Rehabilitation after stroke: physiotherapy to recover

For those who have suffered a stroke, there is always the possibility of a partial or full recovery. Doctors recommend to take measures for the rehabilitation of at least three years.

Typically, ischemic stroke gives more hope, because when it is less damaged brain cells. If it's a hemorrhagic stroke, the physical rehabilitation is difficult due to the period of the resorption of hematoma, the use of surgery.

Physiotherapy after stroke is one of the recovery methods. It gives some positive results, as well as medications, nutritional therapy and physiotherapy.

What problems are solved exercise therapy after a stroke?

Physical exercises are very important in order to prevent complications, self-service devices to help recover from a stroke. Due to the forced mode without moving can lead to significant problems.

C can be prevented by means of physical therapy:

1. pressure sores on the body;
2. congestive pneumonia;
3. heart failure;
4. muscle atrophy;
5. appearance of thrombus;
6. spasms of certain muscles.

Therapeutic exercise has a positive effect on the metabolism and microcirculation in organs which have been broken due to stroke. Physiotherapy after stroke at home allows you to return to the active movement, with its help you can easily start again to write, draw, use utensils, etc.

Due to physical exercises internal organs are functioning normally again, as it is restored.

When can I start exercising?

Specific exercises and their duration are at the discretion of the attending physician.

Opting for the gym will depend on the following circumstances:

1. how seriously damaged the brain tissue;
2. how the body ready for restoration;
3. treatment and whether it started on time.

The most problematic period is the first six months. During this period of change indicators ischemic hearth: some cells die off at the other remains the ability to perform functions, but they need help. That's what exercises after stroke. There is a certain memory at the cellular level, which is able to "remember" the motion to resume transmission of impulses.

If the patient is of sound mind and not in a coma, then three days later he breathing exercises are recommended. It is necessary for the prevention of lung congestion. Five days later, it is recommended to start physical therapy sessions. Exercises should include the habitual movements, taking into account the patient's condition.

After about six months, the patient must provide treatment in a sanatorium, or a specialized institution. This course is best done twice a year.

In addition to physical therapy in a specialized institution to the patient will be provided with the following procedures:

1. acupuncture;
2. oxygen baths;
3. massage;
4. electrosleep;
5. magnetic therapy;
6. electrical hardware specific muscles.

LFK is necessary to deal with at home, after discharge from the hospital. To that end, families should know the recommended exercises and monitor their implementation sick, cheering him. It should be possible to try to maintain a positive mood, because This greatly affects the speed of recovery.

Breathing exercises

It is necessary to take a supine position and perform a few deep breaths.

Such breaths must be repeated several times during the day and the more the better.

As soon as the doctor allowed to sit, it will be necessary to monitor the posture: back should be straight, so that the air enters the lungs as much as possible and smoothing them. by breathing exercises consist in a deep breath, then breathing is necessary for a few seconds delay, and breathe out slowly. Rest is necessary after each of the exercises.

It is necessary to monitor the general condition at this, that there was no strong vertigo, can not be too tense during the delay time breathing.

This is important at any stage of rehabilitation

Effective physical activity can not be without a mental support. Muscle memory is able to give commands, including weak cortical structures. The patient must be all your physical efforts accompany mental instructions to move his hands and feet.

What exercises can be done lying down?

If doctors have not given permission for it to sit or stand, the exercises should be performed in the supine position.

Gymnastic exercises after stroke

Classes are based on the movement in the joints of the limbs. It is recommended to perform the passive exercise, which include rotation, flexion, abduction. The amplitude at the same time is constantly growing. You can not just take the maximum load. Recommended to start with small oscillations, ten motions in each joint. Such approaches is recommended to perform three a day.

Do not forget about a specific order from the center to the periphery. That is, a class for hands start first with the shoulder, and then to the elbow, then brush. Also, with exercises for the legs: first, the thigh, and then motion for the foot.

The complex of active movements Hand

Gymnastics for the hands is permitted to perform fifteen approaches:

1. squeezing and unclamping a fist;
2. hand rotation in both directions;
3. flexion and extension at the elbow;
4. swings to the side.

The complex of active exercises for the feet

Exercises for the legs, it is desirable to start from the time of bed rest, then continue to have in a sitting position. Exercising should not be too intense.

Do the exercises should be comfortable, and gradually increase the repetitions.

Fit exercises such as:

1. toes active flexion and extension;
2. pulling socks over and returned to the opposite position;
3. knees flexion and extension;

How to develop the muscles of the trunk?

To perform these exercises need to lie on your back and try to repeat ten approaches:

1. perform rolls from one side to the other;
2. try to raise the pelvis by means of blades, elbows and heels;
3. try to raise your upper body while tensing abdominal muscles.

What other movements need to develop?

After a stroke is required not only to pay attention to work with limbs, but also need to work out the muscles of the face, particularly the eyes.

To forever and did not fall to be performed in the gym several approaches:

1. it is recommended to move the eyes in all directions;
2. you can rotate them in a circle, and in different directions;
3. open and close the eyelids.

You also need to work on strengthening the neck:

1. it is recommended to rotate the head in different directions;
2. push back of the head as deeply as possible into the pillow, and then relax.

After a stroke has occurred, the patient loses the ability to make small movements with your fingers. But, it is extremely necessary if a person wishes himself to serve themselves.

In order to work effectively on the hands, you need to perform the following exercises:

1. in a broad capacity it is recommended to lay down a variety of items: pens, erasers, pencils, markers;
2. the patient should move these items from one container to another.

The specialized agencies may use bingo and mosaic.

Exercises in a standing position

If the patient can stand on their own, and move, then it is recommended to gradually increase the amount of exercise a day. You must first work with simple exercises and then make a variety.

Simple exercises include the following techniques:

1. gentle stretching with breath control;
2. turning several times in each direction;
3. squats with tight heel to the floor;
4. alternately lifting the legs;
5. torso in different directions (with his hands above his head turn).

Gymnastics increased complexity are the following exercises:

1. throw in the hands of the castle and perform slow sipping them;
2. boxing motions with his hands;
3. circular rotation of the shoulder joint.

Gymnastics necessary to complete the slow breathing exercises.

Contraindications

Gymnastics can not be engaged in a number of cases. It will deal with the patient or not - depends on its condition.

Physical education is contraindicated if:

1. the patient is in a coma;
2. fixed some mental instability (excessive irritability, aggression, etc.);
3. recurrent stroke occurred, and the patient is elderly;
4. recorded seizures similar to epileptic, and convulsions;
5. stroke occurred in a patient who suffers further from diabetes, tuberculosis, etc.

When performing gymnastic complex, the patient should feel completely comfortable. If there are complaints of headache, excessive weakness (decreased pressure, etc.), it is necessary to change the pace of exercise and plenty of rest.

As soon as the doctor allowed to walk, it is recommended to walk as much as possible, spend time in the fresh air. It recommended route when walking gradually increase. Help loved ones, their moral support and confidence in their abilities to help people cope with the disease as soon as possible.

A source: http://neuro-logia.ru/zabolevaniya/insult/lechenie/gimnastika.html

Physiotherapy after stroke

Stroke - it is a very dangerous and serious pathology which, depending on the type, can occur as a result of thrombus formation in vessels or rupture of cerebral blood vessels. In any case it affected gray matter, and then to various organs.

Before a stroke was considered a priority of mature people aged over 50 years, but to date this pathology is striking and quite young people, aged 20-30 years. stroke, seizures are increasing every year, and the risk of death still remains very high.

And if not immediately, then within 1 year after the attack, many die.

And that did not happen, you need to make not only the emergency treatment of seizures, but also recovery after stroke at home. After the recent attacks people can fully or partially recover its functional activity.

But this is impossible without a proper home rehabilitation period. Recovery consists of many important points, one of which is physical therapy.

In this article you will learn what is needed physiotherapy after stroke, and how to carry it out, to achieve the best result.

Features of development and treatment of stroke

Stroke - is a pathology which is characterized by acute blood circulation in the brain, resulting in death of nerve cells occurs, accompanied by the manifestation of severe symptoms of neurological side system.

As a result, this leads to the loss of vital functions under the responsibility of dead brain cells. That is, due to a stroke attack, a person may be deprived of hearing, speech, vision, or it may be partially or completely paralyzed.

Of course, everything could end up quite favorably, but most cases of stroke still eventually lead to disability or death.

After a stroke attack, a person is able to recover

In many ways, the patient's condition and its further treatment and rehabilitation of stroke depends on the species. All kinds of strokes are divided into 2 groups:

1. Ischemic. The cause of ischemic stroke is blood clots, which can then clog the arteries extending to the brain. This leads to disruption of the blood supply to the brain cells and hypoxia. This type of stroke is usually develop immediately, but within a few hours, which gives the patient the possibility of early detection of the problem and begin treatment. Testify to the development of ischemic stroke may be symptoms such as problems with speech, hearing and vision, partial paralysis and dizziness. These features mean predinsultny period;
2. hemorrhagic. It may develop as a result of bursting due to bleeding in the brain. This phenomenon can provoke hypertensive crisis and a significant increase in blood pressure. Hemorrhagic stroke occurs suddenly, within a couple of minutes and even seconds. This usually happens during the day, after physical overexertion. Man can observe a sharp headache, nausea, fever throughout the body, which is accompanied by redness and loss of consciousness. Even a quick reaction to emerging symptoms will prevent hemorrhagic stroke. And the later the person will be taken to the hospital, the more serious will be the consequences.

As mentioned earlier, after a stroke attack, a person is able to recover. Therefore it is very important to the first 3 years after the attack to focus on rehabilitation activities that there are so many.

And together they are able to significantly improve the condition of the patient.

Therapeutic exercise after a stroke can help only in ischemic stroke, because this species is less damaging brain cells and the body there is margin for product supply.

The probability of recovery after ischemic stroke is very high with the right rehabilitation approach, including physical therapy.

But physical therapy hemorrhagic stroke consists only of prevention of recurrent attacks, surgery and hematoma resorption.

Compulsory treatment of stroke includes the following several steps:

• resuscitation to save the patient's life;
• in the positive outcome of the patient is transferred to the neurological department;
• the initial stage of rehabilitation in stationary conditions;
• Rehabilitation after stroke at home.

Methods of home rehabilitation after stroke, there are many. But really positive effect they will have only a comprehensive approach.

And it is from this stage of treatment depends on the patient's full recovery after a stroke.

Treatment is complex and consists of medication and physical therapy, diet and the correct mode of the day, as well as carrying out gymnastic exercises after stroke.

What is the use of physical therapy after a stroke?

Recovering from a stroke - it is a long process that requires a lot of effort and patience. Stepwise treatment allows the body to get used to life without the further involvement of damaged neurons in the brain.

What will be included in the treatment process, in each case is decided individually, taking into account multiple factors such as damage to the area, or timeliness of the provision of medical care.

Physiotherapy after stroke at home is an integral part to prevent the development of complications and recover lost functions.

Many people post-stroke paralysis, so they are forced to spend all their time in bed. And this forced immobility for a long time will lead to serious complications. Therefore, to avoid this, you need to perform physical therapy exercises after stroke at home, the purpose of which is:

• reduction in tone;
• return functionality of hands and feet, as well as fine movements;
• prevention of hardening of muscles;
• recovery of blood circulation;
• protection of the skin.

Also, complex restorative exercises can prevent the development of the following complications:

• pressure sores on the body;
• heart failure;
• pneumonia;
• muscle atrophy;
• thrombus and embolism;
• the conversion form the arms and legs;
• spasm of the muscle groups.

Undoubtedly, the main challenge in the foreground after the attack - is the return of a lost limb sensitivity and functionality. Physical education in stroke improves microcirculation and metabolism in all parts of the body affected by the attack.

Due to the physical therapy, the patient will return the possibility to make some active movement, for example, draw or write. Also, the correct execution of the exercises at home will help to return the gift of speech and normalize the functioning of internal organs.

But the positive is only in the event that all the exercises are performed correctly.

Features of the exercise therapy for stroke

Rehabilitation depends mainly on what part of the brain affected and on the actions of the patient's mood. A very important role in the present case it decides the mood the person to recover. The more he believes in a positive outcome, the better the result.

In medicine, we know many cases when, contrary to skeptical doctors, the patient cope with the disease.

If the stroke was mild, that is, there have been only minor violations of coordination, restoration some functions using exercise therapy possible after a couple of months, and full recovery - after 3 months treatment.

More serious violations diskoordinatsionnymi different stroke with coarse palsy. In this case, gymnastic exercise after stroke at home is aimed at preserving the surviving neurons are able to perform certain functions. Full recovery happens very rarely, after long years of rehabilitation.

But thanks to the correct physical therapy after the attack, six months later, the patient will be able to partially recover, restoring the possibility of independent public service. If a stroke has led to the development of persistent neurological deficits, ie, paralysis, coma or total impairment of consciousness, then the prospects are not very bright.

The only thing you can achieve in a few years - is the ability to sit.

If the patient's consciousness after stroke is stored and it is not in a coma, then 3 days after attack it is recommended to carry out breathing exercises, which prevents the development of stagnation in lungs.

And on the fifth day it is permitted to start passive and active physical therapy. Gymnastic complex after stroke consists of simple movements of a series of banal morning exercise.

But, despite its simplicity, the regular and correct execution of these exercises will bring a positive result.

An important factor in this difficult period is to support and help loved ones. Also, do not overdo it, because the excessive load may cause damage, however, as their complete absence. And we must understand that the rehabilitation lasts for 1-2 years, and for the rest of a person's life after a stroke.

Respiratory and passive gymnastics after stroke

Breathing exercises after stroke is that the patient must make deep breaths while lying down. Moreover, the number of breaths should grow over time.

If the patient can sit and doctor it does not prohibit, the back should be straight, as much as possible by passing air into the lungs. The essence of breathing exercises is slow deep breath, respiration and second delay same slow exhalation.

After each exercise the patient should rest and see to it that has not started dizzy.

In the early days after a stroke, the patient must rest, so mobile gymnastics prohibited. But you can safely engage in passive gymnastics, which is to perform exercises other people.

It is necessary that someone loved ones or skilled worker, flexion and extension of the limbs of the patient. You should begin with the fingers paralyzed arm, and after a longer and healthier. Then you can start brush rotation in both directions. You can then move to the elbows and at the end of the shoulders.

Movements should be smooth in all directions and in circles. Likewise performed passive exercise for the legs.

Active LFK after stroke

If the patient himself can move or even sit and stand, the doctor prescribes a set of active exercises that should be done with the help of relatives or yourself. The first post-attack is the most acute and the patient is usually not able to straighten limbs muscles. While in a supine position, a person after a stroke can do the following exercises:

• eye exercises;
• cautious twists the neck;

• mounted towel over the bed, for which the patient clings and tries to work by hand, flexing it. Over time, the towel understand higher, making it difficult exercise;
• the patient should grab the back of the bed and try to go up and build on it. Ideally, in this exercise, you need to engage and the lower limbs;
• warm fingers lying alternately and simultaneously;
• development of joints at the elbows. The patient lies on his back, hands are placed along the trunk. Right arm to bend at the elbow, and in a position lower on the bed, then the same is done with the left hand. Repeat 10 times exercise;
• alternately bending the knees, keeping your feet on the bed. Make it 10 times for each leg.

If the patient can sit and stand, the doctor develops a set of exercises for stroke in a sitting and standing position.

At the same time, at any time of rehabilitation the patient should think positively, directing all their energy on healing.

Positive thinking and support of loved ones in combination with medication, physical therapy and physiotherapy can help to quickly return to normal life.

A source: https://telemedicina.one/sosudy/lechebnaya-gimnastika-posle-insulta.html

Rehabilitation after stroke: exercise exercise therapy to restore patients in Moscow

Patients after stroke need restoration of disturbed functions. Doctors Hospital Yusupov begin rehabilitation immediately after the patient's admission to hospital neurology. Rehabilitologists apply passive exercises for stroke rehabilitation that allow the prevent stiffness in the joints, improve blood circulation and prepare the patient for active movements.

Passive gymnastics hand is held in a certain sequence: from the larger to the smaller joints. Rehabilitation develops shoulder joints, bends the patient's arm in the elbow joint, performs movements in the wrist joints, clenching and unclenching a fist.

Lower limb beginning to develop, starting from the hip. Then bend the leg at the knee, ankle develop, sip stack and end joints of the fingers.

Relatives and carers can make caring for the patient can perform these exercises together.

you can do this exercise for the shoulder joint:

• the patient lies on his back, paralyzed arm extended along the body. The nurse straightens the arm at the elbow and fix it with one hand. Second hand she holds the patient's hand, raises and lowers his hand;
• then straightened the patient's arm put aside and leads to the body;
• patient straightened arm makes a circular motion;
• the patient lies on his back, paralyzed arm is abducted to 20 ° to the side. The nurse keeps patient's arm straightened, turning it inwards and outwards.

Effectively this exercise for the lower limbs:

• the patient lies on his back leg bent at the knee and hip joints. Nurse with one hand fixing the patient's leg at an angle of 90 ° and another supporting in the popliteal fossa, flexes and extends the limb;
• in the same position of the patient foot is rotated inward and outward;
• nurse with one hand fixes the patient's leg, which lies on the back, at an angle of 90 °, and the other supports under the knee. It removes the limb from the body and returns to its original position;
• the patient lies on his back with half-bent leg. Nurse, maintaining the limb in the popliteal fossa, performs a circular motion with his foot while pushing moderately in the hip.

Therapeutic exercises after stroke to restore vision

Ophthalmologists Yusupov hospital individually selected program of rehabilitation of patients after stroke with impaired view: prescribe medications, conduct exercises for the eyes, in the partner hospitals are undertaking operational intervention. Of great importance is physiotherapy, which allows to restore the impaired visual function. The exercises should be continued at home, after the patient's discharge from the hospital.

Have the patient close his eyes and delicate massage perform circular movements of eyeballs through the eyelids, barely perceptible pressing on the eyes. Then take a pencil in your hand and move it in front of the patient's eyes in different directions, then removed, then bringing it to his face. Have the patient follow the moving object, without turning his head.

If a patient has problems with peripheral vision, mark the text passage in the book of the red vertical line on the side on which the weakened eyesight.

Encourage your child to read the book, after finding his eyes red line in the beginning of the passage, in order to know where to start read if peripheral vision impaired left or to look at the red line on the right side, if the peripheral vision is lost on right.

Houses can perform exercise therapy to restore vision, including the following exercises:

• Hold one handle in the left and right and hand. Move one hand is closer, then further away from the patient and observe whether he will be able to determine which pen is closer, but what next. This will help determine if the problem with the perception of depth;
• draw a half before a geometric figure or object and ask the patient to complete the drawing of the second half;
• try to offer the patient to play in one of the computer games that include visual tracking skills.

If a patient has impaired accommodation, then over time it can fully recover. Visual field loss in most cases can not be restored, but the patient gets used to use central vision and ceases to notice this violation.

Rehabilitation after stroke at home

Exercises to restore disturbed functions should be continued at home. One of the primary tasks of the recovery period after resumption of the motor stroke is a function of the extremities. Yusupov rehab hospitals are beginning to work on the restoration of the movements from the first days after the onset of stroke.

Exercises are characterized by the following points:

• voltage and decrease in muscle tone;
• improving microcirculation;
• prevention of contractures (stiffness in the joints);
• prevention of pressure sores;
• resumption of fine movements.

All patients after severe strokes with a gross neurological deficit should help someone from loved ones, because they can not cope with such a task. It is better if a complex exercise performed 2-3 times a day, a kind of short courses, which lasted about one hour. They should not cause the patient's fatigue and severe fatigue.

Exercises in sitting position aimed at restoring the hand movements, the strengthening of the back and the preparation of the lower limbs to walking. Technique of the following:

• help the patient to sit up, he grabs the hand edge of the bed. On the inhale bend back and simultaneously pull the body into a state of tension. On the exhale, relax. Exercise is repeated 8-10 times;
• the patient sits on the bed, his feet should be the level of the body. Poochoredno raises and lowers the left and then the right lower limb several times;
• the patient sits up in bed, arm retracts. Inspiratory possible approaches blades to each other, at the same time throws back his head. On the exhale, making relaxation.

Exercises in a standing position after the expansion shown motor mode and a partial recovery of the patient. Their main aim is to restore the subtle movements to maximize the elimination of neurological disorders. Typical exercises are as follows:

• raise a matchbox on the table or on the floor;
• standing with his hands down, the patient inspiratory raises his hands above his head, at the same time stretching and standing up on the fingers. On the exhale, it relaxes, dropping his hands and bending his torso;
• flexion-extension is performed in the fist hand by means of the expander while diverting arms of the body.

speech Recovery

Neurologists and speech therapists Yusupov hospitals pay special attention to the restoration of speech after a stroke.

Recovery processes in regard to the function of speech after a stroke are much slower than motor disorders. They can last for several years.

Speech therapists are beginning to work with the patient in the neurorehabilitation unit, but the main burden in this difficult process falls on patients and their relatives.

After discharge from the hospital can not stop the occupation, despite the long absence of a pronounced effect. Sooner or later, all efforts will be rewarded with a gradual improvement in speech. In order to restore the patient's ability to self-talk, he must constantly hear it.

In the case of total loss of speech ability to restore it starts with the pronunciation of individual sounds and syllables. To do this, the patient is told of the words or phrases that are not negotiating endings. It should articulate their own. Gradually increase the amount of playable words. The final step is to repeat the speech rehabilitation of tongue twisters and rhymes.

On the development of speech ability is beneficial singing. If the patient will hear singing, and then together with loved ones try to sing it he will succeed much faster than normal speech. For the development of facial muscles is recommended to do the following exercises:

• folding the lips into a tube;
• oskalivanie teeth;
• Extending the maximum forward language;
• slight biting jaws alternately lower and upper lip;
• tongue licking the lips in both directions.

One function of the brain, which is broken as a result of stroke, is memory.

Yusupov rehab hospitals are beginning to work with the patient on the memory recovery after the abolition of the direct threat to human life and brain edema.

Medication support consists of intravenous fluids nootropics (preparations improving metabolic processes in the brain and memory). They continue to take in pill form at the stage of outpatient treatment.

Functional-rehabilitative treatment requires constant training of the brain's ability to remember. This process takes place within a few months or years.

It consists of a memory and a constant repetition numbers, certain words, verses (first the short and then longer).

It is also beneficial for memory affect board games and other activities with elements of the game, when the patient is at the same time distracted from the outside world and is concentrated on a specific action.

A source: http://yusupovs.com/articles/neurology/uprazhneniya-dlya-reabilitatsii-posle-insulta/

A set of exercises for recovery from stroke by a physical education

Violation of nutrient supply, the blood is delivered through one of the zones is cerebral stroke.

Stroke in reduced volumes supplied with oxygen and nutrition to the brain cells, so that there is paralysis of the limbs on the right or the left, numb face, difficult speech functions.

The severe form of the disease a person can fall into a coma, and stroke can cause a person's death.

After ischemic stroke people recover faster because the damaged cells in the brain lesser extent, as if they are attracted to other storage vessels that are needed to deliver the necessary food.

If the stroke is in the hemorrhagic form, the medical rehabilitation can be carried out in a small volume, since there is a danger that the again may disrupt the circulation of blood, hematoma may disappear for a longer period in comparison with other species of stroke disease.

Objectives of physical therapy at stroke manifestations

If a person had a stroke, you should engage in physical therapy in order to adapt to the self-service, to master the lost functions, to avoid the development of complications.

If a person is a long time without movement or in a coma, you may have serious consequences.

You must apply for insultnikov complex exercise therapy to avoid:

• Formed bedsores in the gluteal and back area;
• There was congestive pneumonia;
• There was a heart failure;
• Was progressing atrophic phenomenon of non-muscle;
• Form clots, which subsequently can affect vital organs;
• Appeared spazmatizm muscles.

The complex exercise stroke positively influences the microcirculatory metabolizmennye and processes in the human body which begins to slowly recover.

Returned to active movements, the man again learns to draw, write, use household items and kitchenware.

Slowly normal working process in the internal organs, ie recovering bowel and bladder function, and can also be restored in full speech.

Start of physiotherapy (physical therapy)

Start the exercise therapy and the amount of load is assigned a doctor.

It depends on:

• How extensively amazed brain department;
• To what extent is the patient with hemiparesis;
• Do oculomotor function is impaired;
• As the body passes recovery;
• How timely and full receiving treatment.

After Ischemic Stroke in acute disease can manifest itself during a 6-month period.

At this time in the affected area of ​​the brain occurs irrevocable extinction of the cells, and others should help to restore their function.

It is necessary that the body at the cellular system level remembered how to move and what to do movements that occurred restore nerve function.

A set of exercises consists of habitual movements, but it is taken into account:

• The condition of the patient;
• Can the patient himself sitting or standing;
• To what extent has lost the function of motion.

It is mandatory to 6 months the patient should undergo rehabilitation in a sanatorium or in specialized centers. Rehabilitation therapy should be repeated 2 times for annual gap.

In addition to physical therapy, wire and other treatments prescribed by the doctor and ongoing under the supervision of medical staff.

For example, the appointed oxygen baths, acupuncture performed, paralyzed muscles subjected to electrostimulation via medical devices and other special.

How to prepare for the rehabilitation of stroke

Look after stroke patients need to constantly attending with them. This function can perform one of the family members or specially hired nurse.

The procedure is repeated 2-3 hour period, so the rehabilitation process is complex and requires a lot of patience.

It is necessary to observe all things that the doctor recommends that the patient recovered as soon as possible:

Passive conduct physical rehabilitation exercises	Stroke patient moves, and a relative or carer helps him to not much strained muscles.
Carrying breathing exercises	Gymnastics combines passive movements on breathing in and out. Oxygen in large quantities can enter the brain sections, and also there is an involuntary muscle tension and relaxation area.
Conducting active exercise	Charging is carried out first in the bed, and then must walk as he walked slowly; This promotes restoration of normal life, but also reducing the occurrence of stroke in the following manifestations.

In order not to overtax the muscles, it is necessary first to repeat recovery exercises 1-2 times, and then gradually increase the number of approaches is necessary. Between performing gymnastics make a break for one hour.

Procedure is carried out in 2-3 hours; body roll from right to left, so that was not hypostasis, that is, did not stand the blood and did not appear bedsores.

passive exercise

Conducting passive exercise possible when insultnikov muscles ready for physical activity. Training is carried out during the massage of hands, feet and body.

To massage was carried out correctly, you should follow some rules:

• Massage gently with circular movements;
• Movement should be implemented from the bottom up, from the hands hands to the shoulder portion of the foot to the shin area;
• The back is massaged using tapping and pinching;
• The pectoral muscles are warming up, starting with the center of the chest towards the underarm area.

After the massage stroke patients can perform physical therapy, even at home.

legs bending the wires so that later it was followed by an independent straightening, after she will pass on the bed surface. This will help restore motor memory.

Unbend the lower limbs	Like the previous performed the following exercise. Assistant leg bent at the knee, and it extends the patient himself.
Paralyzed limbs hung with a towel or a wide elastic band, and then follows them to rotate full circle.	Flexion, extension arms and legs, as well as allocating them to the side is carried out by means of suspension. At a stroke the day such exercise to be performed 1 time for 30 minutes.
Raise and lower the arm	For the development of the shoulder joint lowered and raised his hand, carried her flexion and extension.
It is very important to carry out kneading the muscles of the hand	Gymnastics is held by compression of the fingers in a fist and a release. Performing 10 times.
To develop fine motor hand, we need to take small amounts of items.	Objects placed in insultnika hand and help them keep holding your fingers.

Unless otherwise clinician set of exercises performed 2 times a day, when there will improve the patient's condition, 3 times - during the 30-40 minute time.

Conducting exercises to improve mental processes

When ischemic stroke during the rehabilitation period necessary to carry out exercises to improve mental processes. It helps to restore the function of speech, as well as the nerve endings of brain department after suffering a stroke, the work which is carried out in sending commands to muscles throughout the human system body.

Patients with a large number of times repeated commands for hands or feet. When the paralysis of the vocal apparatus commanded by relatives of the patient or caregiver. What exercises help restore speech, you can see in the pictures below.

How to develop a leg and arm

This question should be solved in the complex.

First it is necessary to perform the following independent movements for 15-20 times of hands:

1. First, use, and then self-bend and unbend fingers hands in the form of a fist.
2. Clenching a fist, making circular motions with his hands in the one and then the other side, bending the arm at the wrist joint.
3. Flexion and extension of the arm at the elbow.
4. Lie on your back, slowly raised and lowered, the load goes to the shoulder joints.
5. Do hands mahi 5-10 times in each direction.

Exercises for the feet

You can exercise to strengthen the legs to do during the observance of strict bed rest and continue when the patient can sit up.

In this case, the patient should not be tired, so you can start with 2-3 times and bring gradually to 18-20.

1. Flexion and extension of the toes.
2. Pull up socks, pointing to himself, then pull back.
3. Slowly bend, straighten the knee.
4. Take the foot in the direction of rotation, it must be running the joint hips.

Exercises for muscles of the body

Lie on your back, do the exercises from 5 to 10 times:

1. Rolling from one side to the other, should make turns.
2. Lift the pelvis, pushing his shoulders, feet and back of the head with the help of the elbows.
3. Stretch the abdominal muscles and then do exercises, lifting and lowering the body in its upper part.

The development of motor function of other parts of the body

Gymnastics is held and for the restoration of facial expression.

In order to prevent the phenomenon of lowered century should be carried out exercises to restore paralyzed functionality, repeating from 5 to 7 approaches at a time:

1. Move your eyes over, and then down and to each side.
2. Description eye circles in each direction.
3. Blink and contraction of eyelids for 3-4 seconds.

To strengthen the neck muscles, you need to:

1. Slowly rotate your head in one direction and then in another direction.
2. To emphasize the back of the head in the surface of the pad, and then be relaxed.

Stroke is lost self-service function that you want to restore.

Specialists for recovery of fine motor skills are advised the following exercises:

1. Small objects put in a large container. This may be nuts, buttons, pencils and others.
2. Shifting the paralyzed arm from the tank into another bowl.

You can lay out the puzzles, collect puzzle or pyramid, play lotto.

Execution of standing exercises

If the patient is already able to stand and walk slowly, the exercises are performed more times, you can use other types. First is that simple, then gradually move on to more complex.

Simple exercises:

1. Tightened, while describing a circular movement arms, controlling respiration.
2. Alternately roll from toe to heel, thus it is necessary to strain your calf muscles.
3. Make turns body.
4. Sit down, and the heel should not come off the floor.
5. Performing swings alternating legs forward, then sideways.
6. Performing lunges forward, the weight is transferred to the leg that is exposed forward.

Increased load includes:

1. Stretch, the hands concatenated in a castle.
2. Swing your legs, holding a bed or chair.
3. Bend forward, the legs should be stretched and placed wider than shoulder width.
4. Execution of the circular rotation in the shoulder joint, first forward and then backward.
5. Run arbitrary jumps.

Exercises must end with walking in place, and then should be deep breaths for about 5 minutes.

What are the simulators help in improving

When the patient's condition improves, begin to engage on simulators. They contribute to the restoration of motor function of the muscles, strengthen weakened tissue region, a voltage reduction in the muscular system. Action simulators can be adjusted by selecting the optimal mode.

Contraindications

rehabilitation patient can be limited. It all depends on the condition of the patient.

It is impossible to carry out physical activity, if:

1. The patient is in a coma.
2. Mentally change the behavior of, the patient becomes aggressive.
3. When recurrent stroke in the elderly.
4. There were epileptic symptoms in extremities cramps.
5. In severe form of diabetes, tuberculosis, malignant and benign tumors.

A source: https://moyakrov.info/info/lfk-posle-insulta