What are the symptoms of pancreatitis in adults?

Symptoms of pancreatitis mainly depend on the variety of the disease. Most often this disease develops in adults due to occlusion of the gastric duct.

Chronic pancreatitis, the treatment of which was not carried out in a timely manner, has not very pronounced symptoms, which, nevertheless, are quite unpleasant and painful.

This is why the solution of the question of how to treat pancreatitis should be started at the time of the onset of the first symptoms.

Symptomatic of pancreatitis

Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory pancreatic disease caused by the aggressive action of enzymes on the organ.

Inflammation develops rapidly enough, and symptoms of acute type are very pronounced.

Painful sensations of pancreatitis or cholecystitis occur as a result of impaired outflow of pancreatic secretion products, when pressure increases on the epigastric region.

Because the pancreas has a lot of nerve endings, inflammation it hurts a lot.

Symptoms of pancreatic inflammation:

• Painful symptoms can be felt in the upper epigastric region, with the left or right side under the ribs. In the case of inflammation of the entire pancreas, the pain extends to the back;
• persistent nausea and vomiting with bile particles, not bringing any relief;
• due to vomiting may manifest symptoms of dehydration, in particular, dryness in the oral cavity;
• hiccough and burp, which can have a rotten or sour taste;
• on palpation, bloating is felt, abdominal and stomach contractions may be absent, abdominal wall tension is not observed.

The patient's state of health, as a rule, deteriorates rather quickly.

In pancreatitis, the following symptoms may occur:

• a strong increase in body temperature;
• lowering of blood pressure;
• shortness of breath;
• the tongue mucosa becomes very dry;
• increased sweating with sticky sweat;
• pale skin with a grayish unhealthy hue;
• facial features look pointed.

Quite often pancreatitis is accompanied by some irregularities in the work of a number of located organs.

Similar disorders are also attributed to symptoms of pancreatitis:

• erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract;
• Inflammation of the peritoneum - peritonitis;
• accumulation in the pleural cavity of fluid;
• symptoms of pulmonary edema, abscessed pneumonia;
• secondary exudative pleurisy;
• elevated blood sugar level due to a violation of carbohydrate metabolism;
• symptoms of hepatitis.

Painful symptoms of cholecystitis or pancreatitis can last from 1 hour to several days, depending on the degree of inflammatory damage to the pancreas.

In some cases, you can observe the manifestation of pain in the heart, which is important to consider when diagnosing the disease.

Symptoms of Chronic and Acute Inflammation

If the inflammation is caused by the presence of stones that have clogged the bile duct, then this kind of pancreatitis is called cholangiogenic.

This disease in adults mainly has symptoms that result from the use of any products or medications that cause the secretion of bile.

Symptoms of cholecystitis or pancreatitis include painful sensations that begin after eating fatty foods.

Paroxysmal pain, mostly shingles, is accompanied by nausea and frequent vomiting.

Symptoms of chronic pancreatitis also include an increase in temperature, the appearance of dyspnea and the increase in heart rate.

Alcoholic pancreatitis is mainly a chronic adult disease and develops in those who often abuse alcohol.

Symptoms most often occur after consuming fresh fruits, vegetables, fried or sour food, alcohol, etc.

Symptoms of the disease basically do not differ from the signs of the acute type of the disease, with the only difference that the pain is most often felt only on the right sideThe abdomen under the ribs, sometimes can give in the back.

The initial stages of alcoholic pancreatitis or cholecystitis in adults are also often characterized by symptoms of instability of the stool, when constipation gives way to diarrhea.

The severe form of cholecystitis or pancreatitis is the most serious and is characterized by the most severe symptoms.

Common Symptoms of Acute Disease Type:

• Skin color in adults may be yellowish, pale or cyanotic in color( so-called cyanosis).Cyanosis in patients is not so common, mainly in the last stages of pancreatitis or cholecystitis. It can be localized on the face, in the navel and abdominal cavity;
• due to overlapping of the bile ducts, you can often notice symptoms of cholelithiasis and jaundice;
• on palpation often the skin becomes covered with small reddish spots, in the area of ​​the abdominal cavity you can notice a strong sensitivity, as well as bloating, especially in the upper part;
• a rapid decrease in body weight due to lack of nutrients;
• type 2 diabetes mellitus;
• disorders in the digestive system;
• anemic symptoms.

Diagnosis of pancreatitis

The main role in the diagnosis of pancreatitis or cholecystitis is played not by clinical symptoms, but by laboratory methods, because the symptoms of inflammation are not specific and can be attributed to many diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

Acute pancreatitis can be diagnosed by the presence of symptoms of Voskresensky, Cullen, Razdolsky, Kert, etc.

The most informative methods for diagnosing pancreatitis are laboratory and instrumental.

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Laboratory methods for diagnosing pancreatitis mainly involve the examination of blood, urine and feces for chemical imbalance.

The most common tests in adults:

1. , a general blood test helps you learn about the body's response to pancreatitis. The rate of erythrocyte sedimentation is checked, as well as the number of leukocytes;The
2. biochemical blood test determines whether abnormalities are present, such as an increase in amylase( this enzyme breaks down the starch, its increased content may indicate not only the presence of pancreatitis or cholecystitis, but also a number of other pathologies), lipase( the enzyme is necessary for the treatment of fats), The level of sugar( indicates a lack of insulin), urea( this indicates the transition of the lesion to the kidneys).Inflammation of pancreatitis in adults is also characterized by a decrease in the level of proteins in the body, especially albumins;
3. study of water-electrolyte balance allows you to determine the lack of fluid in the vascular bed, which can lead to acute heart failure with a high probability of death( so-called collapse).Also, pancreatitis and cholecystitis are characterized by a decrease in the level of calcium, potassium and sodium in the body;
4. a general urine test determines the increase in the level of amylase. In especially severe forms of pancreatitis, when inflammatory lesions spread to the kidneys and other organs, erythrocytes, proteins and leukocytes can also be found in the urine.

Diagnosis of pancreatitis in adults is mandatory using instrumental methods.

Then the doctor has the opportunity to visually inspect the organ and very accurately assess the degree of damage to the pancreas.

Among these methods are the most common:

• thanks to ultrasound can determine the presence in the abdominal cavity of a fluid that can contain pus, as well as the condition of internal tissues and ducts;
• radiography allows you to know about the presence or absence of gallstones in the body. This study also helps to identify certain signs of pancreatitis, for example, enlarged intestinal loops;
• computed tomography provides the most accurate information about the necrotic areas of the pancreas, as well as the presence of fluid in the abdominal and pleural cavities;
• endoscopy is a visualization of the abdominal cavity with a small camera. Through this study, the level of damage that affects the duodenum and stomach is determined. When examining the large duodenal papilla, it can be concluded that the transport of pancreatic secretion products has been impaired. Endoscopy can also include the introduction of a special substance into the ducts, which makes it possible to determine their patency. However, this substance strongly irritates the mucosa of the pancreas and can cause an attack of pancreatitis or cholecystitis;
• with a severe form of the disease is prescribed laparoscopy, which in fact is part of the treatment of pancreatitis and is performed in the operating room.

Treatment of inflammation of the pancreas

As a rule, medical treatment of pancreatitis is carried out in a hospital, especially with a severe form of the disease.

This approach helps to prevent possible complications, as well as to control all hemodynamic parameters.

In the case of acute pancreatitis in severe or neglected form, surgical intervention is usually prescribed in most cases, which is also performed in the hospital.

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Surgical intervention is performed by means of laparoscopy, assuming a small incision, unlike most operations.

After the surgical procedure was performed, and the disease ceased to be acute, the treatment of pancreatitis with medicines should begin.

The treatment regimen for pancreatitis includes such drugs:

• antibiotic preparations for stopping and preventing inflammatory processes in the body: Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Clarithromycin;
• if the symptoms of pancreatitis involve frequent vomiting, the doctor prescribes medications to restore the water balance, in particular physiological and saline solutions;
• in order to restore the enzyme and protein balances should take enzyme preparations, which are included in the so-called. Substitution therapy. Such drugs also help in the digestion of food, they are usually taken for a long time. Often medicines are prescribed: Creon, Mezim Fort, Pancitrat, Digestal, Festal;
• during periods of exacerbation or severe pain, you can use antispasmodic drugs for adults: Atropine, Papaverin, No-Shpu, as well as H2-blockers such as Ranitidine and Famotidine;
• in order to restore the balance of useful trace elements in the body prescribe calcium, multivitamin preparations;
• for normalization of metabolic processes the doctor prescribes preparations of the metabolic complex;
• in some cases, the doctor may prescribe cholagogue, sedatives and hormones;
• if the lesions of pancreatitis or cholecystitis have spread to the digestive tract, then to restore the damaged mucous membrane, prescribe drugs with an enveloping effect.

The treatment regimen for chronic pancreatitis is similar to the previous one, but it necessarily includes enzyme preparations, choleretic medications, as well as vitamins A, D, E, K and group B.

In some cases of particularly neglected pancreatitis, enzyme preparations should be consumed all through life.

If there are abnormalities in the work of the intestine, the treatment of pancreatitis with medicines will certainly include drugs for stimulating intestinal motility( so-called prokinetics).

If pancreatitis is in the initial or middle stage, then prescribe medications such as Domperidone and Cisapride.

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Folk recipes from pancreatitis

Treatment of pancreatitis at home is possible only at the initial stages of inflammation of the pancreas and in the absence of an attack.

If the abdomen is very sore, you should go to the ambulance and get treatment in the hospital.

Treatment of pancreatitis at home is mainly done using such folk remedies:

1. take 2 tbsp. L.Mixture, consisting of St. John's wort, motherwort and peppermint, and pour 1.5 liters of boiling water and leave to infuse for 40 minutes. Take a strained infusion before meals 3 times a day for ¾ cup;
2. take 1 tbsp. L.Mixture, which contains the roots of elecampane( 2 parts), valerian( 3 h), fennel seed( 1 h) and violet flowers( 1 h), and pour 1 cup boiling water. Within 30 minutes, heat the broth in a water bath, and then leave for another 15 minutes. Take the received infusion for 1 tbsp. L.Before any meal taking to get rid of painful symptoms;
3. pour 1 tbsp. L.Flowers of red elderberry with a glass of boiling water and leave to infuse for about 2 hours. Take infusion 3 times a day for 70 ml. It is best to combine this remedy with a decoction of birch buds to effectively treat the pancreas and eliminate unpleasant symptoms;
4. improves the pancreas well and removes the painful symptoms of this infusion: 2 spoons of ground wormwood pour 1.5 liters of boiling water and leave in a thermos for 30 minutes. Take 100 ml of infusion before each meal;
5. take 1 tbsp. L.Dried leaves of plantain, pour them 1 cup of boiling water and leave for an hour. The resulting volume should be drunk during the day, before straining, to get rid of the symptoms of the disease;
6. pour 1.5 cups of boiling water 2 tsp. Alfalfa and leave to infuse for half an hour, then strain and use in small portions throughout the day;
7. 1 tsp. Sophora need to pour a glass of boiling water and leave in a thermos for the whole night. The resulting volume of decoction is taken to relieve the symptoms of pancreatitis during the day. For elimination of symptoms, the course can be continued for 10 days, then a three-week break should be taken;
8. 50 g of crushed dandelion roots fill in a glass of boiled water and leave to infuse for 2 hours. Drink infusion in the case of exacerbation of pancreatitis 3 times a day before eating half the glass;
9. with exacerbation of inflammation of the pancreas, take this herbal tea: take 1 tbsp. L.Collection, including chemist's chamomile, St. John's wort, immortelle and birch buds, and fill it with half a liter of boiling water. Infuse the broth for 10 minutes. Drink the remedy for pancreatitis as tea, if necessary, the addition of a small amount of honey or jam.

Folk remedies for the treatment of pancreatitis and the removal of symptoms at home can be taken only as an additional therapy, rather than the main one.

Before using any medications and drugs to treat pancreatitis, you should consult your doctor.