set the mesh implant and stitching hernial ring.

These methods are practically not leave scars on body and the recovery period after surgery is 1 to 5 days. After the operation the patient can be assigned to a diet, restriction of physical activity in the long term.

Causes

Umbilical hernia occurs when a disturbed equilibrium between pressure and intraperitoneal ability abdominal wall to oppose it. In a simple sense, this means that a hernia may result in weaker abdominal muscles, if a person is lifting weights and much straining. In medicine, classified two categories of factors that lead to a hernia:

1. Predisposing. In this category are the factors related to the individual's constitution - such as heredity, certain body structure, age, gender. So, pregnant women develop a hernia is very likely due to the intra-abdominal pressure.
2. Producing. This category of factors contributes to increase intra-abdominal pressure. It is because of them and as a result there is a hernia - for example, when lifting the load, a strong cough, prolonged constipation and so on.

Thus, the umbilical hernia in adults - a phenomenon quite common, symptoms They have the characteristics of, and distinguish it from other types of hernias are usually not severely difficulties.

Symptoms of an umbilical hernia in adults

Umbilical hernia is always accompanied by visual symptoms, so notice the beginning of her appearance attentive to their health a person will not be difficult.

Small spherical protrusion of the navel can not immediately turn over your attention. And yet - this is the first sign of an umbilical hernia in adults. At rest, lying on his back, this swelling disappears, and when they cough, abdominal tension - bulges.

The first time, it is easy to reduce a degree place. But then begins the adhesion process, and reduction of a hernia in the abdominal cavity becomes impossible. Exhibit characteristic drawing pain in weight lifting or other physical exertion associated with stress the abdominal muscles. Similar symptoms are felt during bowel movements, especially in the case of constipation.

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If the hernia in adults reaches a fairly large size, which is no longer reduce a into the abdominal cavity, the symptoms are exacerbated: there are constipation, vomiting, impaired urination. This degrades the quality of life of the patient. In the absence of prompt treatment may develop life-threatening complications - infringement, threat of inflammation, tumor lesion development coprostasis.

What is necessary for the diagnosis?

Umbilical hernia - a disease whose treatment involved the surgeon. Patients coming from the characteristic symptoms, first surveyed the doctor examined the clinical manifestations of the disease. To confirm the diagnosis of a specialist is often assigns conduct some additional research.

To modern informative research methods include the following:

1. X-ray examination of the stomach and duodenum;
2. Gastroscopy - esophagogastroduodenoscopy, EGD;
3. Herniography introduction into the abdominal cavity of the contrast agent;
4. Ultrasound examination of hernia formation.

Umbilical hernia in its manifestations similar to symptoms of some benign tumors of subcutaneous tissue (lipoma, dermatomes, dermatofibromas), congenital abnormalities region umbilical ring, rarely abdomen in this field may appear separated metastases of malignant tumors of virtually all organs and systems person.

That is why when any protrusion in the cavity and the umbilical umbilical ring, or a little bit away from it, you need to seek the advice of a qualified surgeon.

What is an umbilical hernia: photo

Infringement of an umbilical hernia

Umbilical hernia in adults may be diminished. These features are typical for the elderly, because the conditions for infringement of a hernia appear to time, and, the longer there is a hernia, the more chances for the emergence of infringement.

If violated intestinal loops, then the person may manifest symptoms of the condition of acute intestinal obstruction.

Treatment of umbilical hernia

Treatment appeared umbilical hernia in adults should be mandatory. If it is not treated in time, can have serious consequences - infringement.

Conservative therapy is applied only in the absence of complications, or if the patient has a contraindication to surgery:

• acute diseases;
• exacerbation of chronic diseases;
• diseases of the cardiovascular system;
• long gestation.

Depending on the stage of development is selected from one surgical techniques:

• Plastic hernial ring using the patient's own tissues;
• operation using synthetic implant;
• Laparoscopic hernia repair using synthetic implant (mesh).

How to treat umbilical hernia in each case the surgeon will decide. To date, it is becoming more common and popular method of acquiring laparoscopic hernia repair.

Removal of umbilical hernia in minimally invasive surgery not only allows you to completely eliminate neoplasm, but also it has a number of advantages, such as short period of rehabilitation, low probability of complications.

Tension hernioplasty

Plastic hernial ring recommended for small umbilical hernias, up to 5 centimeters. Operation is fast, often performed under local anesthesia. During surgery the surgeon restores anatomical tissue ratio, strengthens the weak points of the abdominal wall. For this type of treatment are rare complications.

The main disadvantages of this method of treatment are:

1. A long period of rehabilitation. After this type of operation rehabilitation can last up to a year. It is recommended to limit physical activity, sports.
2. Frequent relapses. Occurrence re umbilical hernia in the same place. According to some frequency of such complications in the treatment of small hernia is from 5 to 20%. And the treatment of umbilical hernias larger sizes and at all up to 30-50%.
3. The presence of postoperative scar. Also, when using the method Sapezhko surgery, hernia is removed together with the navel. This leads to a significant cosmetic defect.

pull hernioplastics

Treatment of hernia using implants - woven nets - also called nenatyazhnoy plastic. The method is ideal for the large hernias. Endoprosthesis strengthens the hernial ring. Operation gives a very good result: by following the doctor's recommendations eliminated virtually relapses. To restore the patient requires a minimum of time.

Benefits of the following methods:

1. Short period of rehabilitation. With this technique, it is from seven to twenty days. On the first day after surgery, the patient can get out of bed to eat. On the third day, you can observe a normal diet.
2. The absence of cosmetic defects in the form of post-operative scar.
3. The low frequency of relapses. According to some reports, it is up to 1%.
4. The lack of long-term pain in the postoperative period.
5. The low trauma surgery, the possibility of its associated with somatic diseases.

Laparoscopic hernia repair

In laparoscopic surgery the mesh implant is also used, it is installed through a puncture in the abdominal wall.

But there are some difficulties. For laparoscopic hernia repair need special equipment and trained surgeons. Such a possibility is not at all hospitals. The operations through the puncture contraindicated in patients with pathology of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems with a large expansion of umbilical ring.

Rehabilitation after surgery

Usually, if the operation takes place without complications, the patient is allowed to stand on the first day.

1. Postoperatively shown wearing a special band (using mesh implants - about one month).
2. 10-14 day can begin to engage in physiotherapy, but never do exercises for the abdominals.
3. After the operation is carried out daily dressings, sutures are removed on day 7 (if you do not resolve themselves).
4. When the pain prescribe painkillers.
5. Also, your doctor may prescribe antibiotics, vitamins, and immunomodulators.

After surgery, patients should avoid physical exertion and any actions that provoke tension of the muscles of the abdominal wall.

Umbilical hernia in adults: reviews after surgery

We picked up some reviews of adult patients who have undergone surgery to remove a hernia.

1. 3 years have passed since then, as I had a hernia operation to reposition. Everything was great until I was frightened and cried out sharply - from a sudden voltage hernia reappeared. Carried out the operation with the help of a tension gernioplasti, now I will insist on the installation of the grid. The doctor got very wise, all told and shown, assured that everything will be fine.
2. I have the right to a hernia is very fast, but did under general anesthesia. Once departed from the anesthesia, immediately went for a walk at the hospital, I think everyone else will do the same. The doctor has written 6 days, allowed all but the heavy lifting and physical education - about the run had to forget for a while ...
3. A hernia operated on me 4 months ago. The hospital just kept 2 weeks (1 week to do the necessary tests and then do the operation itself and the rest of the time I recovered). Twenty-four hours after the operation she could already walk normally, it was not particularly painful. The doctor allowed to raise not more than 4-6 kg and so it is necessary to do another 6 months.

Treatment without surgery

Sometimes surgery is contraindicated to people for several reasons. In this case, doctors recommend adults to wear a bandage from an umbilical hernia. It helps keep the abdominal tissue, and the likelihood that the build-up will not be more reduced.

massage the abdomen may also be performed. The aim of the procedure is to increase muscle tone. recommended:

• belly stroking (held in a clockwise direction);
• light pinching the umbilical region;
• rubbing the abdominal muscles;
• Lightweight relaxing strokes.

Exercise should be moderate - overload may lead to deterioration of the patient.

A source: http://simptomy-lechenie.net/pupochnaya-gryzha-simptomy-i-lechenie-u-vzroslyx/

Treatment of umbilical hernia surgery without men folk remedies

Home »Folk remedies" Treatment of umbilical hernia surgery without men folk remedies

Umbilical hernia - a pathology, implying a partial exit peritoneum organs outside the abdominal wall. Men as well as women who have seen the development of this pathology. The risk group includes men, whose age has crossed the 40-year milestone.

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Umbilical hernia in men is most often developed for the following reasons:

• frequent and prolonged constipation;
• increased physical load in the absence of proper training;
• weight lifting;
• long strained cough;
• weakness of the muscles and connective tissue on a background of excess weight;
• postoperative defects or seams in the umbilical region;
• drastic weight loss.

In addition, umbilical hernia may be the result of inherited genetic predisposition. But if the cause of the disease is congenital, it manifests itself with the appearance boy into the world.

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Whether cure is possible without surgery

For the treatment of pathologies in many cases it is not necessary removal of formation (operation)

Most importantly, in time to see a doctor who will prescribe an effective conservative treatment.

In this case than in an earlier stage of disease would be detected (by X-ray photo), the faster and more effective will eventually cure.

Conservative freedom from disease involves compulsory to wear a bandage on a continual basis. The belt holds the stick out of the wall of the peritoneum, preventing its loss.

No less useful in the treatment of umbilical hernia can be a simple and cold shower. Just take it to practice daily.

As for the reposition of the hernia, this should be done in a supine position. In addition, it is strongly recommended to do special massage and do physical therapy.

Changing the diet can also have a positive impact at the umbilical hernia. The diet should be adjusted in such a way to avoid any intestinal disorders in humans.

In some cases, receiving public money can be successfully combined with other treatments of umbilical hernia in men without surgery.

Excellent help psyllium seeds, pre-ground to a fine powder.

The tool promotes connective tissue. Accepted to be about ten times throughout the day.

Can provide some assistance and packs of roasted onions. To do this, each bulb is cut into two equal parts. The compress is applied to the affected area, is fixed a wide belt or a scarf and hold a certain amount of time. Repeat the procedure should be for two months in a row every day.

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Symptoms and signs of pathology

The main symptom testifying that the man developed an umbilical hernia is the presence of a small swelling in the relevant field.

It can be detected not only by palpation, but also by visual inspection.

Despite the fact that she hernia much discomfort to the patient does not deliver, it has spikes that can lead to very unpleasant complications.

First of all, it is a strangulated hernia. If this happens, symptoms depend on the nature of the defective education and the size of hernial ring.

The symptoms which arise in the patient at this stage of the disease may be as follows:

• severe nausea, vomiting passing in;
• constipation;
• pain in the abdomen during physical exertion or coughing;
• increase umbilical ring;
• complicated urination.

One unpleasant feature of umbilical hernia is its ability to move within the abdominal cavity.

The more abnormal the hernial protrusion and the more pronounced adhesive process, the brighter will be the symptoms of umbilical hernia in men.

• ➤ What are the symptoms found in spinal hernia?

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Watch the video of this topic

Umbilical hernia, and all of it on video

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Male bandage and its features

Despite the fact that doctors recommend all men on a roll of umbilical hernia, wearing bandages.

It is understood that this will not solve the problem fundamentally. From his wearing a hernia does not spontaneously resolve.

But to prevent the infringement of waiting for surgery, this method is quite right to exist.

On sale you can find different kinds of bandages. Despite the fact that they are structurally similar, they perform different functions.

So bandages for umbilical hernia can be:

• prevention;
• treatment;
• abdominal.

Preventive bandage is a wide belt densified front wall, which is recommended to wear for men who have a predisposition to develop the disease. It improves muscle tone and blood circulation.

The product performs two functions simultaneously: supports the spine and improves muscle tone. As a result, the hernia is kept, and its growth reduced.

As for the variety of abdominal bandages, wearing them is recommended after the surgical intervention in the reduction step. They protect the postoperative seams and do not allow to appear a new hernia is not a place of healing.

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Operative treatment of the disease

Surgical treatment of umbilical hernia is most effective.

There are two types of surgery that can be performed in this case:

• Tension plastic (used to eliminate herniated body tissue, typically used in relatively small entities);
• no tension plastic (involves the use of implants, used in more education).

Most of these operations are carried out under local anesthesia. Typically, intervention no complications and relapses occur in no more than 1% of the total number of patients.

Most importantly, remember that this disease can not be cured folk remedies. The problem in this case can only get worse.

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Rehabilitation after surgery

Postoperative recovery after surgical removal of umbilical hernia in men does not require a lot of time, regardless of the method of operation.

The average rehabilitation lasts from 10 days to 2 weeks.

The following limitations exist for the patient during a given period of time:

• ban on lifting any weights;
• limiting the load on the press;
• exclusion from the diet foods that trigger constipation and bloating.

Throughout the period of rehabilitation of the patient wearing the prescribed post-operative brace continuously.

Stand up and walk around the patient may have on the first day after surgery. And two weeks later, he was already recommended to focus efforts on the prevention of the occurrence of hernia and prescribed morning exercises, including a mandatory abdominal exercises.

Furthermore, it should eliminate all the causes which originally resulted in the development of the disease.

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Possible causes disease in adults

Any hernia, regardless of localization implies out of the body through an opening (hernial). Umbilical ring - a natural gap in the abdominal wall in newborns. With age it is closed due to the development of connective tissue and fascia seal.

However, these tissue in the umbilical ring does not have a high density, which under certain circumstances could allow protrusion therethrough fragments peritoneal organs.

This phenomenon contribute to the lack of fat and elastic tissue of the umbilical ring.

Experts call the following causes of disease in adults:

• pregnancy;
• the postpartum period;
• lift weights;
• constipation;
• post-operative period (the presence of scarring in the abdomen);
• excess weight;
• diseases of the peritoneum;
• heredity (birth defects).

The reasons that trigger the development of umbilical hernias, one way or another, are associated with increased intraluminal pressure.

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Symptoms of an umbilical hernia

At successive stages of hernia can observe a variety of symptoms:

1. In the initial phase at the umbilicus visualized small protrusion. No painful sensations, slight local redness. Appeared tubercle easily reduce a light touch to the place, often disappears in a horizontal position. In some cases, the first stage in the formation of a hernia at the same time it becomes final. Connective tissues grow, umbilical ring closes, and remains on the surface of the small protrusion does not cause discomfort.
2. The next stage is characterized by an increase in the size of the tubercle. Not always possible to safely straighten protrusion.
3. Further soreness amplified. Hernia becomes more noticeable when sneezing, coughing. Man takes note of the nagging pains in the umbilical region with movements that involve the abdominal muscles. Intensified the pain of a strong straining with constipation.
4. The resulting hernia sac may get bowel loop. It disrupts the body, appear nausea, and constipation.
5. Being in a cavity hernia parts of internal organs - a dangerous situation. When cutting load, coughing or straining can occur muscle spasm and strangulated hernia. The characteristic symptoms of this condition is acute pain, darkening of the skin in the affected portion, the local temperature rise. In parallel, may experience nausea or vomiting, weakness, pain in muscles and joints, headache. Uschemlonnuyu hernia can not reduce a try yourself, it is a cause immediate access to medical care. In the absence of proper treatment, uschemlonnaya umbilical hernia can cause inflammation of the abdomen - peritonitis.

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Effective surgical treatment

Hernia successfully removed surgically. If you suspect the presence of umbilical hernia surgeon need to get advice.

The earlier pathology is diagnosed, the easier it will be held the operation and the recovery period afterwards.

Modern surgery offers three main ways to hernia repair.

Any method consists of three phases:

• excision hernia formation;
• reposition bodies back into the abdominal cavity;
• Strengthening the walls of the umbilical ring.

The choice of method depends on the condition of the patient and the severity of the pathology:

1. The traditional method to remove an umbilical hernia - tension hernia repair. After the reduction of intestinal loops delayed umbilical ring body tissues (tendons). Typically, such an intervention is sufficient spinal anesthesia. This technique worked out for decades, surgeons perfectly her own. It does not require any expensive materials and modern equipment.

   Despite the simplicity of this method has several disadvantages. First of all, it is an opportunity to re-herniation. Furthermore, during operation occurs hyperextension the internal tissues, thereby possibly poor circulation. For tension hernia repair is characterized by a long recovery period.

2. Hernia repair with endoprosthesis - improved variation of a standard hernia operation. In this case, the hernial ring is not sutured and closed a special polypropylene mesh. Such a prosthesis is firmly fused with the surrounding tissues and eliminates the possibility of recurrence. The operation lasts a little longer, but the recovery period takes place easier. There is the risk of rejection of the foreign material, but the percentage of such cases is minimal.
3. The most modern methods of hernia repair - a laparoscopy. This is a complex operation requiring highly skilled surgeons and advanced equipment. All actions carried out in the abdominal cavity using a laparoscope through a few small punctures. This technique necessarily requires general anesthesia.

Surgery for hernia uschemlonnoy not, as a rule, always successfully. Postoperatively, doctors recommend wearing a brace and lack of exercise.

A source: http://narodzdorovye.ru/narodnye-sredstva/lechenie-pupkovoj-gryzhi-bez-operacii-u-muzhchin-narodnymi-sredstvami.html

Umbilical hernia in adults. Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment

Umbilical ring - the weakest point on the anterior abdominal wall. Therefore, it is one of those places where most often formed hernial protrusion. Through the umbilical ring loops of intestine may come out in adults, gland and other organs.

Facts about omphalocele:

• up in adulthood 5% of all abdominal hernias;
• more common in women after age 40;
• the first time the disease was described more ancient Roman physician Celsus, who lived in the I century AD;
• the first successful surgery for an umbilical hernia was held in 1885 in France the year.

Side and front walls of the abdomen, which protect the internal organs, are composed mainly of the abdominal muscles. They are arranged in three layers, their beams are in different directions, and provide different kinds of movements. The only place where the stomach muscles are not being protected - it is a narrow white line, which passes in front of the center of the sternum to the pubic area.

White Line - it is the junction of the abdominal muscles to the right and to the left. It is formed by their aponeurosis - bundles of connective tissue. The upper part of the linea alba longer and thicker at the bottom - wider and thinner, and therefore weaker.

While the fetus is in the womb of a pregnant woman in a white line of a stomach it has a round hole - the umbilical ring. Through it passes the cord that connects the mother and child.

The structure of the umbilical cord are:

• umbilical artery;
• umbilical vein;
• urachus.

After birth the umbilical cord falling normal umbilical ring closed and converted into the rumen. Yet it remains the weakest point on the front wall of the abdomen, as here there is no muscle, no fat. Under certain circumstances, there is protrusion of the internal organs of the abdomen through its front wall in the umbilicus - formed umbilical hernia. Bodies that fall in the hernial protrusion, located in the hernial sac. It contains the peritoneum - a thin film of connective tissue that lines the inside of the abdominal cavity and covers the internal organs.

• Congenital umbilical ring expansionWhen it is not rumen until the end, and there is a small hole. It may not show up in childhood, but over time, under certain conditions, forming an umbilical hernia.
  
• Pregnancy and childbirth. During pregnancy, the woman's abdomen increases the navel because of this stretched. Constipation occur which lead to an increase in pressure within the abdomen. Particularly high risk in women who gave birth more than once during pregnancy does not comply with the doctor's recommendation. Also to the emergence of an umbilical hernia can cause severe birth, large fetus, polyhydramnios, pregnancy twins and triplets.
  
• Sedentary lifestyle. If a person neglects the physical exertion, his abdominal muscles weaken.
  
• Excessive exercise. While lifting heavy loads the pressure inside the abdomen is greatly increased.
  
• Diseases accompanied by a constant increase in intra-abdominal pressure. This may be the disease of the digestive system, in which there is chronic constipation, chronic cough, and so on.
  
• Obesity. Subcutaneous fat - this extra weight. It leads to stretching of the anterior abdominal wall.
  
• surgeries. navel hernia may also occur at the site of postoperative sutures. The risk is greatly increased if the patient does not comply with the doctor's recommendation, it begins to be physically active too early.
  
• abdominal trauma.
  
• Too rapid weight loss. This can occur when a person is practicing a rigid diet or seriously ill, resulting in a growing attrition. Umbilical ring is weakened, the conditions for the formation of herniation.

Diverticulum in the umbilicus. The most typical and well-marked symptom of umbilical hernia. It may be of different sizes. Sometimes barely noticeable protrusion in the prone position it is not visible at all. And sometimes very large. If you put your fingers on the protrusion and a little cough, natuzhitsya - you can experience the typical push.

If you click on the protrusion, it usually disappears - reduce a hernia into the abdomen. Most hernia, complicated by adhesions in the navel can become nevpravimoy - it never disappears. Usually, when this concerned about pain, dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting, and constipation. If the hernial protrusion gets part of the bladder - problems with urination.

Pain in patients with umbilical hernia usually occur only during intense physical exertion, during coughing, sneezing, constipation.

Symptoms of an umbilical hernia in pregnant women:

• belly button sticks out much;
• while feeling the navel felt as though an empty cavity;
• abdominal clicks occur: The sound resembles the bursting of bubbles.

• pinching. If part of the bowel or other body is restrained in the navel ring, then there are acute pains (they may be of different strength) related to the compression of nerves and blood vessels. There is constipation, nausea, vomiting. After 2-8 hours of the strangulated body begins to wither away due to the fact that the blood does not flow to it. Symptoms worsen, the patient's condition becomes worse. After 8 hours of normal body wall necrotize, developing peritonitis - an inflammation of the abdominal cavity. The patient's life is in danger.
  
• ileus - a condition in which the hernia located in part of the bowel is clogged feces. This complication is very similar to the infringement and manifests similar symptoms.
• Inflammation is the body that is in a hernial bag. There is pain, swelling, redness in herniation, increased body temperature, general condition of the patient is disturbed.

If you have symptoms similar to symptoms of umbilical hernia - it is necessary to consult a surgeon. Umbilical hernia is dangerous not only for its complications. If the navel there is a protrusion and the seal - it can be a metastasis of a malignant stomach tumor. This happens rarely, but in each case it should be ruled out. The doctor will make examination and order tests.

• The doctor asks the patient to undress from the waist up.
• He inspects the abdomen while standing, lying down.
• The surgeon feels protrusion, asking the patient to cough a little, natuzhitsya to feel characteristic of the umbilical hernia push.
• Also, the doctor can examine the groin, thigh, the scrotum in men in order to rule out inguinal and femoral hernia.

• When there was a diverticulum in the umbilicus?
• Is concerned about the pain?
• Is concerned about digestive disorders: abdominal distension, constipation, weight, belching, heartburn, nausea, vomiting?
• Have there been previous surgery?
• Whether suffered an umbilical hernia patient's next of kin?

The name of the study	Description	How it is?
Ultrasound with umbilical hernia	Information that allows to obtain ultrasound with umbilical hernia: size herniation; a body that is in the hernial sac; the presence and number of adhesions.	Ultrasound examination is conducted with umbilical hernia in the usual way. The doctor asks the patient to lie on his back, gets on the skin of the navel special gel and conducting a study using an ultrasonic sensor.
herniography	The abdomen of the patient is administered radiopaque substance which penetrates into the hernial sac and paints over it. It becomes clearly visible on X-rays. The doctor prescribes herniography in the case where there is doubt in the diagnosis.	Before the herniography patient should urinate. A study carried out in a special room, under sterile conditions. The patient is laid on the couch, spend local anesthesia - cut away section of stomach. Then the stomach is administered in a needle, and through it - the contrast solution. The patient is asked to roll over on his stomach, cough or natuzhitsya - in this case the contrast flows into the hernia sac. X-rays do.
CT scan	A study carried out when the symptoms are vague, there are doubts about the diagnosis. Computed tomography - a study that provides a layered sections of certain areas of the body, a clear three-dimensional image.
X-ray of the stomach and duodenum with a contrast	Study allows suspected tumor processes in the stomach and duodenum diseases that accompany umbilical hernia and give rise to abdominal pain.	The patient is allowed to drink the contrast - usually a barium sulfate solution. Then do the X-rays.
gastroduodenoscopy - endoscopic examination of the stomach and duodenum.	the patient is placed on a couch on the left side; doctor makes anesthesia mucosa with a spray; in the mouth insert the plastic mouthpiece; through the mouth into the patient's stomach is administered fibrogastroskopii - thin flexible hose with a miniature video camera on the end thereof; the doctor examines the mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum.

Treatment of umbilical hernia in adults - only surgery. Use different types of operations, depending on the size of the hernia, the state of the anterior abdominal wall. Usually surgery for an umbilical hernia, if there is no infringement is carried out in a planned manner. During the first reception the doctor examines the patient, assigns preoperative examination, date of hospitalization.
Operation aimed at eliminating the herniation is called a hernia repair. Types of hernia repair, which are subject to umbilical hernia:

• Tension. Reinforce umbilical ring patient's own tissues. In order to close the defect, their pull, making the operation got its name.
• Nenatyazhnaya. To strengthen the umbilical ring using special synthetic mesh.
• Laparoscopic. The operation is performed without cutting through punctures in the abdominal wall.

Surgical intervention is desirable to carry out as soon as possible, while still hernia is small and can be vpravlena. Adults can use general anesthesia or local anesthesia - obkalyvanie the navel anesthetic solution.

Tension hernioplasty

• The surgeon makes an incision, provides access to the hernia sac.
• Depending on the size of the hernia sac, he or simply dipped in the stomach, or sewn and cut.
• Umbilical ring is sewn, adjacent reinforcing fabrics.
  

The disadvantage of this method is the high rate of recurrence: postoperative umbilical hernia occurs again in 4-20% of patients. Rehabilitation can last up to a year.

pull hernioplastics

The operation is performed in a similar manner, but to strengthen the navel, the surgeon uses a special synthetic mesh. Later it grows surrounding tissues.

Pull hernioplastics advantage is the relatively low likelihood of relapse. A hernia occurs again on average, only 2 patients out of 100.

rehabilitation period lasts only 30 days, even for those people who are professionally involved in sports.

Laparoscopic hernia repair

In laparoscopic surgery the mesh implant is also used, it is installed through a puncture in the abdominal wall. The surgeon does not make a large incision, which substantially reduced time of postoperative rehabilitation.

But there are some difficulties.

For laparoscopic hernia repair need special equipment and trained surgeons. Such a possibility is not at all hospitals.

The operations through the puncture contraindicated in patients with pathology of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems with a large expansion of umbilical ring.

Operation at a strangulated umbilical hernia

If the infringement of an umbilical hernia operation should be carried out urgently. The risk of infringement does not depend on the size of the hernia - it increases the more the longer the patient does not go to the doctor. During surgery, the doctor exposes the hernial sac and examining body that is inside.

If it is not changed, it's just immersed in the stomach. If part of the body of the killed - it was excised. And if the doctor doubts arise - it obkladyvaet body napkins soaked in warm saline, and introduces novocaine solution.

• Usually, if the operation takes place without complications, the patient is allowed to stand on the first day.
• Postoperatively shown wearing a special band (using mesh implants - about one month).
• 10-14 day can begin to engage in physiotherapy, but never do exercises for the abdominals.
• After the operation is carried out daily dressings, sutures are removed on day 7 (if you do not resolve themselves).
• When the pain prescribe painkillers.
• Also, your doctor may prescribe antibiotics, vitamins, and immunomodulators.

Bondage is not a treatment for an umbilical hernia.

He only helps to wearing time, right hernia, prevent its infringement.

Indications for wearing the shroud:

• After surgery for umbilical hernia and generally for any surgical procedure, the incision passes through the stomach.
• If a temporary contraindications for surgery: acute disease, acute chronic. After normalization patient surgical treatment
• Severe disease: a significant impairment of the function of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, exhaustion, old age, cancer and so on.
• The later stages of pregnancy - it is also a contraindication for surgery.

The bandage is a belt made of elastic fabric, at the inner surface of which is mounted a special pillow-pelota anatomical shape. She presses the stomach and prevents hernia bulge outward. Pelota may be coupled to a bandage attached thereto or Velcro.
Umbilical hernia in adults - a disease that can only be repaired with surgery. "Conspiracies" and sticking coins on the navel, - methods that are often advised to use traditional medicine, - "help" only to small children, as they have up to 5 years, umbilical hernia can be closed independently. In adults, this does not happen. Decoctions, extracts, lotions with medicinal plants inefficient. With the help of these umbilical hernia does not get eliminated in an adult.

What do we have to do?	What should be avoided?
Exercise, strengthening the abdominal muscles. Proper nutrition, promotes normal digestion. Occupation special exercises during pregnancy, wearing a bandage. For the prevention of recurrence after surgery - strict adherence to appointments and recommendations of the treating physician.	A sedentary lifestyle, a constant sedentary work. Overweight. Improper diet, leading to constipation, excessive gas in the stomach. Failure to follow the recommendations of doctors during pregnancy, after undergoing surgery for an umbilical hernia.

Specialties: pediatrics, pediatric surgeon

A source: https://www.polismed.com/articles-pupochnaja-gryzha-u-vzroslykh-prichiny-simptomy.html