Diarrhea with chickenpox in children

Diarrhea or diarrhea in common parlance is a symptom of many pathological conditions of the body.

The danger is that it can cause dehydration (dehydration) to varying degrees. The symptom is especially severe in young children.

Different types of diarrhea occur in many diseases and conditions.

A fairly harmless reason for loose stools can be the use of laxative products, for example, plums, beets, kefir. But diarrhea can be a symptom of serious illness.

Within the framework of this article, we will consider: the causes and types of diarrhea; whether there is diarrhea with chickenpox; treatment.

Chickenpox and diarrhea: symptoms treatment

Chickenpox (Varicella in Latin) or chickenpox is an anthroponous viral disease transmitted from a sick person by airborne droplets.

Acute disease is caused by viruses of the varicella-zoster (Varicella Zoster) Herpesviridae family.

Outside the body, in the external environment, viruses are poorly adapted to survival. They die quickly (8-15 minutes) when the air temperature rises, in the sun, under the influence of ultraviolet rays.

Basically, the disease manifests itself in children. Almost one hundred percent susceptibility to the virus and the corresponding immunity indicates that people who have recovered in childhood do not become infected again.

The disease develops on average 15 days. The disease can occur in children and adults in different ways. People in the older age group suffer the disease more heavily.

Symptoms

For several days after infection, the disease may not manifest itself in any way. After the viruses have multiplied, signs of infection appear. Three degrees of severity are conditionally distinguished:

• mild degree, at which the temperature either does not rise, or the parameters increase slightly (37-37.2 degrees), rare skin rashes appear;
• the average degree is expressed in an increase in temperature to 38-39, a profuse rash on the body, severe itching, headache;
• severe degree manifests itself in the form of fever, severe rash and headache and vomiting, diarrhea, delusional state may appear.

With complicated chickenpox, diarrhea often occurs in children and adults. Pathogenic microorganisms release toxins that often cause digestive disorders, diarrhea.

The use of antibiotics to prevent bacterial infection or to treat a secondary infection causes diarrhea, nausea, and other dyspeptic symptoms.

Causes

Diarrhea with chickenpox occurs in several cases:

• manifestation of atypical chickenpox;
• infection with another type of microorganism (secondary infection);
• increased intoxication;
• exposure to antibiotics.

With chickenpox, a mild atypical rash on the body may not turn into watery blisters. Temperatures are often normal. Diarrhea, nausea are absent.

This happens in children who received funds to strengthen the immune system (blood serum, immunoglobulins, erythrocytes). The atypical type of chickenpox often occurs in adults.

With chickenpox of a severe form (hemorrhagic): the temperature rises greatly; in addition to the skin, the mucous membrane of the mouth, internal organs is affected; profuse diarrhea appears due to severe intoxication; bleeding from the nose.

With chickenpox, complicated by a secondary infection (streptococci, staphylococci), long-term diarrhea is often manifested. In places of the rash, abscesses, wounds, ulcers can form.

Secondary infection often leads to cellulite. Complications caused by Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus:

• decay of vesicles;
• pyoderma bullous;
• the formation of pustules;
• miliary tuberculosis;
• impetigo;
• meningoencephalitis;
• pulmonary edema;
• opticomyelitis;
• hepatitis;
• myocarditis;
• Reye's syndrome
• chickenpox encephalitis;
• viral pneumonia;
• meningitis serous
• arthritis;
• bronchitis.

The list of serious diseases with secondary infection is quite impressive and can be continued. Treatment is prescribed by a doctor based on the results of anamnesis and laboratory tests.

Diarrhea is the body's attempt to cleanse itself of toxins. Diarrhea is normal without additional symptoms and stops within 24 hours. In other cases, immediate professional assistance is required.

Abundant loose stools are dangerous by dehydration. Before the arrival of medical workers, it is necessary to compensate for the loss of fluid in the body. The patient needs more drinking.

With severe intoxication, the following violations occur: a sharp rise in temperature (40 degrees and above); a large amount of rash, suppuration appears; phlegmon or abscess often develop.

Diarrhea is common in children and adults with antibiotic use. The drugs suppress the beneficial intestinal microflora designed to fight pathogenic microorganisms.

Disease-causing bacteria multiply without encountering obstacles. This leads to the development of diarrhea.

In children under one year old (with breastfeeding), the disease proceeds easily, provided that the mother was sick with chickenpox in childhood. Otherwise, the disease is difficult.

Diagnostics

To determine the causative agent of the disease, epidemiological information, anamnesis are collected and the following studies are prescribed:

• determination of antibodies, ELISA, RSK, RIMF (serological method);
• isolation of the virus from pustules (virological);
• rapid test, the method of fluorescent antibodies (detection of antibodies to the virus) or the reaction of immunofluorescence;
• polymerase chain reaction (molecular biological method);
• isolation of virus DNA from vesicles (molecular genetic).

There are almost similar symptoms with some diseases.

1. Allergies (food, medicinal, household).
2. ECHO or Coxsackie viral infections.
3. Herpes zoster.
4. Smallpox is natural.
5. Scabies.
6. Impetigo.
7. Eczema.
8. Herpes simplex.
9. Vesicular rickettsiosis.

Therefore, self-determination of the disease and treatment is unacceptable. With chickenpox, differential diagnosis is necessary in a medical institution.

Treatment

Skin rash, vesicles are treated with antiseptic lotion, potassium permanganate solution (5-10%), brilliant green (1%).

It is recommended to use water with alcohol or vinegar, glycerol to relieve itching, short-term bathing with infusions and decoctions of medicinal herbs: string, pharmacy chamomile.

Antihistamines are prescribed in small doses (Cetirizine, Zodak, Clemastin, Suprastin, Akrivastin, Fenistil, Diphenhydramine, Feksadin, Loratadin).

For the treatment of children and adults with weakened immunity, drugs are used: Zovirax, Valciclovir, Acyclovir, Famciclovir, Gerpevir, Ganciclovir, Valtrex, Virolex. Immunoglobulin is prescribed for severe chickenpox.

An effective treatment for chickenpox is a spray.

1. Epigenes.
2. Calamine.
3. Poksklin.
4. Flocet.
5. D-Panthenol.

Drying and decay of crusts is accelerated: when exposed to ultraviolet light; processing with zinc ointment, Tsindol, Fukortsin, Baneocin. Ointment Miramistin is used as an antiviral and antiseptic agent.

Also, drugs are successfully used:

• liniment Cycloferon (enhances cell resistance, increases immunity);
• Kagocel;
• Ergoferon;
• Anaferon;
• Viferon;
• Amiksin;
• Isoprinosine;
• Arbidol;
• Kipferon.

A rash in the mouth is treated with a solution of furacillin, an infusion of calendula and chamomile.

With diarrhea, vomiting, rehydration is performed. For the prevention of dehydration, the following is used:

• solution (water, sugar, soda, salt);
• means Regidron;
• Tour;
• Hydrovit Forte;
• still mineral water;
• dried fruits compote;
• rosehip infusion.

Prophylaxis

The main preventive measure is vaccination. There is an age limit. The vaccine is given to children aged 1 year and older.

A specific measure is the introduction of immunoglobulin against chickenpox to those people who have been in contact with patients. The introduction of the drug is shown to the following category of people:

• pregnant women in the prenatal period (one week before delivery or less);
• an infected immunodeficiency virus;
• premature babies;
• children who have undergone tissue and organ transplantation;
• babies whose mothers did not have chickenpox;
• patients with leukemia, with chemotherapy.

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