Why does human diarrhea

Diarrhea in a person is a rather unpleasant condition that provides a lot of discomfort. In addition, such a symptom may indicate not a common disorder, but diseases of the internal organs.

Diarrhea is a frequent bowel movement that occurs 3 or more times a day. In addition, the consistency of the stool changes, and the stool becomes liquid.

Diarrhea is often accompanied by additional symptoms such as colic, pain, fever, nausea and vomiting.

It is most dangerous if diarrhea appears in children, since rapid dehydration is possible, which causes complications and even death. It is important to understand why diarrhea occurs in order to treat it.

Main reasons

There is a long list of reasons why a person has diarrhea. The factors described below can be in an adult and in children, the main ones are:

1. Problems with gastrointestinal motility when the intestines are very active.
2. Infectious infection of the intestine, when a lot of toxins and harmful bacteria appear in the body. The main infectious causes include cholera, salmonellosis, various viruses and bacteria, and food poisoning.
3. Disruptions in the intestinal microflora, which often appears with prolonged treatment with medications. Often, the microflora is disrupted by the use of antibiotics.
4. Diarrhea appears with irritable bowel syndrome, pathology appears as a result of frequent stress and emotional stress.
5. Enzyme deficiency in the body, as a result of which foods cannot be digested normally, and the stool changes, diarrhea appears.
6. Various diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, for example, colitis, gastritis, ulcers or Crohn's disease.
7. An equally common cause of diarrhea is heredity, as a result of which, after eating a certain food, diarrhea constantly appears, it may be a lack of lactose, pancreatitis.

The list contains only the main reasons why people get diarrhea. In such conditions, the feces often do not have any impurities, but there may be other conditions.

Causes of bloody diarrhea

If a person develops diarrhea, which is supplemented by blood clots in the stool, then you should be careful and quickly diagnose and treat, because the problem can be hidden in serious deviations.

The causes of bloody diarrhea can be as follows:

1. Diverticulitis With such a pathology, intestinal inflammation begins, often the disease appears in people after 45 years.
2. Hypodinamia. Disease appears as a result of insufficient activity. The problem may be with a person who sits more and leads a sedentary lifestyle.
3. Ulcerative processes of the gastrointestinal tract. In such a pathological condition, blood appears in the feces, while the disease can be both acute and chronic.
4. Haemorrhoids. In this condition, people may have cracks in the anus, which may bleed. A person additionally develops pain during bowel movements, as well as itching and burning.
5. Crayfish. With rectal cancer, blood may be released with diarrhea.
6. Bleeding. If diarrhea is accompanied by bloody discharge, then internal bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract may be the cause, the feces in this state become dark. The main causes of bleeding are liver cirrhosis, ulcers, or cancer.
7. In some cases, blood appears with a diagnosis of Crohn's disease or with an ulcer.
8. Infections. When the gastrointestinal tract is infected with infections, an additional symptom is an increase in temperature, pain in the abdominal cavity. In this case, you should urgently consult a doctor.

In any case, if mucus or blood appears in the feces, you should immediately consult a doctor in order to diagnose and determine the real reason why diarrhea begins.

After that, doctors can prescribe the correct treatment.

Types of diarrhea

Diarrhea can be in different forms, in some cases diarrhea is chronic, then a person will have loose stools for 2-3 weeks or more. With an acute appearance, the stool passes, and 2-3 weeks.

In addition, depending on the causes of diarrhea, it can be divided into different types:

1. Hypokinetic. This type is characterized by feces, which in consistency resemble porridge. Often, diarrhea of ​​this type can be identified by a strong unpleasant odor, since food does not move well through the intestines.
2. Hypersecretory. Diarrhea of ​​this species becomes watery and violent, as a result of the large secretion of fluid and salt in the gastrointestinal tract.
3. Hyperkinetic. This diarrhea will not be severe, runny or porridge-like. It appears as a result of the rapid movement of food through the digestive tract.
4. Hyperexudative. Diarrhea of ​​this kind is accompanied by inflammation of the intestines, the feces become watery, the diarrhea is not strong and there may be various impurities in the feces.
5. Osmolar. Diarrhea occurs when there is insufficient absorption of fluid and salts by the intestines. There are a lot of bowel movements per day, the feces are fatty, and may also be with food debris that could not be digested.

Diarrhea can be supplemented by other symptoms, according to which doctors establish an accurate diagnosis.

The main symptoms may include:

1. Frequent and intense bowel movements.
2. Inability to control feces.
3. The feces smell very unpleasant.
4. The color of the feces changes.
5. Different consistency of stool.
6. There are pieces of food in the feces that could not be digested.
7. Blood or mucus appears.

Also, diarrhea can be accompanied by nausea, vomiting and a temperature of 37 to 40 degrees.

Children's diarrhea

In children, diarrhea appears more often for other reasons than in an adult. Often the cause is an improper diet of the child, as well as an infection of the intestines.

Children's diarrhea appears for the following reasons:

1. Allergy to certain foods.
2. Infections in the intestines, often in this state, the child has a fever.
3. This could be due to stress, travel, or climate change.
4. If the gastrointestinal tract motility is impaired without other symptoms, diarrhea begins in children, which is characterized by frequent stools and a change in the consistency of feces.
5. The use of medications, after which the disorder appears, most often diarrhea in children appears after the use of antibiotics.
6. When overeating, children may not only have diarrhea, but also vomiting.
7. Individual intolerance to products, which can cause the disorder.

In a nursing baby, the causes may differ, and it all depends on the milk that the baby eats. This can be breast milk or purchased formula.

Diarrhea in babies appears as a result of such reasons:

1. Incorrect introduction of complementary foods, often very early.
2. Formulas may not be suitable for artificial feeding.
3. Adding food to complementary foods that is not suitable for the child's gastrointestinal tract.
4. Infection of the intestine with pathogenic bacteria and other organisms.
5. Binge eating.
6. When breastfeeding, the cause may be due to inadequate nutrition of the mother herself.
7. In some infants, the cause of diarrhea is lactase deficiency. In this case, diarrhea appears immediately at birth.
8. ARI and other diseases can be provocateurs of diarrhea in infants.

If children develop an upset gastrointestinal tract, it is recommended not to carry out self-treatment, but to consult a doctor to establish an accurate diagnosis.

Diarrhea during pregnancy

Diarrhea during pregnancy occurs for similar reasons as in adults. But there are some differences, for example, diseases that were in a chronic form may worsen during pregnancy and diarrhea appears.

Early diarrhea may indicate toxicosis, which occurs in many women. This condition is not dangerous for the child, since the beneficial bacteria do not leave the intestines.

If diarrhea appears due to poisoning, then for the child this can be a dangerous symptom and prompt treatment must be carried out.

Immediately before childbirth, diarrhea may not pose any threat and is a normal state of the body. Thus, the body of women is cleansed so that childbirth proceeds normally and without complications.

Diagnosis

To determine the causes of diarrhea, it is necessary to be examined by a doctor, which can determine the causes. Used for diagnostics:

1. Blood, feces and urine are collected for analysis. Such a diagnosis is necessary with frequent bowel movements, which appears about 15 times a day, and is also supplemented by flatulence.
2. Laboratory diagnostic methods.
3. Instrumental examination.

The most informative survey methods include:

1. Colonoscopy. Allows you to examine the walls and intestinal mucosa.
2. EGDS. Allows you to examine the walls of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum 12.
3. Irrigoscopy. X-ray examination.
4. Ultrasound of the abdomen. Allows you to determine the work of the internal organs of the abdominal cavity.

There are other diagnostic methods that doctors can use. It all depends on the severity of the diarrhea and the symptoms that accompany the diarrhea.

Prevention and treatment

Watery diarrhea in adults should be treated without fail. To do this, you need to use complex measures.

The main thing during treatment is not only to get rid of the symptoms, but to treat the very cause of the onset of the disorder.

Therapy can include the following principles:

1. Medicines are used to remove infections that cause diarrhea.
2. Medicines are used that can normalize the work and activity of the intestines.
3. It is allowed to use antispasmodics to eliminate pain.
4. Treatment is carried out with sorbents, which are often used in case of poisoning and to remove toxins from the body.
5. Probiotics are needed to restore microflora.
6. Treatment necessarily requires adjusting the diet, daily regimen, as well as adherence to the drinking regimen.
7. If diarrhea appears as a result of bacterial infection, then antibiotics are used.
8. Viral diarrhea can be treated with antiviral drugs.
9. If diarrhea appears with cholecystitis, then choleretic agents are used.
10. With a lack of enzymes, with pancreatitis, it is recommended to use enzyme medicines.

To prevent dehydration in the event of a disorder, it is recommended to use the following tips:

1. Drink plenty of water and saline solutions, which is the mainstay of diarrhea treatment. It is recommended to use fluids immediately after a bowel movement. Effectively use the "Regidron" saline solution, rosehip decoction. Raisin infusion and chamomile infusion have a good effect.
2. It is forbidden to take juices, milk, carbonated drinks, and tea must be drunk without sugar and honey.
3. After a bowel movement, it is recommended to drink 150-300 ml each time.
4. If an additional symptom in the form of vomiting appears, then it is necessary to drink fluids in very small sips, otherwise severe vomiting will appear.
5. The ideal diet for the first day of the disorder is banana, rice, baked apples, and white bread croutons.

When relieving and normalizing stool, it is recommended not to start eating as before, it is better to introduce meat and other foods into the menu only from the 3rd day of diarrhea.

To alleviate the condition with a disorder, it is necessary to adhere to some rules that can improve the work of the gastrointestinal tract:

1. Completely give up fatty foods, eggs, milk, as well as spices and herbs. Do not use fresh and cooked radishes, cucumbers and cabbage.
2. Perform light exercise every day to normalize bowel motility.
3. Always wash your hands before eating.
4. Normalize the emotional state and reduce the amount of stress.
5. In case of diarrhea, it is recommended to use dietary table No. 4.
6. All herbal products must be washed thoroughly before use.
7. It is good to drink more jelly with diarrhea, especially from blueberries.

Knowing the causes and basic tips, you can easily cope with diarrhea, which will not allow complications and other pathologies to appear.

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