Unpleasant smell of urine - causes and symptoms

If the person is healthy, then his urine will have a light yellow color, should be transparent, and the smell should not be unpleasant, caustic shades.The appearance of an extremely unpleasant odor may indicate the development of pathology, not only in the urinary tract, but also in other body systems.Unfortunately, people generally do not attach importance to the unpleasant odor of urine, and postpone the visit to the doctor.But this sign can become one of the symptoms of the development of complex, with severe course of diseases.

Contents: Diseases of the genitourinary system Diabetes Mellitus Metabolic disorders External factors Unpleasant odor of urine in the child

Diseases of the genitourinary system

The most common cause of the appearance of a caustic ammonia flavor in urine is infectious diseases of the urinary system - for example, cystitis( inflammation of the urinary wallA bladder), a pyelonephritis( an inflammation of calyxes and lohanok kidneys), a urethritis( an inflammation of walls of an urethra).The appearance of an unpleasant odor is due to the ingestion of pathogenic bacteria and the products of their vital activity into the urine.It is the unpleasant, pungent smell of urine that often becomes the first symptom of these pathologies, for a long time it can generally be present in a single quantity.But usually, along with the symptom in question, there are traumatic pains in the lower back or in the area of ​​the anatomical location of the bladder, pain and burning during urination, cloudy urine.

Cystitis may also have an infectious origin.This inflammatory process in the walls of the bladder can develop as a result of long-term use of drugs that have an irritant effect on the stipulated organ of the urinary system.In this case, the smell of urine will be characterized as chemical, pharmacy.

The development of more serious inflammatory processes, which are characterized by suppuration, will be accompanied by putrefactive odor of urine.The same symptom will appear in the case of the formation of urinary and rectal fistula - such pathological conditions require immediate medical intervention.

In men, an unpleasant odor of urine may indicate a progression of prostate inflammation.But in this case the symptom in question will not be the only one, the man will necessarily make a complaint about pain syndrome in the perineal region, sexual dysfunction and difficulty with urination.

Women should be alerted by the pungent smell of urine, which is intensified after intercourse - this symptom may indicate the presence of sexually transmitted diseases or disorders of the vaginal microflora.For the same reasons, an unpleasant smell of urine appears in a woman after childbirth.

Diabetes mellitus

If urine has a sharp acetone odor, this clearly indicates the presence of ketones in it.And this, in turn, is one of the symptoms of diabetes mellitus.As a rule, the acetone smell of urine is accompanied by increased thirst, constant dryness in the mouth, spasms of the calf muscles, weight loss, too much urine output.The same signs can appear in a woman during pregnancy, and in this case, doctors will conduct tests for the development of gestational diabetes.

Note: acetone smell of urine may appear not only in the development of diabetes mellitus.The same symptom is inherent in such pathological conditions as dehydration, starvation, severe infectious diseases.

Metabolic disorders

If the body has metabolic disturbances, then the smell of urine will "tell" it: "

1. Unpleasant fishy smell.It may indicate trimethylaminuria, a rare disease associated with metabolic disturbances.This pathology is characterized by the accumulation of trimethylamine - this substance and gives the urine a smell of fish.
2. Mouse odor.It will be characteristic for phenylketonuria - a genetic disease that is characterized by a violation of the amino acid exchange phenylalanine.As the pathology progresses, the accumulation of this acid in the tissues of the body takes place, an increase in its quantity in the urine - this is what gives the urine a murky smell.
3. Smell of burnt sugar or maple syrup.It appears in leucinosis - a hereditary disease, in which the activity of the enzyme system decreases.Leucinosis manifests itself from the first days of a newborn's life and requires emergency treatment.

In addition, urine can acquire the smell of mold, beer, sour cabbage, sulfur, sweat - this will also indicate a progressive violation of metabolic processes in the body.In any case, you should immediately contact a specialist.

External factors

It is worth knowing that the appearance of an unpleasant odor in the urine does not always indicate the development of pathology in the body.A completely healthy person may also face this problem!It is well known that alcohol and some food products( for example, spicy dishes, asparagus, salty foods) contain substances that make the urine extremely unpleasant smell.Doctors recommend waiting 48 hours - it is during this period that the smell of urine should be restored, otherwise it is necessary to seek qualified medical help.

In some cases, the unpleasant odor of urine appears against the background of prolonged intake of antibacterial drugs and vitamins-especially ciprofloxacin and ampicillin, vitamins of group B. Most often this problem is solved: it is enough to stop taking these medications and the odor of urine is normalized within5-7 days.

Note: , the appearance of a sharp ammonia smell of urine may be due to imbalance in the background of diets and dehydration.To eliminate the syndrome, you need to adjust the diet and consume at least one and a half liters of water per day.

Unpleasant odor of urine in a child

In newborns, urine generally does not have any smell( provided the baby's absolute health), as it grows, the smell becomes identical to that of adults. The appearance of an unpleasant odor of urine may be due to the following factors:

1. Hereditary diseases associated with metabolic disturbances.In this case, an unpleasant smell of urine will appear from the first hours of life of a newborn, diagnostic activities and treatment are conducted in the maternity hospital.
2. Inflammatory diseases.Moreover, they can flow in the urinary system, and in other organs / systems of the body.For example, with a common cold, the child will have a fever, the body will lack fluid, which leads to an increase in the concentration of urine and the appearance of an unpleasant smell of urine.

Note: appearance of an unpleasant odor of urine in a child is not always a sign of the development of pathological processes in his body.For example, if the infant is breastfed, an unpleasant smell of urine may appear if the mother used cabbage for food.Strengthen the smell of urine can change the milk formula, the introduction of complementary foods.

Doctors say that in most cases, the unpleasant odor of urine in a child is not associated with the development of any pathological process.However, parents should pay the pediatrician's attention to this syndrome.

Unpleasant odor of urine can become the main and only symptom of quite complex diseases.If you seek timely qualified medical help, then serious complications can be avoided in most cases.

Tsygankova Yana Aleksandrovna, medical reviewer, therapeutist of the highest qualification category