Fluorosis

Fluorosis is a disease that develops as a result of prolonged excess intake of fluoride compounds into the human body. Fluorosis is divided into two types: professional and endemic. Professional F. occurs in people working in conditions of high content of fluoride compounds in the ambient air( aluminum industry, etc.).Endemic F. occurs in certain geographical areas, which occurs due to the use of fluoride-enriched drinking water

Causes of

In accordance with generally accepted sanitary standards, the maximum allowable concentration of fluorine compounds in water can not exceed 1.5 mg / l. From the excess amount of fluoride entering the body, children suffer most often in the period of laying the bones of the skeleton and molars. Even if the fluoride content is raised slightly, there is a sharp increase in the number of children who develop fluorosis. The critical level of fluoride in water for adults is 6 mg / l. At this concentration, the development of pathological changes in the tooth enamel and the already formed bone tissues

is quite possible. Symptoms of

Endemic fluorosis is most often manifested by a typical lesion of molars in childhood. Depending on the degree of damage, erosion, brown or white spots appear on the teeth, as well as rapid erosion and increased brittleness of the enamel. If the concentration of fluorine in water exceeds 6-10 mg / l, children may develop initial forms of bone damage.

Professional fluorosis usually manifests as a lesion of the skeleton( joint mobility decreases, pains in the joints and bones appear).In especially severe cases, there may be abnormalities in liver function, autonomic nervous system, muscle weakness. The spotting of enamel is in most cases absent.

Diagnosis of fluorosis does not cause any problems. The basis of diagnosis is quite specific clinical signs of the disease. In addition, the geographic location of the patient

is treated. Treatment of professional fluorosis is carried out by magnesium and calcium compounds, vitamins A, B, C, P, salts of pyruvic and lactic acids. A positive effect is given by radon, hydrogen sulphide and coniferous baths. It is also mandatory to remove the sick person from a source of increased danger( harmful production).

Specific treatment of endemic fluorosis at the moment is not developed. Mainly the treatment is aimed at eliminating the emerging cosmetic defects of teeth( bleaching procedures, layer-by-layer removal of tooth enamel, installation of veneers) and prevention of further excess fluoride intake into the body.