Ulcerative sore throat: what is it, causes, symptoms, treatment, prognosis

What is filmy sore throat?

Ulceratively–filmy sore throat (also called angina Simanovsky-Plaut-Vincent) Is a fairly rare disease that is more common in men aged 18-35 years. The nature of the disease is an acute inflammation of the palatine tonsils, which is accompanied by the appearance of superficial ulcers on the tonsils with a dirty green coating and a putrid odor. The duration of the disease is up to 10 days, but sometimes it can last for several weeks.

Causes and risk factors

Ulcerative sore throat is caused by a fusospirochete infection. The development of the pathological process is due to the symbiosis of a conditionally pathogenic spindle-shaped bacillus (B. Fuciformis) and normal oral microflora - oral spirochetes (Spirochaetabuccalis). In addition, pathogenic coccal flora can be detected in the infectious focus: ß-hemolytic group B streptococcus,Staphylococcus aureus.

To provoke the development of this form sore throats (tonsillitis) may be immunodeficient. A decrease in the reactivity and resistance of the organism against the background of HIV infection, diseases of the hematopoietic organs, malignant neoplasms, postponed radiation or chemotherapy. The trigger of the disease can be alimentary dystrophy, cachexia, hypovitaminosis C and B vitamins, acute or chronic infections, general hypothermia.

Focuses of chronic infection can also contribute to the occurrence of this form of sore throat. The development of pathology is facilitated by carious teeth, chronic stomatitis, periodontal disease, frontitis, sinusitis, ethmoiditis, sphenoiditis, pharyngitis. A separate group is allocated adenoiditiscaused by the growth of adenoid vegetations, since, in addition to the constant irritation of the tonsils with purulent masses, they are the cause of predominantly mouth breathing, which is one of the main triggers of the occurrence sore throats.

Signs and symptoms

The disease is characterized by gradual development. At the onset of the disease, the patient has a feeling of discomfort or a foreign body during swallowing, the appearance sensation of a lump in the throat. Later appears a sore throat, which, with further development, remains at rest. One-sided lesion is most often observed. There is an unpleasant putrid odor from the mouth and increased salivation. A typical feature of this form of angina is the absence of fever or intermittent subfebrile condition. Only in some cases, with this form of angina, a sharp increase in body temperature up to 38.5 ° C and the appearance of chills is possible. Patients may have an increase in the anterior and posterior cervical, occipital, submandibular behind-the-ear lymph nodes from the side of the affected amygdala.

In severe cases, with the ulcerative-necrotic form of tonsillitis, the spread of destructive processes to the adjacent anatomical structures and underlying tissues can be noted. In the absence of timely correct treatment, the formation of areas of necrosis on the surface of the palatopharyngeal arches, buccal mucosa and other areas of the pharynx may be noted. At this stage, the addition of pyogenic microflora is possible, accompanied by the formation of a syndrome of systemic intoxication and the transformation of pathology into purulent tonsillitis. With the progression of the disease, the destruction of the hard palate, the occurrence of an anastomosis with the nasal cavity is possible. In some patients, the destruction of the tooth sockets becomes the cause of tooth loss.

Complications

With a prolonged course of the inflammatory process in the mucous membrane of the throat, the absence of correct and timely treatment of ulceration on the surface of the tonsils deepen, spread to neighboring fabrics.

Common complications of the disease also include:

• blood poisoning (sepsis);
• necrosis of the glands;
• toxic shock;
• abscesses in the mucous membrane of the throat and mouth.

To avoid possible complications, at the first signs of the disease, a feeling of discomfort in the oral cavity, you need to consult a doctor.

Diagnostics

The diagnosis is made on the basis of the patient's complaints, anamnesis data, physical examination, laboratory tests. When making a diagnosis, the examination program includes general and biochemical blood tests, pharyngoscopy, bacteriological examination of smears.

Standard treatments

Antibacterial and restorative therapy is prescribed. An active local treatment is carried out: the ulcerative surface is treated with iodine tincture, 10% silver nitrate solution, 10% solution copper sulfate, 10% novarsenol solution on glycerin, methylene blue solution, potassium chloride solution (1 teaspoon per Cup).

It is recommended to gargle with a solution of potassium permanganate, a solution of hydrogen peroxide (2 tablespoons per glass of water) several times a day.

In stubborn cases, sprinkle the ulcerative surface with novarsenol or intramuscularly miarsenol or intravenous novarsenol (in doses appropriate for age).

A positive effect is exerted by sprinkling the ulcerative surface with powdered sugar several times a day or smearing 60% sugar syrup, which is explained by a change in the environment and the creation of unfavorable conditions for the further existence of pathogens disease. Foods that are non-irritating and rich in vitamins are prescribed.

Forecast

In the absence of complications, the prognosis for the life and health of the patient is favorable. The resulting ulcers on the tissues of the tonsils and adjacent structures heal without the formation of large connective tissue defects. The duration of the disease in most cases ranges from 7 to 21 days, rarely - up to several months. Complications develop in no more than 3-7% of cases, but are characterized by a severe course.

Prevention

In order to prevent the development of ulcerative-membranous sore throat, it is necessary to follow simple rules of preventive measures:

1. In the cold period of the year, to warm up - to wear clothes for the weather.
2. Pay increased attention to chronic diseases, both throughout the body and in the oral cavity, and treat them in a timely manner.
3. Every day, 2 times a day, carry out oral hygiene.

There are no other recommendations for preventing the disease. The main thing is, when a cold occurs, to prevent the development of complications and their overflow into the inflammatory process of ulcerative-membranous sore throat.

Thus, ulcerative sore throat is a serious disease that can add complications and significantly worsen the patient's health. Therefore, if the prerequisites for the development of peptic ulcer disease arise, it is worth starting the treatment process immediately.