Dysthymia

Dysthymia is a sort of erased depression, which is much easier compared to classical, endogenous genesis of depression. Dysthymia in its distribution considerably exceeds a lot of pathologies, which alternately leads to problems of work capacity, taking potentially working individuals.

Characteristically, this disorder is increasingly spreading, which is associated with the mode of life of individuals. It is believed that motor and mental loads and working conditions can lead to a hidden course of this disorder, complicating the diagnosis. For such pathologies, their earlier detection is very important, which helps to avoid complications.

What is dysthymia?

Chronic dysthymia is a typical course of this disorder. It tends to flow in mild form, but it is very prolonged in time. It is characteristic that the disease lasts at least two years, because its course is shallow and latent, leading to a crumpling of symptoms.

The very name "dysthymia" was first used by Spitzer, he tried to replace this term with a completely different group of disorders: neurasthenia, as well as a similar kind of psychasthenia. According to the CIS, about 20% of individuals after adulthood had ever had such a disorder once before. This is very depressing, given the workable age of people who are affected by ailments. But in comparison with clinical depression, this pathology is much less disabling, but dysthymia is more dangerous for the somatic side, and also paralyzes the mental and psychic sides. All this limits the life of the individual, and is very important.

The emergence of this pathology is more common in adolescence and even in childhood. In children, it is more due to family influence, and in adolescents because of school age tests. Women are prone to dysthymia, which is associated with hormonal changes. Dysthymia is rarely diagnosed immediately, it is associated with the symptomatology. Adults most often do not pay attention to the symptomatology, dropping it on the characterological characteristics of the individual. Diagnosis of this pathology is very hidden in the case of another pathology, tk. It is often blocked by other symptoms, so it is very difficult to detect additional symptoms.

Chronic dysthymia is diagnosed more often with other symptoms. Hysterical dysthymia also occurs in this type of individuals, which is associated with the personality type and upbringing. This disease is not able to stay in one place for a long time, gradually progressing. If the pathology progresses to 21 years, then the current is considered unfavorable. Then relapses become more frequent, increasing the number of symptoms.

An individual prone to dysthymia is characterized by a multiple clinic, the symptomatology is multiplying, combining a multitude of complex syndromes. Examination also shows the presence of organic diseases, and in most people with dysthymia. Often, this pathology is combined with anxiety and phobic disorders. There may also be conversion, i.e., hysterical disorders. Somatic and narcotic diseases are also combined with dysthymia.

Dysthymia has several categories by classification. Somatized dysthymia includes characteristic complaints: general negative state of health with somatic complaints, while vegetative disorders with gastrointestinal disorders are involved. Complaints are not of a physical nature directly, but are somewhat pretentious with interesting formations, i.e. In the head will drill, the stomach will cut and the like. Characterological dysthymia is observed in individuals with certain constitutional features, it is especially characteristic of depressive-hypochondriacs.

Chronic dysthymia has a wide variety of causes, although often they are completely insignificant. Individuals with a lot of fears and stressors are the most dysthymic. Also, negative somatopathology has a negative effect. Neurotic personality and pathological education also play a role, especially in a constitutional form. Even the regime of life contributes to the development of pathology.

Symptoms of Dysthymia

The expressiveness of the symptoms of dysthymia never exceeds the depressive, but nevertheless there is some similarity in them. It is characteristic that such individuals are very pessimistic and irritable, quite often in their character there is hypocrisy and excessive anxiety. Handra visits them not only on rainy days, but constantly, even on vacation. Such persons are almost always decadent and exhausted, and this, undoubtedly, affects all life aspects. Sadness and depression are also always close to such personalities.

They are the part set by useless thoughts about the meaninglessness of their being. Often dysthymia is accompanied by panic attacks. Individuals become lazy and apathetic, not wanting to apply the slightest effort in life. In addition, their self-esteem is extremely understated and entails a feeling of failure in life. At the same time, the future and the past are seen by them as extremely pessimistic and the present is not very different for them, everything looks like a drained gray mass of everyday life, which does not create a positive charge at all.

Dysthymia is also characterized by reduced needs and the absence of any, even primitive desires, the individual "dries" in life and potential terms. Anhedonia - lack of satisfaction from everything, a constant companion of dysthymia.

Somatic complaints can manifest themselves in a variety of ways, it can be both a minor malaise and an entire detailed picture of complaints. Sleep problems that persecute the patient with dysthymia are very characteristic, rest he receives only with considerable fatigue. Since there is a shortage of serotonin in the pathogenesis of dysthymia, it is difficult for a person to feel happiness and satisfaction, he is in a state of "dejection".There is even a dysthymic type of personality that is prone to anxiety. It is to their strange pretentious complaints that it is important to listen, so as not to miss dysthymia.

Depending on the course, the forms of dysthymia differ in both symptomatology and causes. Dysthymia with depression is a combination that begins with dysthymia with time, absolutely passes into expressive depressive symptoms, all worsening. Moreover, it can be either deep depression, or frequent exacerbations. With pure dysthymia, the classical depressive triad is not observed, most often there is no motor inhibition. And already pure dysthymia has somatized subtype, which is manifested by pretentious somatogenic origin complaints.

Internal anxiety, characteristic of dysthymia, is usually projected to the future, so the individual does not predict life and expects only the most negative outcomes. It is characteristic that the past for them remains in the worst colors, which leads them into depression, causing again and again to experience the phantom mistakes of the past. Naturally, dysthymic people are not able to build relationships and people are perceived as withdrawn. At the same time, they need support and if someone is trusted, they will pour out the soul indefinitely, very quickly throwing the trustee into flight, because it is very difficult to listen to only eternal complaints. Their lack of initiative blocks all intellectual acquisitions.

Treatment of dysthymia

Treatment is applied with the correct confirmation of the diagnosis. In the case of dysthymia, this process can last up to two years due to subclinicality. In addition, diagnosis is hampered by deprivation of symptoms and the imposition of other pathologies. And, if in two years the disease struck an individual less than half a day in a year, dysthymia is excluded.

Most often in therapy, stimulation of immunity is used. Even for classical dysthymia, immunomodulators will be an excellent tool, and in the absence of immunological advice, safer adaptogens can be used: Ginseng, Eleutherococcus, Schizandra-Lemongrass, Echinacea, Lipa, Sage. An excellent preparation for stimulation, you can say, is Tribestan and a similar group of drugs from the tribulus - a plant that has excellent toning properties. In case of excessive anxiety, you can use herbal sedatives: Valerian, Melissa, Mint, Persen.

Of pharmacological selection, antidepressants are naturally topical. In this case, depending on the severity of the effect will give different groups. In advanced cases, tricyclics are suitable: Amitriptyline, Sinekwan, Clomipramine, Imipramine. For more sophisticated and long-term treatment it is advisable to use SSRIs: Paxil, Prozac, Luvox, Melipramine, Cellex, Zoloft. Sometimes, in addition to serotonin, the drug captures noradrenaline: Simbalta, Effexor. You can use drugs that stabilize the mood: Litosan, Lithium under the control of lithium blood, or Valprokom, Valpronat, Depakin.

Psychotherapeutic techniques are excellent, especially on characterological dysthymia. It is better to start individually, cognitive psychotherapy and psychoanalysis, depending on internal problems, are also suitable. Next, you can connect group sessions, which will form a positive-oriented communication. In addition, family psychotherapy will exclude family pathogenesis, helping to maintain healthy family relationships.