Simple and complex removal of wisdom tooth from below: consequences and recovery from surgery

Lower Teeth Removal 8 tooth or wisdom tooth erupts at the age of 18-25.His name he received in connection with popular beliefs.It was believed that closer to 30 years a person became wiser.In total, 4 wisdom teeth appear: 2 on top and 2 from below.At 8% of people they do not grow.Ancestors believed that this was due to the fact that a person had not accumulated enough life experience: wisdom for him never came.Modern dentists talk about evolution.Changed the food that people use.It has become softer, processed.The size of the jaw has decreased, and wisdom teeth simply do not have enough space.It is a rudiment that came from ancestors.

Features of the "eight"

A wisdom tooth or 3 molar completes the line of the tooth series .Its root is complex and can have up to 4 sprouts.This is one of the features of 3 molars.

Possible pathologies in the eruption

Not always the extreme molars erupt properly and the begins to grow in the upright position .Dentists often face oblique growth of teeth:

if 8 tooth turns to 7, medial slope, then the enamel of both molars is damaged: caries develop;

if the "eight" is diverted from the "seven", the distal inclination, then the gums and roots of the 7 teeth are damaged;
when 3 molar grows towards cheeks, cheek tilt, it damages its mucous: a dense tissue appears, which can lead to tumor development;
with the tongue slope, the wisdom tooth is deployed towards the tongue: the mucosa on the root of the tongue is damaged, the chewing of food is difficult, the gum is injured from the inside;

Pathology will be considered not only the incorrect inclination of the last molars, but also their inadequate appearance.Dentists determine the total or partial retention of wisdom teeth.With full retention molars do not erupt.They remain inside the jaw.

For a person, this can be insensible.If he does not experience pain, there are no changes on the gums and other teeth, the "eight" is not touched.Dentists recommend once a year to make an orthopantomogram, a panoramic shot of the jaw.The complication of a complete retention of 3 molars can be the formation of a follicular cyst that forms around the bones.

The partial retention of wisdom tooth is considered more dangerous when it did not cut through completely.In this case can develop the following complications:

inflammation in the gums and bones - pericoronaritis: gum edema, severe pain, fever, difficult to chew and swallow food;Can develop an abscess or purulent inflammation of the intercellular space of the face and neck, phlegmon;
hygienic procedures near the "seven" are difficult: the caries begins at the base, which is difficult to notice;It affects the root, despite the fact that the crown can look white;7 tooth have to be removed;
resorption of the solid tissue of the neighboring molar, resorption: leads to loss of the "seven";
formation of the periodontal pocket: inflammation of the jaw bone occurs;
trauma to the mucous membrane of the gums or cheeks: the trauma changes into a chronic form and leads to the formation of a tumor;
extension of a pair of teeth: it lengthens and disrupts the process of chewing food;Blocking of the mandibular joint occurs: the patient feels a crunch, clicks and pain in the joint;

In some cases, the wisdom tooth is removed, but dentists do not always make a similar decision.There are indications for the treatment of the "eight" and contraindications for the extraction of .

Indications for removal

Despite all the prejudices associated with the wisdom tooth, it is recommended to remove it in the following cases:

if the molar is not cut correctly: it grows at an inclination;
interferes with the development of 7 teeth;
molar is the cause of inflammation of the mucosa, soft tissues in the oral cavity;
Inflammation of the jaw bone;
necrosis of soft tissue or bone;
develops an abscess or phlegmon;
difficult treatment of pulpitis due to the complex location of the roots;
is difficult to treat caries, because the molar is in a hard-to-reach place;
formation of a cyst on the root of the "eight";
molar has changed the line of the dentition: there is a crowding of teeth;

Removal of the wisdom tooth will prevent the development of undesirable inflammatory processes in the oral cavity, destruction of adjacent teeth of and jawbone.If the patient turns to the dentist with acute pain, removal of the molar is inevitable.

Contraindications for operation

Sometimes the doctor postpones the operation to remove the "eight".In some cases, tooth extraction is contraindicated. The cause may be a disease:

periodontitis, if the inflammation of the gums progresses;Prescribe antibiotics, analgesics, reduce the inflammatory process;Remove wisdom tooth after treatment of gums;Gingivitis is not a contraindication;
heart disease;
is an inflammatory process in the oral cavity caused by a fungus or infection;
ARI, influenza, ARVI;
1 and 3 trimesters of pregnancy: remove the tooth only in extreme cases;
patient's refusal from surgery;
psychological imbalance or mental illness;

A dentist can decide whether to start a wisdom tooth treatment, if for that is certain reasons:

lack of "seven": the "eight" with time can move the dentition and move to free space;Linearity of teeth will be preserved;
the patient wishes to make a bridge in the absence of the "seven": 3 molar can serve as a support for the "bridge";
the correct location of the wisdom tooth on the gum, an uncomplicated structure of the roots;
caries develops on the top surface of the crown, which is easily accessible by tools;
the tooth grows without pathologies, the patient wishes to install a crown on it;

Treatment or removal of a wisdom tooth without diagnostics is impossible.A dentist will definitely assign an x-ray or orthopantomogram: a digital snapshot and a more accurate one, the process does not affect the human body.Diagnosis allows you to determine the number of roots of the "eight" , their linearity, location.According to the picture, the doctor will see if there are any irregularities in the adjacent tooth.After analyzing the shot of the orthopantomogram or X-ray, the dentist decides to remove 3 molar or begin treatment.

Removal of 8 teeth

Tooth extraction surgery A dental surgeon performs the molar removal operation.He studies the patient's condition, X-ray images, selects an anesthetic to avoid the development of allergic reactions and anaphylactic shock.The upper molars, most often, are removed simply.The surgeon grasps the tooth with special forceps, loosens it and pulls it out of the gum.

Procedure for removing 8 teeth

Lower jaw is more massive than the upper, bone is denser, the roots of teeth are stronger, that complicates the operation of .

The area of the oral cavity where the "eight" is planned to be removed is treated with an antiseptic solution.
The patient is injected with an anesthetic using a syringe: wait 5-7 minutes for an anesthetic to act: the cheek and tongue become numb, the patient does not feel anything.Anesthetic will not work well if a person uses drugs, alcohol, constantly uses pain medications in large doses.In some cases, the tooth is removed under general anesthesia.
If the tooth grows straight, the roots are not bent, the surgeon grasps it with forceps, loosens, and takes it out of the mouth.

Retinued tooth requires some manipulation: it is hidden under the layer of bone and soft gingival tissue.After treatment of the patient's mouth and the introduction of anesthesia, the surgeon must open the access to the tooth.For this he needs:

incise the gum;
to separate soft tissue from bone;
drill out or cut out a section of bone that covers the "eight";
grab the molar with forceps and remove it;
to sew up the gum: as a suture material, not absorbable threads are used;They are removed only after complete healing of the wound;

Removing a recumbent wisdom tooth or partially retinished is performed in a similar way.To grab it with a forceps or an elevator, you need to open the access for tools.The operation is performed with gum incisions and bone drill.

The procedure lasts about 30 minutes.During the removal of the "eight" patient will not feel pain.In place of the molar is formed, a large blood hole .The surgeon will close it with a gauze tampon, which is saturated with hemostatic and antiseptic means.The doctor will necessarily warn about the consequences of the operation and will give certain recommendations.A dentist can prescribe a sick list to the patient for 3-4 days for rehabilitation.

Consequences after removal of the "eight"

The body will necessarily react to the disruption of the integrity of the tissue in the oral cavity.After the removal of the wisdom tooth on the lower jaw of , the consequences are inevitable .

The action of an anesthetic will take place in 4-5 hours, a person will have a lot of pain.It is caused by damage to the gums and bone.The dentist will advise taking painkillers: Ibuprofen, Xsefokan, Nimesulid, Viox.
The wound will heal for the first 3-5 hours after the operation, but the blood should stop after the time has elapsed.If the clot does not form on the wound, and the blood does not stop, then the hole is covered with a gauze pad impregnated with a 3% solution of hydrogen peroxide.Marl bites.A hot-water bottle with ice is put on the cheek.
Increased temperature, chills - this is the body's reaction to anesthetic.The doctor will advise the first 3 days to take Suprastin, Claritin.As antipyretic - "Paracetamol", "Nimesulide."If the temperature does not decrease after 3 days, this may be a symptom of the inflammatory process in the wound.
High fever and putrefactive odor are one of the signs of alviolitis.The wound gets an infection, and the inflammation affects not only the gum, but also the mucosa of the entire oral cavity.Alviolitis can develop for several reasons: poor quality wound treatment after surgery, it retains a piece of the tooth bone, mouth rinse in the first days after removal, use of spicy food, insufficient oral hygiene.The dentist will clear the wound from the pus, put a tampon with an antiseptic on it, assign a bath for the oral cavity.
Hematoma on the face.If the walls of the capillaries are not elastic enough on the skin of the face, then with a complex removal of the lower wisdom tooth, their rupture can occur.This leads to hematomas: small bruises on the cheek and cheekbone or strong edema of one side of the face with extensive hematoma.To the problem area, immediately after the operation, ice is applied.After a week, the hematoma will begin to pass.
One of the complications of surgery can be paresthesia.The patient has lost the sensitivity of the lower lip, tongue, cheek.Paresthesia develops if the surgeon injures the nerve of the lower jaw: it passes in the region of the roots of 3 molars.If the sensitivity does not appear after 2 weeks, then treatment is prescribed: physiotherapy and medications.
The surgeon exerts great physical effort to perform an extraction of 8 teeth: a dislocation of the mandible is possible.The mandibular joint is inserted right after the operation.Fracture of the jaw happens extremely rarely if the surgeon is not a qualified specialist.

Three days after tooth extraction, the patient visits the dentist to inspect and probe the wound.If the gum tissue is restored without pathologies, then on the 5th day the seams are removed.

To reduce the complications of

Before surgery, the surgeon gives the patient recommendations for oral care:

can be eaten 4 hours after the procedure: the food should be fresh, soft, semi-liquid consistency;You can drink ordinary water immediately: it should be at room temperature;
to take alcohol and smoke is allowed the next day;
patient will have to refrain from taking a hot bath;
it is necessary to avoid physical activity;
the first 4 hours to the cheek should be applied ice to reduce edema and avoid bruising: ice is kept for 5 minutes, 10 minutes break;
day can not rinse your mouth and brush your teeth;
take painkillers and other medications only on the advice of a dentist;

Removing the wisdom tooth will pass without consequences if you follow all the doctor's recommendations during and after the procedure.The cost of a simple operation is from 1500 rubles .A complex procedure for removing the lower 3 molars - from 3000 rubles.