Who is shown the blockade of the trigeminal nerve

Blockade of the trigeminal nerve is a curative measure designed to relieve pain in facial areas controlled by the sensitive fibers of this nerve. The defeat of the fifth pair( nervustrigeminus) of the cranial nerves manifests itself not only in pain sensations, but also in lacrimation, sweating of the skin, widening of the vessels on it, reddening. Sometimes the muscles of the face are spasmodic, which is a consequence of the violation of motor fibers in neuralgia.

When is the blockade shown?

Blockade of the nerve of the fifth pair is necessary for inflammation accompanied by pain, as well as vegetative symptoms: the expansion of blood vessels in the affected area, sweating and redness of the skin. When one of the branches is affected, lacrimation appears.

The soreness of the trigeminal nerve-provoking regions can be provoked by the most minor triggers. For example, pain occurs when talking, while eating. This nerve controls a fairly large area of ​​the face, including the eyes, nose, lips, forehead, gums and teeth. Therefore, irritation of the fifth pair of cranial nerves significantly reduces the quality of life of the patient. A person with neuralgia is not able to properly chew food when one of the nervustrigeminus pairs is affected. People with this pathology are forced to hide the spasm of facial muscles and the curvature of mimicry. Cleaning your teeth becomes painful, like getting food on your teeth, especially sweet.

Pain in neuralgia is painful, in addition, with the development of inflammation, the intensity increases, and the frequency increases. To lead to painful areas for which the cranial nerve is responsible, migraine pain and even herpetic infection, inflammation of maxillary sinuses of the upper jaw can occur. Among the causes is the defeat of the nerve itself with sclerosis, compression of the aneurysm of the vessel.

A blockade is also indicated in neuritis or tumors of this nerve( neurinomas), when the neoplasm, even being benign, causes severe pain, which is difficult to remove with medications. In many cases, this treatment is used as an extreme measure, since first drugs are used:

• B vitamins, in particular cyanocobalamin;
• antidepressants;
• anticonvulsants from spasm of facial muscles;
• anti-inflammatory drugs of nonhormonal nature;
• muscle relaxants, relaxing facial muscles;
• antispasmodics.

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As a physiotherapy diadynamic currents, laser treatment, electrophoresis of novocaine, hydrocortisone are used. With ineffectiveness of drug therapy and physiotherapy, nerve blockade is used. If this measure did not help to stop the pain syndrome, an operation is used to remove the branches. The following medical treatments are possible:

1. Radiosurgery with cyber and gamma knife.
2. Microvascular decompression.
3. Chemical nerve destruction by injection of glycerol.
4. Baloon Compression.
5. Risotomy by radio frequencies.

Technique for performing

Nerve blockade - what is it? To implement the blockade, n. Trigeminus use medicines: novocaine, cyanocobalamin( vitamin B12), hydrocortisone. The last two drugs are not mandatory for this manipulation, but they increase the analgesic effect of novocaine. Hydrocortisone is a hormone that suppresses inflammation, which in most cases leads to soreness. Sometimes other glucocorticoids are used instead, for example, Diprospan. Vitamin B12 has a neurotropic effect, improving nerve nutrition.

For blockade use 1-2% concentrated solution of novocaine, or lidocaine, procaine and other drugs for local anesthesia. Anesthetic can be mixed with hydrocortisone in an amount of 25-30 mg. Cyanocobalamin is used in a dose of 1000-5000 mkg.

To determine the location of the blockade, areas of soreness, the so-called Ball points, are established. Analyze for them which branch of the trigeminal nerve is affected. In neuralgia of the first branch, a puncture is performed in the supraorbital region above the orbit. There is an opening through which this part of the nerve passes. After this treatment, soreness in the forehead and skin around the eyes disappears. Introduced in a mixture with novocaine hydrocortisone accelerates the healing of inflammation along the nerve.

For relief of painful attacks due to inflammation of the second branch of the nervustrigeminus prick is performed in the area under the eye - in the lower orbital hole.

The third branch of the trigeminal nerve passes through the opening in the lower jaw, in the area of ​​its angle. This branch is blocked for jaw injuries and pain in the temporomandibular joint area during its dislocation and subluxation, as well as inflammation of articular surfaces and cartilage. For blockade use as a glucocorticoid hormone diprospan.

When blockade, a local anesthetic is injected, when the needle pierces the skin, then the subcutaneous tissue and perineural space - the nerve bed. Sometimes one vitamin B12 is administered at a dose of 1000-5000 μg in the region of the first branch of the trigeminal nerve. Cyanocobalamin, introduced into the perineural space, reduces manifestations of pain syndrome and vegetative disorders.

Blockade of the trigeminal nerve with a solution of ethyl alcohol in a concentration of 80%.Ethanol enhances the analgesic effect of a local anesthetic, producing an effect similar to freezing. First, using the method of conductive anesthesia, 1-2 ml of anesthetic along the nerve pathway is injected. Then the "freezing" is carried out with alcohol solution.

Do you know how nerve inflammation manifests on the face? What happens when the paralysis of the facial nerve.

You can read about the causes of the headache here.

All about facial nerve inflammation read here: http: //golmozg.ru/zabolevanie/ vospalenie-licevogo-nerva-lechenie-zabolevaniya.html. Symptoms.

Conclusions

Blockade of one of the fifth pair of cranial nerves is a necessary measure for improving the quality of life in patients with neuralgia after drug treatment. Medications used inside, can lead to unpleasant side effects. In addition, the patient may have a disease in which the use of anticonvulsants is contraindicated.