Symptoms of inflammation of the epididymis and treatment of pathology

Epididymitis is an inflammatory process in the epididymis, which affects the head, body, tail and vas deferens. The passage of the appendage is important for the formation of qualitative sperm.

Manifestation of inflammation of epididymis( epididymitis).

Epididymitis can develop against the background of infections with a decrease in the body's immune defenses. Angina, acute respiratory infections, influenza, in the absence of adequate therapy and malfunction of immunity may provoke the development of inflammation of the epididymis in men, especially with the existing chronic pathology of the pelvic organs. In this case, the infectious agent enters the appendage of the male sex gland with blood flow.

Clinical manifestations

There are acute and chronic epididymitis. For an acute inflammatory process,

• is characterized by complaints of drawing pain along the appendage of the testicle in the right or left inguinal region;
• increase in temperature to 38-39 ° C;
• intoxication of the body, manifested weakness.

Inflammation of the epididymis in most cases begins with inflammation of the testicle itself.

In 85% of cases, the inflammation initially starts in the testicle and only then spreads to the vas deferens and the spermatic cord, so the patient notes severe pain in the corresponding half of the scrotum, swelling, an increase in the size of the testicle, and hyperemia. Simultaneous inflammation of the testis and its appendage was called orhoepididymitis.

Palpation of the scrotum is impossible due to severe pain and swelling. After 3-4 days, against the background of antibacterial anti-inflammatory therapy, puffiness begins to subside, and in the region of the tail or body of the appendage it is possible to define a tuberous, dense infiltrate.

When a vas deferens duct( deferentitis) and spermatic cord( funiculitis) are involved in the pathological process, palpation in the inguinal region feels a thickened painful stitch. If you do not start treatment in time, then there is a high probability of fibrotic changes in the epididymis, the transition of an acute inflammatory process to a chronic inflammation and the development of infertility.

Chronic epididymitis is an unfavorable outcome of an acute inflammatory process. To the chronic course of the disease may result:

• inadequate therapy;
  

  Inadequate therapy and self-medication lead to chronic epididymitis.

• self-treatment;
• decrease in protective functions of the body;
• chronic inflammatory diseases of the male sexual sphere, including sexually transmitted infections;
• functioning epicystostoma( tube removed from the bladder in acute urinary retention);
• condition after surgery on the organs of the male sexual sphere( prostatectomy for prostatic hyperplasia, transurethral resections, bladder surgery);
• severe concomitant extragenital pathology( diabetes mellitus, HIV infection).

In palpation, the epididymis has a coarse, narcotic structure, and the pain may not be expressed.

Diagnosis

In order to diagnose epididymitis, it is necessary to conduct a clinical and urological examination in the following volume:

• general blood test;
• blood for syphilis, HIV, hepatitis B and C;
• general urinalysis;
• smear from the urethra to STDs( sexually transmitted diseases);
• is the secret of the prostate;
• sperm or secretion of the prostate to determine the pathogen and sensitivity to antibacterial therapy;
• ultrasound of the scrotum( see uzi of the pelvic organs);
• ultrasound of the prostate with a transrectal sensor( through the rectum);
• phthisiourologist consultation to exclude the tubercular specificity of the process.

Carrying out a complete clinical and urological examination allows you to find out the cause of inflammation of the epididymis and prescribe a full-fledged treatment. The appointment of treatment without examination leads to fatal errors. Over orchoepidymitis, especially often recurrent, sometimes masked semimonoma( malignant testicular tumor), urogenital tuberculosis, prostate cancer and a "bouquet" of venereal diseases.

Treatment of

When inflammation of the epididymis, the therapy usually takes 10-12 days and includes the following complex:

1. 

   The reception of antibiotics is the main stage of treatment of epididymitis.

   Antibacterial broad-spectrum drug( Tavanic, Floracid , Ceftriaxone, Suprax is the most commonly prescribed antibiotic).

2. Candles with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs( Diklovit, Cefekon ) can relieve pain and reduce temperature, increase the effect of antibiotics.
3. Antifungal drugs( Flukostat, Fluconazole ) are used to prevent the development of candidiasis( thrush).
4. Polyvitaminic complex preparations in the treatment of inflammation of the epididymis increase the defenses of the body and strengthen the immune system.
5. Probiotics( Lactofiltrum ) help to normalize the intestinal flora.
6. Compresses are used for local treatment, helps the alcohol compress in halves with water;Alternate every other day with the application of Vishnevsky's ointment to the patient.
7. Immunity-stimulating medications are prescribed in the absence of the effect of therapy after the immunogram. These include: Timolin, Cycloferon, Genferon, Viferon.
8. Asserting agents( Lidase ) are prescribed for epididymitis to prevent adhesions leading to infertility.
9. Physiotherapy.
10. Diet( exclude from the diet acute, sour, salty, alcohol).

I would like to note that the result of seeding sperm or secretion of the prostate gland on the flora and sensitivity to antibiotics is being prepared for several days, but for completeness of the picture it is necessary to perform it.

In acute inflammation, antibiotic therapy is initiated immediately;Antibiotic, to which there is sensitivity, are included in the treatment regimen of the second drug. If there is a good sensitivity to the already prescribed antibacterial agent, then the second preparation is not necessary.

Such therapy is enough to prevent the transition of acute inflammatory process to chronic.

In the treatment of chronic epididymitis, the examination algorithm and medications are identical.

Consequences of

Inflammation of the epididymis can lead to prostatitis.

If you do not take proper measures, you can get chronic inflammation of the male genitourinary organs:

• prostatitis;
• Prostateziculocystitis;
• urethritis;
• orcoepididymitis.

The diseases listed above are the main cause of impaired fertility( ability to have offspring) and erectile dysfunction( potency disorders).

To prevent the disease, it is recommended to undergo a urologist examination once a year, use condoms for casual sexual relations and to take phytopreparations of , which allow achieving a stable remission in chronic diseases of the male sexual sphere.

Doctor-urologist Mishina V. V.

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