Why disrupted sperm morphology and how is it treated?

Research on sperm morphology: rules and recommendations for improvement

The ability of man to conceive affect a variety of factors, the most important of which is the qualitative and quantitative composition of the seed. In order to determine the composition of the used diagnostic method, called semen analysis. The method allows to reveal any form of pathology of sperm and determine the cause of infertility.

In addition to determining the ability of male germ cells to fertilize, semen analysis may reveal the presence of diseases of the male urogenital system, which also has important effects on fertility.

The term "sperm morphology" means the study of male germ cells to meet their anatomically normal. In the study of semen attention to the structure of the head, body and tail of the sprmatozoida.

The sperm composition may contain a certain percentage of atypical germ cells, and the higher this percentage, the lower the male's ability to fertilize. Sperm morphology was evaluated using a method called "semen at Kruger."

Today - this technique is considered to be the main, it is used quite often and is considered the most informative.

Male sex cells - sperm - is composed of three component parts: head, body and tail.

Each component has its own specific features and requires the cell in order to allow it to long remain viable and possessed the ability to rapid motion within the female reproductive system.

For example, at the head of the sperm is the entire set of chromosomal components, which will be transferred to the child's paternal.

In addition, the head portion has a specific enzyme composition, whereby the shell dissolves female reproductive cells during introduction into it of the sperm. sperm body in the form of cellular mitochondria is the source of energy reserve cells and the tail part is needed for the motor function.

In anatomically healthy male reproductive cells should be available all three components. The head of the sperm has a slightly elongated rounded shape, a neck of land at the junction of the head to the body should be thin.

Tail cell division - smooth, its thickness is unchanged over the entire section. The longer length of the tail head region separated in a ratio of about 10: 1.

Any deviation from the normal structure of the sperm can be clearly seen when examining with a microscope. Cells exhibiting abnormal development, are those which have the following morphological characteristics:

• tail portion violation thickness of the cage;
• is too large or too small length of the tail of the sperm;
• tail portion can be twisted or bent at right angles, which eliminates its mobility;
• the structure of the sperm tail may have a forked appearance;
• in sperm may be two warheads;
• the head portion can be excessively large or too small compared with the norm;
• the cage may be no tail or head portion;
• on sperm body can be detected by the absence of the cell wall;
• instead of chromatin structure in cells can howl vacuole;
• chromatin cells may have an atypical structure;
• too small area of ​​the acrosome.

If the semen analysis found sperm, who have such atypical symptoms, it means that the fertility in men reduced or absent altogether.

In recent years, the rate of decline in male fertility is increasingly worrisome doctors.

The negative impact of the environment, frequent stress, addiction to bad habits, poor nutrition, sedentary lifestyle - all this affects the overall health and does not pass in vain for sex cells.

In addition to external causes, perpetrators of impaired sperm morphology can be called internal (exogenous) factors:

• undergone surgical intervention or trauma to the testicles, which is the body that can produce seminal fluid;
• inguinal hernia;
• effects of high doses of ionizing radiation in the treatment of cancer;
• spermatic cord veins in which blood flow is disturbed testes and their normal functioning (A condition called a varicocele, and to treat it very often necessary surgery intervention);
• diseases of the male reproductive glands (prostate), which can be caused by infectious inflammatory foci (prostatitis) or associated with neoplastic processes (prostate adenoma);
• endocrine diseases where there is failure of the hormonal balance in which runningaway cells with normal morphology is disturbed;
• bacterial or viral infection of the urogenital system.

Inguinal gryzhaVospalenie prostate

In studying the causes of the violation of the morphological structure of male sperm specialists have found that free radicals are able to change the structure of germ cells at different stages of their formation, as well as able to destroy and already mature viable cells.

In order to explore the seminal ejaculate at Kruger, it should be collected in a sterile container. Obtain material for analysis by a man have to masturbation.

Before you start collecting ejaculate, you need to carefully wash your hands and genitals, including the groin, using detergents.

Container for collecting semen should also be clean: impaired sterility may distort results of the analysis.

During the collection of the material is necessary to try not to lose even a small part of the ejaculate, and if the first time it It does not work, the collection of semen is necessary to carry out again, but this would be possible only after week. Such strict collection technique based on the fact that the percentage of the considered typical and atypical cells on the basis of the total volume of semen released during sexual intercourse, and underestimation of the volume will produce biased results.

The process of putting the semen is preceded by a certain preparatory stage, which is to at least three days to avoid contact with toxic materials and substances, including alcohol, smoking, drugs. In addition, a week before the analysis is necessary to exclude sexual intercourse. This is to ensure that in the urethra was not present microflora partner.

If a man is undergoing hormone replacement therapy, the semen analysis done by Kruger is possible only through Six months after the end of this course, so that the body has had time to recover your natural hormonal balance.

According to the rules of preparation for the analysis of the collection of material is not carried out at the time of kidney disease, accompanied by an inflammatory process - only after 10 days of recovery can be planned semen analysis.

The same rules apply to colds.

The collected material must be sent to study no later than one hour after its receipt, so his collection is usually carried out in a special laboratory room.

To evaluate the test results for Kruger accepted norm is compared with the test material, after which it is concluded as a percentage of the number of viable sperm. Deciphering analysis will contain such data:

• ejaculate volume quantity - say a normal amount of volume from 2.5 x to 5 milliliters;
• Sperm color - quality ejaculate always white, sometimes it can be a bit grayish;
• thinning rate - normal sperm count time liquefy within 15 minutes;
• level of pH (acidity) - ejaculate pH indicators can be in the range from 7.5 to 8.0;
• number of cells in the first milliliter of - number of spermatozoa in 1 ml of the test ejaculate is normally from 30 to 110-minute million;
• the total number of sperm cells - in the delivered test ejaculate normally found on the 45-to 650-ti million cells;
• sperm motility - normal sperm motility;

• cell morphology - comparing the number of healthy sperm anatomically with respect to the abnormal, while the normal rate of 40-60 consider the percentage of morphologically normal sperm;
• spermatogenesis - may be present in the sperm young immature sperm;
• agglutinated sperm - healthy sperm does not contain them;

agglutinated sperm

• leukocyte cells - not more than a few units;
• erythrocytic cells - need not be present;
• amyloid cells - do not happen in a normal ejaculate;

amyloid corpuscles

• lecithin grains - are not in sperm quality;
• mucus - there are no standards, but normal sperm contain mucus should not.

lecithin grains

When calculating the percentage of abnormal cell mass cells to pay special attention to, who do not have a head, since in this part of the sperm contains all the genetic material transmitted man its offspring.

Sometimes it may be that the morphological analysis looks normal, the appropriate standards of the World Health Organization (WHO), but pregnant partner still can not.

To understand the causes of pathological fertility, men spend an additional diagnosis - MAP-test. With this test reveal causes agglutination of sperm when two cages are glued particular protein enzyme together.

Such defects sperm leads to the fact that they lose their ability to move.

To determine the number of morphologically typical and atypical cells use a small amount of ejaculate, which is applied to a special glass. Ready-dried by smears stained with specific reagents (Nigrosine and eosin) stained sample and to conduct studies of sperm count under the microscope.

When determining the presence or absence of agglutination of sperm in a meaningful form indicate type (which parts are glued cells) and used five values ​​corresponding to the degree of pathology.

The first value is labeled "-" sign - it means that there is no sperm agglutination, and the remaining 4 are marked by "+" to "++++" will indicate that there is an anomaly in which the ability to move the sperm is reduced or there is full of immobility.

For improvement of semen a man must undergo a medical examination, and to find the causes of the deterioration of the composition of his sperm. To increase the mobility of sperm, it is necessary to restore hormonal disorders, cure inflammation of the urogenital system organs, check the condition of the prostate gland and testes.

In addition, it is necessary to pay attention to issues such as the elimination of his life smoking alcoholism, exposure to any form of harmful emissions, as well as chemical and toxic substances. Doctors do not know a single example of life, when, after the elimination of adverse factors of sperm quality improved significantly.

Raise fertile ability of sperm to help drugs and supplements that improve the overall tone and the immune status of the body, vitamins and minerals, biological stimulants.

It is necessary to eliminate the stress, sedentary lifestyle, stop wearing tight underwear. In addition, it is important for men to have an active regular sexual activity with the frequency of acts of at least 3-4 per week.

The diet should contain components such as nuts, dairy products, vegetables, fruits, animal protein, fish.

Experts advise men on a regular basis, at least once a year to examine the pelvic organs and to take swabs of urethral channel for infections, sexually transmitted diseases.

Timely response to disruptions of the reproductive system to help prevent male infertility, if this issue will be given due attention.

It is also necessary to remember that the treatment of infectious diseases must be carried out by both partners at the same time followed by the surrender of control analyzes.

In most cases, improve the quality and quantity of sperm parameters is quite possible in a relatively short period of time - with high-quality treatment and the right lifestyle.

On what parameters are important semen to get pregnant, see in the following video.

A source: https://vrach365.ru/beremennost/planirovanie/dlya-muzhchin/morfologiya-spermatozoidov/

Head Pathology semen

head pathology - a relatively common cause of infertility in men, which can detect semen. It is a violation of the morphological structure of the sperm head.

Along with variations in the appearance and structure of the neck and the tail, head pathology generally caused by hormonal disorders, infections, addictions, bad ecology, trauma is the cause for the diagnosis of "theratozoospermia" (ugly sperm).

Abnormal structure thus should have more than half (or rather more than 80%) all sperm.

This anomaly is divided into several types: microcephaly, macrocephaly (diagnosed at disturbances proportions and size of the head), round, pear-shaped, conical shape of the head 2 and a head instead of one head acrosome pathology (e.g., its asymmetric position).

The higher the percentage of spermatozoa with similar disorders, the likelihood of problems with conception, the flow of gestation, neonatal health.

Semen analysis and its interpretation

When the diagnosis of "infertility" thorough medical examination are both partners. To diagnose possible problems in men is crucial semen. Semen - a microscopic examination of semen, conducted in the following cases:

• difficulties with natural conception in couples,
• assuming a donation,
• a planned conception, if the couple want to make their own health;
• when sperm freezing,
• during IVF, ICSI.

Semen can indicate the presence of a small percentage of defective male germ cells in normal healthy ejaculate reproductively men.

structure Pathology normal spermatozoa according to WHO should not exceed 50%.

Chances of conception fall apart if this problem spermogramma shows a small volume of semen (less than 1 ml), a small number of movable, live spermatozoa antibody, erythrocytes.

Poor semen analysis does not always prevent getting pregnant, but the head of the pathology may affect the future health of the baby, if the egg is fertilized by sperm that way.

How bad semen affect fertility?

Conceptually, one healthy sperm can fertilize the egg. But naturally capable of fertilization of sperm should not be less than 15 million. a sufficient amount of an ejaculate (from 2-2.5 ml). For conception is sufficient, and 500-700 thousand.

Since only full-fledged sperm can pass rigorous selection in the aggressive acidic conditions cervical mucus of women and then penetrate into the upper part of the cervical canal to reach, finally, its goal.

If the normal in all respects, including without heads violations of spermatozoa in the ejaculate is less than 15%, invitro fertilization can be very difficult (two-headed, with too large or small head sperm can not penetrate the membrane of the female reproductive cells).

Although, in the opinion of individual women, they were able to conceive naturally, even in the presence of 90% deformed sperm in the semen. But in general, the probability of such pregnancy and birth of a healthy child if his father have such a pathology, is practically zero.

Causes

Pathology head, as in other parts of a male germ cell can be triggered by one or a group of negative factors, among which are distinguished:

• problems with the hormonal background of a man;
• congenital genetic disease;
• chromosomal disruptions, including age;
• viral and other infections;
• acute and chronic inflammatory processes;
• various diseases, which can affect the occurrence of incorrect and formation of defective spermatozoa (e.g., varicocele);
• constant radiation exposure;
• other negative environmental factors;
• addictions: alcohol, smoking, drugs;
• testicular injury, the penis;
• stress, nervous stress.

Treatment

This pathology, as a rule, has no single medical treatment. Poor semen analysis points to the need to address the reasons which have caused it. The formation of abnormal forms of sperm may be due to inflammation of the genital organs. In this case, you must first remove the inflammation.

If the abnormality was caused by an imbalance of hormones, the doctor will prescribe hormone therapy. When varicocele shown surgery. Experience shows that after the surgical removal of varicose veins of the testes, spermatic semen improved, and with it increase the chances of conceiving a couple.

In addition to eliminating the direct causes, useful for sperm quality administration of drugs containing the specific amino acid, as well as vitamins, micro- and macrocells.

Strengthening immunity and a diet rich in zinc, iodine, selenium, and folic acid can prevent the formation of spermatozoa with wrong head. It is important to regularly eat honey, bee products, for example, to eat 0.5 teaspoon of bee pollen every day.

At the time of treatment, and it is better for all, the husband should completely give up bad habits, to avoid a lot of stress leave from work in hazardous environments.

If abnormal spermatogenesis is incurable, the best time to have recourse to technology ICSI, IVF.

The pathology of the head and folk remedies treatment

In the pathology of the head, preventing conception, try replacing regular tea to herbal.

Brew currant leaves - they are rich not only ascorbic acid, but the B9, and this vitamin, as mentioned above, it helps to normalize the production of healthy sperm.

Drink a currant tea with or without sugar 200-250 ml three times a day for a month. If the sperm parameters do not improve after 30-40 days, you can resort to the following means.

Eat more foods from pumpkin porridge, mashed potatoes, dried pumpkin. Drink a glass of fresh, canned, evaporated (but not the store) pumpkin juice in the morning and evening. This tool can be used in unlimited amounts without fear of complications or side effects.

2 weeks can drink a decoction of nettle leaves, birch and psyllium. To use the medicine you need in the morning on an empty stomach and then 2 more times before a meal with 300 ml each day.

A diet focused on B9

Eat nuts, liver, seafood, and fish, choose salmon, tuna, dark-green foliage (especially lean on spinach and parsley). Eat asparagus, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, carrots, milk, beef, chicken mutton. Of herbs in addition to consume currant mint. Groats and meal are also useful.

A source: https://ekoaist.ru/muzhskoe-besplodie/patologiya-golovki-spermogramma.html

The morphology of spermatozoa

The morphology of sperm - a method study sperm microscope for anatomical conformity according to the WHO. The seminal fluid contains a certain percentage of sperm with a deviation from the norm.

This may be the anatomical abnormality of sperm body, his head, tail. Only with the help of sperm with normal morphology and activity can fertilize the egg.

The greater the deviation, the lower the probability of conception.

The structure of the sperm

Normal sperm without deviation consists of the body, head and tail. Each element performs its function, which does not allow him to die at fertilization, to move quickly on the fallopian tube and remain viable.

The head is the nucleus, which carries the genetic set of paternal chromosomes. In addition, it contains special enzymes that can dissolve the egg shell.

• Body through the mitochondrial gives energy for the tail of sexual gametes.
• The tail helps the movement of the sperm. The optimal speed of motion varies from 25 to 30 cm in 60 minutes. In the acidic environment of the sperm die. Others move into the uterus and fallopian tubes.
• The head laid the genetic set of chromosomes, which will have a future child. In it there are special enzymes that act on the dissolution of the female egg shell.

What is the norm?

A healthy sexual gametes clearly distinguish all three parts (head, tail and body). Enlightening head reaches 50-70% .Golovka may be brief, the plasma membrane can be seen in some cases. The sizes of all elements of the sperm must meet the medical standards.

pathology of sperm

• Area acrosomal zone below the norm, varies from 0 to 40%.
• Several heads asymmetry acrosome region of chromatin in the form of a cube, and so on. D.

If a defect of sperm with abnormal morphology located in the neck or body, it changes its shape.

• For example, the bent neck leads to the formation of a right angle between the body and tail.
• The middle part is fixed to the asymmetrical head - uneven thickening of the body.
• Body mitochondrial sheath may be absent.

When defects tail is too short or long rates. The semen can fall sexual gamete tail with varying thickness across the length tilted tail; with a tail positioned at an angle greater than 90 degrees to the body. Sperm can be several anomalies.

• Perhaps a complete lack tsitoplasticheskoy membrane or her area occupies too small a size and a percentage much smaller than the accepted norm.
• Pathologies can consist in the complete absence of a tail or twisting.
• Abnormalities in the structure is easily visible under a microscope.
• Sometimes a man has found a large amount of sperm in the semen with a small head (globozoospermiya).
• In some cases, the fragile connection tail with the body at the site of the basal plate head is separated and destroyed.

The reasons leading to anomalies

1. Defects often occur due to abnormalities of the testes and their inability to produce sperm of the desired quality. This manifests itself after trauma, surgery, hernia in the groin after in cancer chemotherapy.
2. Manifestations of varicocele, or varicose veins of the spermatic cord also may adversely affect the morphology of spermatozoa. Varicocele Effect on sexual gamete production process with abnormal deviations not been studied.

   But most of the problems with the structure and defects in sperm there is in men suffering from this disease.

3. Disruption of the normal structure of the germ cells is after inflammatory processes, including prostatitis, for virus and sexually transmitted diseases.
4. endocrine diseases can also indirectly affect the deviation from the norm of the structure of sperm. In this case decreases the number allocated seminal fluid.

Recommendations for sperm delivery

Delivery of seminal fluid on the morphology of sperm in men occurs with just masturbation. It can not be used for this purpose unfinished intercourse or other ways of obtaining sperm. To facilitate the delivery of semen special room equipped with a screen for watching movies with erotic content or similar magazines.

By analyzing previously prepared:

• 1-2 weeks before the semen reduce the amount of physical activity;
• It is not necessary to perform sexual acts for 3-7 days prior to the date of delivery of the seed;
• One week before the analysis is not suitable for saunas, reception of a hot water bath;
• Do not smoke and drink alcohol;
• For 14-21 days should give up all medications and supplements.

Sometimes held two deposit semen. The second time the analysis is performed in the same way. Repeated spermogramma may be performed by other methods and decrypted by other parameters.

The analysis begins immediately, it should take no more than 3 hours from the time of delivery of the seminal fluid. Otherwise, the results may be inaccurate. Through laboratory tests and tests possible to identify the absence or presence of inflammation and other factors leading to infertility.

Normal laboratory study with

• The volume of semen varies from 2 to 5 ml. If it is less, then it indicates oligospermia, prostate inflammation. When inflammation sperm 2/3 consists of mucus.
• semen acidity. Normal ranges in terms of 7, 6 to 8. If sperm has high acidity, something is inflammation of the testicles or prostate.
• The dissolution time of the seminal fluid. Normal sperm consistency: viscous, diluted for 15 minutes. If this is longer, the reduced ability to fertilize the partner.
• Colour. Standard color: white. The presence of yellow or greenish tint indicates the presence of inflammation. A transparency of semen shows that the number of sperm in it less than normal.
• Morphological analysis is based on two types. The first considers only the structure of the sexual gametes for compliance with standards of WHO, taking into account the head of the sperm. The second method is called the sperm morphology by Kruger, analyzes the shape and appearance of the sperm. It is carried out under strict WHO criteria, it is done only in the study of modern hospitals equipped with special equipment.

Treatment with poor morphology

Before treatment should undergo a series of tests and procedures to identify the causes of deviations. This ultrasound male organs, semen analysis, blood analysis on hormones, semen analysis bacterioscopic. On the basis of the research doctor will make a treatment program.

Physical activity

It is also important for a man to move more. This will help eliminate congestion in the pelvic area. To do this, you must quit bad habits and exercise. The best sports for the prevention of stagnation in the pelvis: swimming in the pool, jogging and walking.

Food

Diet plays an important role in the proper formation of sperm. It will help change and improve the morphology of spermatozoa. For this it is necessary to supplement their diet with vitamins and micronutrients (zinc, selenium, etc.).

Minimize fried dishes, to enrich the seafood menu with fruits, vegetables, honey. The doctor may prescribe a special vitamin complexes, improve reproductive function.

A source: https://stojak.ru/besplodie/morfologiya-spermatozoidov.html

Laboratory examination of seminal fluid

Poor semen in men is revealed in rare cases. Seminal fluid changes its options for many reasons. Especially this parameter is important in the identification of problems with conception in married couples.

It is planned to send the family on a number of studies. A woman's ability to detect ovulation, hormonal and flotation tubes. For a man, you must have a good semen analysis and hormonal.

What kind of figure

Secretory liquid must have a certain viscosity and composition. If one of the broken, the conception is impossible.

Sperm cells must have the correct structure and rectilinear mobility. Find out is possible only in the laboratory by placing the semen under a microscope.

Sperm cells are divided into several types. To do this, they are divided according to the form and amount of mobility. There are four basic types:

• Cells having the correct structure and rectilinear mobility;
• Sperm, regular shape, but moving in a circle;
• Spermatozoa with various pathologies in the structure;
• Dead germ cells.

In the body of the man always has all four types of gametes. Proper sperm has a head, neck, middle office and tail. If one of these parameters is changed, then it belongs to the third type of germ cells.

For the full conception sperm has to move forward. Even if the cell has a regular shape, it can not have motor activity, or moves in a circle. Such cells can not fertilize an egg, and the conception is unlikely to become possible.

The body of a healthy male sperm of different types must be present in varying amounts. The first type of sperm in a healthy representative of the stronger sex account for 70% of the total volume of ejaculate. If this amount is reduced, the fertile ability of the patient is reduced.

the second type of germ cells should not exceed 40% of the total number of sperm. This number also include a third type of cell. Dead sperm can not be more than 15%.

Preparation for analysis

By spermogramme man should be prepared well in advance. To do this, he must observe the following rules:

• Sexual rest;
• Proper nutrition;
• Do not visit the bath and sauna;
• Personal hygiene;
• Avoiding alcohol.

One week before the analysis of the patient should observe complete sexual rest. This is necessary to determine the length of life of the sperm. The average period of the sexual life of the cell lasts 3-5 days.

This is due to the fact that the sperm can reach the egg in the female body at once. He continues to maintain vital functions of another 2-3 days.

If this rule is not followed, the number of dead sperm will be much less. Such an analysis is not informative.

Proper nutrition is necessary for the development of healthy and viable germ cells. If a man is abusing fatty and fried foods, the cells become inactive and die.

Sperm can not tolerate the temperature drop. No wonder men's scrotum is placed outside of the internal organs. The cells were quickly killed by heating or cooling. A visit to the baths or saunas should be discontinued 5 days prior to the date of semen.

A man should strictly observe good personal hygiene. If the penis are damaged in any way, then without timely cleansing the skin, the body can get pathogens. Microbes cause inflammation of the pelvic organs and impair semen evidence.

Germ cells are very sensitive to alcohol and nicotine. Alcohol-containing drinks cause massive loss of sperm and reduce their metabolic period. Drinking alcohol should be discontinued for 3-5 days prior to the date of analysis.

pathology Causes

Poor performance at spermogramme occur in men due to various reasons. There are a number of factors affecting the composition of the semen:

• Genetic diseases;
• Irregular food habits;
• Shallow physical activity;
• Chronic diseases of the pelvic organs;
• Diabetes;
• Venereal diseases;
• External influence.

Genetic diseases lead to bad heredity. If the older generation had problems with conception, the younger family members will have poor semen parameters. Treatment of this disease should be under the control of genetics.

Irregular food habits lead to a deterioration of the overall health of men in the modern world. Germ cells lose their activity when consuming fried and fatty foods, fast food and alcohol.

Physical human activity can significantly change the data semen. If a man has a sedentary lifestyle, prolonged stays in a sitting posture, he has the blood circulation is disrupted.

The blood ceases to flow in sufficient quantity to the pelvic organs. The prostate gland is not enough oxygen, and loses the ability to produce the required amount of healthy sperm.

Indicators men deteriorate.

The most dangerous for semen diseases of the pelvic organs, and diabetes mellitus. Inflammatory pathology of entail a change in the development of sex cells and hormones. In these patients, a frequent diagnosis - impotence.

Diabetes mellitus affects the diseased state of the vascular system of the peripheral parts of the body. walls of blood vessels lose their elasticity, become thin and brittle.

Blood ceases to flow in sufficient quantity and there is a deterioration in spermogramme.

External factors depend on the conditions of life of men. The modern world offers a range of equipment. Computer and mobile radiation is dangerous for the state of men's health. Many people carry a mobile phone in his trouser pocket.

Radiation propagates in the groin area. Under the influence of harmful rays of the body appear sperm with the wrong structure. It is dangerous for the future generation.

A child conceived such a cell can have a number of genetic diseases and health problems.

What pathology revealed

The poor performance of semen can develop for various reasons. Doctors detected the following changes of semen:

• Poor sperm;
• Viscosity ejaculate secretion;
• Number of cells per ml of liquid.

If the volume of the ejaculate is sowed more than 50% of pathogenic germ cells, that a man can not have children. On fertility and viscosity affect secretion of ejaculate.

If the fluid has a higher density, the sperm can not move actively and quickly perish in the cervix. Too liquid fluid secretion is also bad.

Germ cells in this fluid are distributed over a long distance, it is difficult to reach the egg.

Of particular importance physicians attach sperm pH indicator. Normal environment for sperm is salty. The woman in the vagina acidic environment increased. If the secret is the other indicators, the uterus microflora would adversely affect the viability of sperm. In medicine, there is such a thing as "incompatibility".

Such pairs are the death of germ cells in the cervix. Modern medicine has learned to deal with this problem. The woman set the period of ovulation when the egg is released from the ovaries. At this time, the woman introduced a special drug that alters the pH of its microflora.

Spermatozoa pass rapidly through the cervix, increasing the chances of conception.

Treatment

The poor performance of semen is not a sentence. The physician is necessary to identify the reasons for which the decreased number of active spermatozoa. After identifying the problem of the patient prescribe. Therapy with poor semen analysis includes the following activities:

• Drug treatment;
• Physiological effect;
• Proper nutrition.

Drug treatment is carried out under the strict supervision of a specialist. The doctor chooses the treatment depending on the cause. Many patients are prescribed concomitant medications.

For him, it is necessary to take drugs such as: "Spemoton", "Speman" and others. These products are based on herbal substances. The combination of these elements leads to an improvement of spermatogenesis in men.

The drugs must be taken at least three months to achieve a positive result of planning.

Physical activity should be carried out under the supervision of a sports coach. To improve semen evidence is necessary to increase cardiac workload. In this case the patient is monitored heart rate, which should not exceed 150 beats per minute. Increased physical activity helps to increase blood flow in the vessels, and enhances the nutrition of tissues.

Caution patient should take power. When bad assays a man should consult a dietitian who will help you choose a suitable diet. When bad men semen analysis is recommended to pay attention to the following products:

• Various seafood;
• Walnuts;
• Milk products;
• Beekeeping gifts;
• Spinach and parsley.

Seafood leaders in the number of substances that improve performance analysis. Especially those boasts an oyster. It is used as a natural aphrodisiac since ancient times. If a man can not buy mussels, they can be replaced by mussels. The patient should consume at least 100 g of finished product.

Walnuts are composed of a substance is a natural testosterone replacement. It helps to significantly improve reading semen and male potency. Many doctors recommend eating nuts together with honey. This mixture fills the human body with the necessary vitamins and trace elements, helps restore hormonal balance.

Recently, experts from all over the world pay great attention to eat spinach and parsley. Greens rich in natural antioxidants and androgens. These substances increase the content of testosterone in the male body. Testosterone affects the production of healthy sperm. Semen parameters improved.

If a man was disappointing tests of semen, then he should not despair. Medics help understand the causes of the disease and will pick up the necessary treatment.

A source: http://DoktorSos.com/andrologija/fertilnost/ploxaya-spermogramma.html

Sperm morphology - how to improve performance?

The analysis indicated semen color, its viscosity, liquefaction time, the presence of agglutination (gluing) of sperm. Another indicating the detection of white blood cells and bacteria.

Determined by the qualitative composition, the activity, the morphology of the sperm, which show the chances, opportunities men fertilize the egg. When the indicators do not correspond to normal, revealed changes in the morphology of semen - sperm quality requires improvement.

What does it mean poor semen?

Poor semen is considered, which points to the inadequacy of semen for artificial insemination. There may be many reasons: poor morphology semen, ejaculate volume reduction, low sperm motility or aggregation.

Even with sperm morphology disturbances in the assays, a man can impregnate a woman. But the worse its results, the lower the chances of achieving pregnancy.

Below are listed the basic parameters of semen from their normal values.

Let's start with a description of the physical characteristics.

• Volume. Norm is the volume of 1.5 ml or more after 3-5 days of sexual abstinence. With a smaller amount of sperm to conceive a child is unlikely.
• Liquefaction time. There should be no more than 60 minutes. If the semen is diluted longer, it indicates prostate dysfunction.
• Viscosity. Laboratory raises sperm stick and watching how long the thread is formed. OK - no more than 2 cm. The standard height of the thread in most men - 0.5-1 cm.
• The acidity (pH). Uninformative indicator. May change due to inflammatory processes, but also depends on the supply of physical activities other lifestyle features. Normally sperm pH - not less than 7.2.
• The color and smell. Specified in deciphering the semen, but have no clinical significance. The effect of the color or smell of sperm on male fertility have not been established.

The morphology of spermatozoa in this step is not investigated. Further laboratory studies the sperm under the microscope. This is one of the most important stages of the study. He gives the most information about what sperm morphology.

Key figures are defined:

• concentration of sperm per milliliter semen - normally not less than 15 mln / ml;
• total sperm count - from 40 m;
• viability (percentage of living sperm) - not less than 58%;
• agglutination - absent (if present, also indicates the region and the degree of agglutination);
• aggregation of sperm - is absent;
• spermatogenic cells (immature sperm) - 2 to 4%;
• white blood cells - may be up to 1 million / ml, all that says more about the active inflammation;
• macrophages (a type of leukocytes) - none;
• amyloid corpuscles - no;
• erythrocytes (evidence of blood enters the sperm) - no;
• lecithin grain - a lot.

At this stage it is possible to notice some changes in the morphology of the sperm, for example, double tail, or improperly formed acrosome. But it is best to study sperm morphology after staining smear.

Also the doctor assesses sperm motility.

According to this indicator, they are divided into 4 categories, marked with the Latin letters:

• And - with rapid forward movement.
• B - with a slow forward movement.
• C - (moving in place) without forward movement.
• D - fixed male sex cells.

Normally, the number of spermatozoa category A should be 32% or greater, A + B - 40%. Category C and D is also indicated as a percentage. They are not able to fertilize eggs, so the fewer sperm, the better.

It is also determined by the morphology of spermatozoa. The percentage of morphologically normal forms to be 4% or higher. To study the morphology of the sperm as well used method of Kruger.

If there is a poor morphology, pathological forms is a percentage number of spermatozoa with head pathology, flagellum, neck, as well as sperm with cytoplasmic droplet. To improve sperm quality, you need to know what specific indicators are violated and for what reason.

A source: https://altravita-ivf.ru/stati/167-chto-delat-esli-plokhaya-spermogramma.html