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Gomspalt hos människor: orsaken till felet korrigeringsmetoder

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The wolf's mouth is a congenital pathology, manifested as a cleft in the middle of the sky.This disease is accompanied by a violation of respiratory function, difficulties in eating.Pathology is fraught with the development of numerous complications, and therefore requires urgent compulsory treatment!

Table of contents: The cleft palate: the causes of the defect. Manifestations of pathology. What is the danger of pathology?The wolf mouth: operation

The cleft palate: the causes of the

defect The cleft palate develops during the intrauterine development, as a result of improper coalescence of the facial bone tissues.

Note: wolf mouth is considered to be one of the most widespread congenital pathologies.According to statistical data, this disease occurs in about one in 1,000 newborn babies!

According to doctors, the following factors can trigger the birth of a child with a wolf mouth:

  • genetic predisposition;
  • Volchya guba wrong way of life of the future mother, smoking and alcohol abuse;
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  • adverse environmental conditions;
  • severe form of toxicosis;
  • the use of narcotic substances and strong medicament preparations( especially during the first trimester of pregnancy);
  • late pregnancy( the mother's age group is over 35);
  • obesity;
  • effects on the body of pregnant toxic substances;
  • deficiency of folic acid;
  • traumatic abdominal injuries during pregnancy;
  • tumor neoplasms localized in the uterine region;
  • is an infectious-inflammatory disease.

To lead to the birth of a baby with a pathological, abnormal structure of the sky can also frequent psychoemotional shocks, overwork, excessive physical activity and improper nutrition of the future mother!

Manifestations of pathology

The cleft palate is not an acquired cosmetic defect. This pathology manifests itself immediately after the appearance of the baby and is characterized by the following clinical signs:

  • Guba volk respiratory failure;
  • difficulty in eating food( the septum between the nose and oral cavity in the child is absent, so both food and liquid can penetrate into the nose);
  • hearing disorders;
  • violation of speech function;
  • delays in mental and physical development

In addition, such children are especially susceptible to depressive conditions, often become objects of ridicule on the part of their peers, which leads to psychoemotional injuries and the development of an inferiority complex!

What is the danger of pathology?

In the absence of timely, competent treatment, such a pathology as the cleft palate can lead to the development of the following extremely undesirable complications:

  • curvature of teeth;
  • incorrect bite;
  • hearing loss, down to total deafness;
  • speech disorders;
  • respiratory tract disease;
  • otitis media;
  • sinusitis.

Important! The wolf's mouth causes serious problems with the social adaptation of the child, the difficulty in choosing a profession and the organization of the personal life of !

Therefore, if parents want to protect their child from severe physical illness and psychological trauma, then the wolf's mouth must be treated and, preferably, as soon as possible!

The cleft palate: Operation

Treatment of the wolf mouth is performed by surgery.This operation is called uranoplasty.Surgical treatment is aimed at eliminating abnormal, pathological cleavage in the region of the sky.

Volk guba

During the operation, a specialist closes the cleavage with a tissue flap taken from the near areas of the oropharynx of the patient himself.Thus, the integrity of the palatine tissues and the middle pharyngeal compartment is restored.

After this, the small patient is stitched, the palatal surface is treated with an antiseptic solution.At the end of the procedure, the doctor temporarily places a fixative palatine plate.

As a result of successful uranoplasty, the following can be achieved:

  • elimination of an external defect;
  • normalization of respiratory function;
  • possibility of full-fledged speech development;
  • normalization of food intake processes.

After the obligatory recovery and rehabilitation period, the child's condition is normalized and he begins to develop, like all other children!

When is uranoplasty contraindicated?

Surgical treatment of the wolf mouth, like other operations, has a number of limitations and contraindications. Specialists do not recommend surgical intervention in the following cases:

  • Operacia pneumonia;
  • anemia;
  • spinal hernial formations;
  • respiratory diseases occurring in an acute form;
  • acute infectious diseases;
  • pulmonary pathology;
  • Hypoplasia of the lung;
  • cardiovascular disease in a complicated form;
  • respiratory distress;
  • attacks of suffocation;
  • severe developmental malformations.

Please note : Before performing a surgical intervention, you should consult with such specialists as speech therapist, pediatrician, neurologist, otolaryngologist and maxillofacial surgeon!

Basic principles of treatment

It is recommended to conduct uronoplasty correcting the hard palate when the baby grows a little. Effective and safe surgical treatment of wolf mouth requires mandatory compliance with the following principles:

  • phased implementation;
  • individual determination of the optimal age for the operation;
  • completion of therapy before the age of seven children.

Note: according to doctors, it is best to conduct uranoplasty in the period from 3 to 6 years!

In the preschool period, babies are well tolerated by cosmetic surgery and have time to fully recover before entering school!After a successful uranoplasty and a rehabilitation course, a disability is removed from the child, and he gets the opportunity to live a full life, develop normally and learn!

Care in the post-operation period

Otitis-y-child To completely eliminate the problem of the wolf's mouth, a small patient will most likely have to undergo a number of surgical interventions.For several weeks the child should be in the clinic, under the constant supervision of specialists.

Small patients are prescribed antibiotic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs, which are selected individually.Every few days, doctors make dressings and massage joints.

For the most rapid recovery and prevention of possible complications, it is important to ensure the child the correct, full-fledged care.

To achieve these goals, parents should heed the following recommendations of specialists:

  1. For a few days after the surgery, provide a small patient with bed rest and absolute rest.
  2. To feed the baby with light food( liquid or chipped), at room temperature.
  3. Pay special attention to the hygiene of the child's oral cavity.

Note: the duration of the recovery period after uranoplasty can be, on average, from 2 weeks to 1.5 months.

Rehabilitation course

Volk guba So that the baby with the wolf mouth syndrome could fully recover, just carrying out the operation on uranoplasty will not be enough!A full rehabilitation course involves monitoring a specialist such as a dentist-orthodontist who monitors the normal development of the child's upper jaw, the formation of a proper bite and the ratio of the dentition.

It is necessary to engage with such children with speech therapists and defectologists.Such exercises are necessary for the normal development of speech function, correction of breathing, setting up correct speech and eliminating possible speech defects.Also, the speech therapist-defectologist is engaged in the development of the child's soft palate and improvement of his articulation.It is important to pass such a course precisely at the preschool age so that the child can enter a normal school and develop fully!

It is necessary that after the transferred uranoplasty( during the rehabilitation period) the child is constantly observed in the children's otolaryngologist.After all, these babies are especially prone to diseases and pathologies of the upper respiratory tract.

The full rehabilitation course after the transferred uranoplasty includes the following:

  • exercises in therapeutic gymnastics;
  • courses of speech therapy massage;
  • physiotherapy procedures.

The results of the surgical procedure become noticeable a few weeks after the operation, when the swelling goes away.Remains on the face of the scars can be removed later with a laser.

How to warn?

Prevention plays an important role in preventing the appearance of a baby with a wolf mouth. When expecting a child, the expectant mother should take special care of her health and observe the following recommendations of specialists:

  1. Hare-lip Refrain from smoking( including passive), drinking alcohol and drugs.
  2. It's right, fully nutrition.
  3. Take vitamin and mineral complexes for pregnant women, calcium and folic acid preparations.
  4. Avoid excessive physical exertion.
  5. It's a good time to rest and it's a good idea to get enough sleep.
  6. Avoid stressful situations and psychoemotional shocks.
  7. Monitor your weight, avoiding excessive collection of extra pounds during pregnancy.
  8. Discontinue work related to harmful production, heavy lifting, exposure to chemicals and excessive physical overload.
  9. Avoid traumatic abdominal and internal injuries.
  10. Regularly perform ultrasound and visit specialists in the event of any health problems.

Timely uranoplasty and subsequent rehabilitation course will save the baby from the wolf's mouth.The general medical prognosis for this disease is quite favorable!

Elena Sovinskaya, medical reviewer


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