What does the agglutination in spermogramme

What is agglutination of sperm and how is it treated?

There are a lot of men's health pathologies that can lead to significant problems with conceiving a baby naturally. One of them is the agglutination of spermatozoa.

Under the sperm agglutination meant pathological "sticking" them together. In this situation, the male sex cells are simply not able to carry out all the vital functions that nature has endowed them.

All the normal male sex cells are separated by some distance. This happens thanks to their special properties: they all have a negative charge, and are repelled from the surface to each other.

The main method of laboratory studies to diagnose this pathological condition is a semen analysis. To perform this survey should be a man just to get ready, and then pass on semen analysis.

In spermogramme besides detecting abnormal sperm adhesion can be determined, and other clinical symptoms. This qualitative and quantitative analysis gives physicians a lot of information about the presence of any abnormalities in the male body.

Several distinct types of abnormal clumping of male germ cells. Each of them is characterized by its own course of development and has a distinctive clinical features.

In this situation, the male sex cells stick together. This can happen in any of their departments: for example, they may stick to only the head or neck, or in the tails.

Also available in these situations, When sperm stick together with each other all over. Such situations have usually poorer prognosis.

The danger of the true form that male germ cells begin to lose their ability for active movement. This contributes to the fact that the possibility of a natural fertilization is reduced by several times.

This clinical variant is also called non-specific. In this situation, the sperm are not directly interconnected clumped. They are connected to each other through the biological substratesThat surround them. These include including epithelial cells and mucus.

In the future, the accuracy of the survey results will strongly influence the drafting of treatment. It is important that the diagnosis was conducted by experienced specialists. In this case, the risk of incorrect results significantly lower.

Some researchers may also call this option combined. It is characterized by a combination of the first two types of agglutination.

In the case of the development of the disease state sperm begin to stick not only directly between themselves but also be glued by means of different biological substrates.

As sperm can stick together due to the fact that the outside of them covers a lot of sperm antibodies. Such pathological condition reduces required for sufficient mobility of the negative charge. This ultimately leads to agglutination.

Many scientists believe that the main reason for the development of the disease state is a violation of the blood-testis barrier properties. Normally, it is necessary for the normal functioning of reproductive organs.

This barrier serves as a shield between the immune system and reproductive organs. If it for some reason begin to decline function, then it ultimately contributes to the development of pathological conditions.

The reasons contributing to this disorder, there is quite a lot. Often the development of this pathological condition cause a variety of diseases of intimate male organs. Most often, they are chronic.

It also happens that the man for a long time simply does not know what disease he has. This often happens because of the fact that he is out of time, consult a doctor. This is understandable, because the problem is very intimate.

The danger of many of them is that for quite a long time they simply do not appear. A man for a long time do not bother, so he does not go to the doctor in a timely manner.

Sexually transmitted diseases with a long development can be quite a sad prognosis. In this case, the provision of treatment will take much more time and is usually quite expensive.

The consequences of surgical operations performed on the reproductive organs, can also cause the development of sperm agglutination. The list of pathologies, leading to the development of sperm clumping, operations are performed on the testicles.

Injuries intimate organs may also contribute to the development of sperm agglutination. Most often damaged two of the most vulnerable organ - seminiferous tubules of the testes and soft tissue. As a rule, the consequences of such injuries are distant and adverse symptoms can occur in men after a few years after the damage is done.

Chronic diseases of the genitourinary system also contribute to pathological coalescence of male sex cells.

pathology data lead to the appearance of large amounts of leucocytes in semen. Such a pathological condition called "leykospermiya".

Also to the development of abnormal clumping of sperm can lead dishormonal disorders, varicocele, congenital defects in the structure of the reproductive organs (Often underdevelopment of the testicles), long-term use of certain medications, anemic condition, as well as cystic fibrosis.

The severity of clinical symptoms largely depends on how much agglutination expressed. If the process is insignificant, then suspect any change in appearance only mean sperm will be virtually impossible.

In order to determine the severity of violations, experts use special criteria. They allow them to identify the initial severity of the pathological process.

A plus sign (+) means that in the male ejaculate contains sperm stuck together at least a dozen. This clinical variant is also called isolated.

The findings in the two plus sign (++) indicates that the male ejaculate has more than ten but less than 50 adherent spermatozoa.

Three pluses (+++) already represents a major change. With the development of this form more than fifty sperm are sticky.

The worst option - four pluses (++++). In this case, all sperm strongly glued together. In such a case, and aggregation and agglutination of male germ cells are broken.

If men do not have any pathological changes, such condition doctors call "zoospermia". In this case, significant abnormalities after the study does not show up. In this situation, the analysis may appear remark - abs, that is, the absence of this attribute.

The appearance of the male sperm agglutination - an important occasion for him to see a doctor. Ride the situation is not worth it. Often, this leads only to poor prognosis of the disease and the worse its course.

Selection of treatment tactics determined by the attending physician. They can be andrologist, urologist or reproductive system. It all depends on what exactly causes influenced the development of this condition.

If the cause of violations was venereal disease, then in such a situation, you should immediately turn to venereal diseases. The doctor will make a plan and select appropriate therapy drugs.

In order to eliminate the adverse effects require a course of antibiotic therapy. In some cases, these courses may be several.

After each of them assesses the efficiency. If it is not satisfactory, then it changed to another antibiotic, and held an alternative scheme.

Some situations require additional consultation immunologist. It is particularly important in cases where a man there are obvious signs of impaired functioning of the immune system.

If the cause of violations have become varicose veins intimate organs, be sure to consult with an Operating urologist. To eliminate the adverse symptoms may even require surgical treatment.

In some cases, alternative operations is hormone therapy. When receiving hormonal agents is very important to remember the need to comply with daily dosage and course. Incorrect use can trigger the development of unwanted side effects.

Possibility of natural conception is determined individually. To this end, in addition to sperm agglutination, evaluated a number of properties. A decision on the need for artificial insemination makes the physician taking into account all the surveys.

If natural conception the couple is not possible, held the modern assisted reproduction techniques. In each case, their individual choice and is determined taking into account the existing problems in couples who dream of becoming parents.

On whether it is possible to get pregnant couple with poor semen analysis will tell an experienced doctor in the video below.

A source: http://www.o-krohe.ru/planirovanie-beremennosti/analizy/muzhskie/agglyutinaciya/

What is the agglutination in the semen analysis and how to treat the problem?

semen - a detailed analysis of the ejaculateIn which it held the macroscopic, microscopic and physical and chemical research. This test is carried out in specialized clinics and laboratories of those men who have problems with conception.

The analysis has a lot of options, one of them - the presence or absence of agglutination.

Picture 1. Agglutination - one of the reasons that may be difficulty conceiving a child. Source: Flickr (LifeUnfold Healthcare and Lifestyle).

What is agglutination in spermogramme

Agglutination It is a required parameterWhich is indicated in the semen analysis. Near it can cost five different characters:

OtmetkaOpisanie

—	No agglutination;
+	Revealed sperm gluing unit (5)
++	Bonding of from 5 to 20 sperm;
+++	Revealed large groups of cells stuck together tens;
++++	Almost all of the gametes are glued together.

Agglutination - is an immune response, during which the interaction of the antibody (immunoglobulin), antigen, their compound and precipitation of the immune complex precipitate. such reactions It occurs in the body in response to entering the blood of foreign agents, e.g., bacteria.

Note! Normally, in spermogramme agglutination should not be, its occurrence implies that seminal fluid contains antibodies to the sperm. Normally, these antibodies are not produced in the body.

pathologies

The agglutination can be false and true.

false

In this case, it is not about agglutination, but rather an aggregation. Sperm cells are precipitated due to the interaction with other cells. This is in violation of Rules semen collection. At the same antibodies in seminal fluid is not, on the contrary agglutination in spermogramme worth the + or ++.

When re-deposit, usually this disease is not detected.

true

In this case really going immune response and affect sperm antibodies that agglutinate them. In spermogramme opposite the corresponding parameter can be from + to ++++, depending on the severity of the reaction and the amount of immunoglobulins.

Picture 2. For accurate results, we recommend to carry out a study of sperm 2-3. Source: Flickr (Christian Witte).

The causes of the problem

The main reason for the emergence of true agglutination - education in organism sperm antibodies and their penetration into the seminal fluid.

For these immunoglobulins target antigen are spermatozoa.

A source: http://vylechim-prostatit.ru/urologiya/agglyutinaciya-v-spermogramme-284

What does the agglutination in spermogramme

If a married couple faced with such a problem, as the inability to have a baby, this might be due to the agglutination of semen analysis. However, it should always be remembered that the cause of the inability to have children may be hiding in the female and in the male body.

What is the agglutination in spermogramme?

Semen is the most informative views of the study and to determine the number of problems in the male reproductive system, so the stronger sex is strongly recommended to take this analysis. This not only allows you to see the causes of infertility, but also timely detect serious diseases.

If the semen analysis shows agglutination or other pathologies associated with the male semen, it will be assigned to the appropriate treatment. Most often, of drugs is enough to save a man from infertility.

This method of research is very informative, so experts are trying to assign a semen analysis every time a patient is suspected infertility.

It is often analyzes show agglutination of sperm, which is a serious pathology of the reproductive organs and requires careful treatment. The essence of the term is that sperm simply stick together.

They become immobilized, so the successful fertilization can be no question. In the normal state and the absence of sperm cells pathology must repel each other, which does not reduce their mobility and activity.

This is possible if semen has sufficient negative infectious particles. However it happens and so that the mobility of male cells is reduced, so the sperm simply can not reach the egg and fertilize it, even in the most favorable circumstances.

Semen can be identified and the true and false agglutination. If the problem is real, the seminal fluid of the patient cells will be merged with each other, becoming heavy and immobile.

False agglutination, which is also called atypical, shows the fusion of sperm cells with the particles that were previously destroyed. In addition, they can adhere to the particles to the epithelium and antibodies.

All this has a negative impact on the ability of the male fluid to achieve its goal, ie the egg.

pathology Causes

There are several factors that can affect the development of this problem. The most common cause is becoming infectious disease. In addition, the bonding occurs, if the patient's immune system is seriously compromised. This is affected by various diseases.

Some chromosomal abnormalities, due to which the immune cells begin to make seminal fluid as foreign bodies, also lead to the development of agglutination. As a result, very male body begins to produce antibodies against the sperm.

Cells were neutralized and lose its activity, then simply glued together.

Among the problems that affect the development of the agglutination is to provide injured genitals, particularly the testicles, complications after surgery and pathology of male reproductive system.

How dangerous agglutination?

If seed pair for a long time can not become parents, need to be examined. In this case, one of the first tests, which will be appointed for men is the semen analysis. This diagnostic method to determine a number of different pathologies and assign the best treatment to allow the pair to know the joy of replenishment of the family.

If the semen analysis shows that the patient has a problem such as sperm agglutination, prior to not get good treatment to conceive a child.

However, do not despair, as the majority of pathologies that lead to the appearance of agglutination, it is possible to eliminate drugs. It is important to achieve such a result to sperm again began to repel each other.

So they can remain mobile in order to make it to the female egg. Most often with proper and timely treatment to achieve a good result can be quite fast.

But most importantly, it is time to pass inspection. Semen analysis is the most accurate method to identify the pathology of sex organs in men and to determine the quality of semen. Moreover, this diagnostic method makes it possible to see the extent of the disease, ie the specialist will be able to very accurately prescribe treatment.

In order to pass this procedure, please refer to the andrologist. Further analysis will be assigned to which you want to collect semen. Sperm examined under a microscope, and then carried out data decoding. Re semen analysis is performed rarely, as an expert always receives enough reliable information on the first try.

Semen analysis shows the presence of all the pathologies that are associated with the male semen. But keep in mind that when a patient is diagnosed with agglutination in the semen analysis, this is not a sentence.

In some stages of the disease the motor activity of the cells is reduced only partially, so the couple has all chances to conceive a child, even though they will be lower than in healthy people.

Even the running situation often treatable, so do not need to despair.

How to prepare for a semen analysis?

To get the correct results, it is necessary to conduct pre-deployment training to this diagnostic study. This applies primarily to abstinence from sexual intercourse. It is advisable to take a break in their sexual activity for 5-7 days. This will provide a concentrated sperm, which will be better all possible pathology seen.

Furthermore, it is necessary to abstain from alcohol, medication and strong coffee. All this may have an impact on the state of male seminal fluid, semen so the results may be unreliable.

The man, who has to undergo a similar procedure to determine the cause of infertility, should to take time off from visiting saunas and baths, as high temperatures may change the composition of the seed liquid.

Is the material by the man. To do this, use a condom or a special container. When a patient visits a medical institution, it so that it could safely collect semen for further study, separate room. Shelf life of the material is 3 hr. During this time, semen analysis should be carried out.

How to overcome infertility with sperm agglutination?

Deciphering semen allows accurately determine the condition of the man's semen. Depending on this, it will be assigned to the appropriate treatment.

Inflammation and immune problems often eliminate medical drugs. However, if they do not work, it can be assigned to an alternative method for the fertilization of the egg.

In the case where the semen analysis shows that in the semen there is still a certain amount of active cells, despite the agglutination, sperm may be introduced directly into a woman using catheter.

This is a very simple and painless procedure, which at times increases the chances of successful fertilization. Such technology is called artificial insemination.

A source: http://urolg.ru/diag/sperm/agglyutinaciya-v-spermogramme.html

sperm agglutination

The mechanism of development is simple:

1. Damage to the blood-testis barrier.
2. Attack sperm natural antibodies.
3. Generation of sperm bodies.
4. Clumping of sperm.

The root cause agglutination of sperm is the contravention blood-testis barrier function or shield, not allowing the immune system is formed sperm.

Each gamete It has exactly half of the required chromosomes. For this reason, the immune system sees them as inferior, and therefore - the alien to be destroyed. It is natural antibodies found in the serum begin to "attack" cells of the seminal fluid, including and sperm themselves.

Moreover, in violation of works blood-testis barrier immune system "finds" sperm and trying to destroy them, he begins to actively produce specific proteins - antisperm body, which, in turn, being attached to the surface of the sperm destroys its tiny negative charge. Because of this, the sperm can not start from their own kind, and faces, and stick together with others and cells of particles present in the ejaculate.

Due to the variety of influencing factors on spermatogenesis, the reasons for the occurrence of sperm agglutination as much:

• Various autoimmune inflammatory processes (e.g., a weak immune system, inflammation of the sex glands and m. P.).
• Violation of sperm production process.
• Varicocele - a violation of the spermatozoa themselves.
• Retrograde ejaculation (a phenomenon when the sperm enters the bladder).
• Immunological infertility.
• Obstruction (as cause agglutination of sperm).
• Prolonged chronic diseases.
• Infantilism (underdevelopment) of the genitals.
• Cryptorchidism.
• The use of alcohol, drugs, toxic substances.
• The use of certain drugs.
• Venereal diseases.

Causes of blood-testis barrier function

blood-testis barrier It is a physical barrier between blood vessels and the seminiferous tubules. It consists of specific Sertoli cells.

The reasons that cause the destruction of the protective blood-testis barrier include a number of factors:

1. Tekstikul injury (testicles).
2. Infections of various etiologies (different origins).
3. Other complications after surgery in the reproductive organs.
4. Inflammation of the male reproductive system organs.

From this it follows that the phenomenon of agglutination of sperm - it's just accompanying the underlying disease pathology, a kind - a symptom.

diagnosis of the disease

diagnose agglutination sperm can be only in the laboratory. To do this, man must pass a certain amount of sperm for semen morphology by Kruger. Before the study, the patient must undergo semen MAR- test.

1. MAR-test - Allows you to find out the percentage of soot
2. this test to determine the number of sperm that are unsuitable for the process of fertilization the egg as a percentage.
3. If the result this test will be 50%, and more viable germ cells, such a test is interpreted as positive.
4. Also, MAR-test It can be made by examining the venous blood.

semen - microscopic examination of the semen.

1. Performed this study to determine the morphological structure of sperm, its fertility, the presence of inflammation in the male reproductive system. sperm agglutination - one of the indicators defined in the semen analysis. Besides it is determined viscosity,
   volume, thinning speed, color, presence of blood, mucus, erythrocytes, number of leucocytes, etc.
2. semen is one of the most deployed of research, and hence - the most popular among doctors.
3. It is important to to select a sample, otherwise the result may be unreliable. Optimally select the required volume of sperm directly into the lab on their own, with the help of masturbation.

sperm agglutination in spermogramme denoted "+", and may be 4 degrees.

It is interpreted as follows:

• «+» - is characterized by small groups bound together "spermatozoa" is not more than 5 pieces.
• «++» - characterized mini groups of 10 - 20 sperm.
• «+++» - there is a large group of up to 5 pieces, each of which contains more than 20 sperm.
• «++++» - the most "severe" level - when the sperm stuck together occupy almost the entire field of view.

But you should be careful in spermorgramme there is another figure, very similar to the agglutination of spermatozoa - aggregation. The presence of this parameter indicates the presence of sperm accumulation areas. Aggregation significantly reduces their motor skills, which also is the physiological norm, and suggests irregularities in the body.

agglutination treatment

Treatment of such diseases It is carried out only after all the necessary analysis and research. This is due to the fact that by itself agglutination is not an independent disease, but only accompanied by an underlying disease is only a symptom (as mentioned above).

Based on a true disease, the doctor makes a treatment regimen. If necessary, the doctor may have to adjust it.

• In identifying the inflammatory process conducted a comprehensive medical conservative treatment (no surgery). Previously, if we are talking about an infection, carried out studies to identify the causative agent (Bacteriological examination and serological and, where possible - podtitrovka antimicrobials)
• In the case of diagnostic varicocele, Veins pampiniform plexus or other diseases that require the participation of the surgeon - conduct an appropriate, adequate diagnosis treatment. At the same time, like any other surgical disease, they are treated not only with a scalpel, but the appropriate medication.
• Sometimes the doctor uses to treat hormone. As a rule, this method is directed to an artificial increase in the level of testosterone in the male body.
• Also used and popular recipes, diet, sports. When such a low sperm agglutination method is most preferred.

Effect on the agglutination of sperm possibility of conception and methods for treating pathologies

sperm agglutination It can not help but affect the child's conception process. With even a slight degree of agglutination, should refrain from trying to get pregnant.

Conception with a high degree of agglutination can not occur, and with a small - perhaps. But as a result of a pregnancy is a good chance to give birth to an unhealthy child with chromosomal abnormalities.

Mostly agglutination successfully cured by drugs under medical supervision and the ability of sperm to fertilize a normal egg is completely restored.

If the degree of the agglutination is high, the treatment can not give the desired effect, ie. K. Agglutination in this case due to some of the previously listed extensive pathological conditions.

In such cases, doctors recommend IVF (in vitro fertilization) or ICSI (the method of intrauterine insemination)

What if detected agglutination of sperm?

If you have identified sperm agglutination need to see a urologist or andrologist. Doctor will prescribe the necessary examinations An exploded, and later, according to the results - treatment. Also, the doctor will explain how to change your diet and possibly lifestyle for successful treatment of this disease.

A source: http://mzdorovie.ru/bolezni/agglyutinaciya-spermatozoida.html

Agglutination in semen analysis and conception: extent, causes and treatment of disease

To assess male fertility, that is, the ability of his sperm to fertilize an egg, are conducting a study of the seminal fluid. This analysis is called semen.

The result indicates the number of sperm in the ejaculate, their mobility, the number of pathological forms. Some men on the background of normal indicators sometimes agglutination in semen analysis.

This pathology is one of the many causes of infertility in men. However, do not despair, because this deviation is treatable.

What is agglutination?

To begin with we shall understand, what is the agglutination in the semen analysis. So the concept is called bonding of male sperm with each other. Under the microscope during semen analysis agglutination observed in the form of small clots.

Glued sperm heads, tails and necks. Some cells stick together at once in several portions. Due to the adhesion of the sperm can not fertilize an egg and lose mobility. Agglutination and conception - concepts incompatible.

Allocate some degree of agglutination in semen analysis:

• "-" - no agglutination (this is normal);
• "+" - contains minor sporadic formation of bonded sperm (no more than five cells in each group);
• "++" - visualized unit groups, each of which 10-20 spermatozoa;
• "+++" - five in the ejaculate revealed significant groups of cells stuck together (in each such group tens of sperm);
• "++++" - a significant portion of germ cells is in the glued state.

If agglutination of semen analysis, the ability of male fertility depends on the number of germ cells glued together. The more sperm is in the glued state, the lower the probability of conception. Even if agglutination detected 1 in semen analysis, conducted additional research:

• bakposev ejaculate to detect infections;
• MAR-test.

Causes of agglutination

If the diagnosis of agglutination, it is in the semen analysis, we understand. Now consider the causes of this phenomenon. Sperm agglutination occurs for the following reasons:

1. Trauma of the scrotum and testicles, accompanied by damage to the capillaries and the seminiferous tubules. As a result, sperm cells enter the blood, after which the immune system makes the appropriate response.
2. Genitourinary infections. The thing is that bacteria, viruses and fungi can be fixed on the membrane of sperm. Because of this, the immune system produces antibodies that fight disease pathogens and cause agglutination of sperm.
3. Various inflammatory diseases (e.g., orchitis, vesicles, and prostate).
4. Poorly performed surgery in the genital area.

development mechanism

To identify pathology is semen, plus agglutination and more are found in the presence of predisposing factors. The development of germ cells occurs in the spermatogenic epithelium lining the seminiferous tubules.

As part of this epithelium is Sertoli cells, which are tightly joined together and form a barrier between the bloodstream and tubules. This barrier is necessary to avoid contact with blood and sperm to provoke the immune system to respond.

The thing is that the immune system considers the germ cells as foreign elements, and produces them against sperm antibodies (abbreviated as ACAT).

These immune agents bind to antigens on the surface of sperm cells and provoke their bonding. Because of this disturbed motility, ie developing asthenozoospermia. As a result, these cells can not penetrate the egg and diagnose immune infertility.

disease treatment

Even if there is one plus agglutination in semen analysis, pathology should be treated. In identifying the agglutination is first necessary to understand the reasons that cause this condition. Treatment is directed at addressing the primary disease:

1. If the reason was the inflammation of the urogenital tract, the therapy is aimed at their elimination.
2. If the blood-testis barrier breach has occurred due varicocele or injury, then the operation is shown.

Normally, after the treatment capacity of sperm mobility and fertility is restored. But the effect is only in cases not started. If the causes agglutination immunological problems of the male body, instead of a long, difficult, and sometimes impossible to treat the pair offer to use reproductive technologies:

• when a sufficient number of healthy cells is carried out a special treatment for the purification of ACAT pathological forms of filtered (after the return of sperm motility performed intrauterine Insemination);
• with insufficient healthy sperm carried IVF or IVF in conjunction with ICSI.

Nutrition for agglutination

For the treatment of diseases it is important to correct the man power. First of all it is important to give up smoking and alcohol. Ethanol and nicotine reduce the motility and provoke the appearance of pathological forms.

When agglutination should be present in the diet of many products with vitamin C. Useful to use currants, citrus fruits, strawberries, red bell peppers, blueberries, raspberries, cranberries, blackberries, cherries and sea buckthorn. Also on the menu to include seafood, nuts, meat and beans. For replenishment of antioxidants useful to drink fruit and vegetable juices.

A source: https://ManExpert.ru/andrologiya/sperma/agglyutinatsiya-v-spermogramme.html

Agglutination - cause of infertility men

For the conception of the child it is important that the partners were healthy. Not only the woman's body to be ready for it. It is important that the male sex glands produce healthy and active sperm that can fertilize an egg.

If a girl for a long time can not get pregnant, both partners need to see a doctor. Men in this case, you must pass the semen analysis. On the basis of this study, doctors determine the state of germ cells. After all, one of the common causes of infertility in men is the bonding of sperm - agglutination.

What is agglutination of sperm?

Is a medical term - a certain number of germ cells are men who have not lost their mobility, but can not perform its primary function. Thus two gametes glued together.

This pathological process can be observed both in patients and in healthy men. Normally, they repel each other, as are negatively charged, so spermagglyutinatsiya occurs.

There are several types of agglutination:

Bad test results

• true or specific. When sticking occurs heads or tails resulting spermatozoa lose their mobility and ability to fertilize;
• false - merging gametes sperm fractions, while they also lose the ability to move normally.

  It is also called non-specific agglutination;

• Mixed - sperm can stick together or with other components of seminal fluid. Diagnosed infrequently.

Visually, you will notice the change in the structure of the seminal fluid, it is noticeably thickens, and it formed lumps.

4 degree of bonding that point in spermiogram:

1. Isolated (+) - semen mark less than ten glued germ cells.
2. The average degree of (++) - from 10 to 50 agglomerated gametes.
3. A significant degree (+++) - such cells> 50.
4. Severe (++++) - all the sperm in the semen glued.

Why is this happening?

agglutination process is started at the time when the germ cells appear antisperm antibodies (ACAT). They act on the spermatozoa in such a way that they begin to stick together or with other cellular structures.

The organism protects germ cells from male contact with blood, which can occur in the seminiferous tubules. Therefore, there Sertoli cells (gemetotestikulyarny barrier).

They also protect sperm cells from the body's own immune system, which they would have been destroyed, apart from alien, all because they contain a haploid set of chromosomes, only half of the full set of other cells body.

When these important cells lose their function, sperm contact with the immune system, which begins to destroy them, taking over the alien. At this point, the production of agglutinins they cover gametes. Between them, a strong bond is formed, causing the cells to lose their primary function and ability to move.

Reasons bonding germ cells

Agglutination of seminal fluid may occur for many reasons. In the first place there is a malfunction of the immune system, the body becomes vulnerable to the action of environmental factors.

Funds are also such basic factors:

Anatomy of the genitourinary system

• injury of the reproductive system;
• hormonal changes;
• inflammatory processes that develop in the genitals;
• malfunction of the immune system;
• pathology of sweat glands;
• infectious nature of the disease;
• change semen structure;
• heredity;
• bad habits;
• taking certain medications;
• venereal diseases.

Because of injuries pelvic organs can be squeezed or displaced. It also damaged tissue that surround the genitals, broken their power, and the cells begin to die. In this environment developed inflammatory process, in which both the agglutination.

Hormonal balance is very important for normal functioning of the whole body, including the reproductive system. On the amount of testosterone in the blood, the male sex hormone dependent on the appearance of erection and sperm production. If the body produces it in insufficient quantities, disrupted spermatogenesis.

If the seminal fluid in which the cells move through the genital tract to become too viscous, the sperm just beginning to stick to its components, their movement speed slows down. This is because the level of peptides increases.

When the body develops an infectious nature of the disease, often accompanied by inflammation. Pathogens destroy healthy cells in the body, the exposed area accumulates dead cells. If this process occurs in the reproductive organs, developing a false agglutination. When the sperm begin to stick together with the dead cells.

Diagnostics

diagnostic measures

Agglutination, it is diagnosed and put patients only after receiving spermiogram results. But before you pass muster, the patient needs to make MAR-test.

This special study, which shows the mobility of damaged sperm antibodies gametes, their numbers correlate with the number of normal cells.

Since damaged proteins cells on spermagramme will be included in the percentage of normal.

To pass the test you need to pass the sperm and blood from a vein. It is better to pass both tests in one day.

If the number of healthy germ cells for more than 50%, this is a positive result.

In spematogramme painted state of seminal fluid in more detail. The sperm is collected through masturbation into a sterile container, it can be done in a hospital or at home. Bring on the biomaterial analysis should be no later than one hour after collection.

treatment of the disease

Doctors not only diagnose agglutination, but also to find out the cause of the development process. Only then prescribe appropriate treatment, which is aimed at addressing the causes. If the disease is contagious nature, prescribe drugs that will kill harmful microorganisms.

There are two main ways of treatment, surgical and medical.

If a man suffers from chronic diseases, drugs that he regularly takes, may affect sperm state. Some medications can lead to the death of reproductive cells or to a breach of their development.

Therefore, if during the treatment of a suspicion of the development process, the bonding of germ cells, it is necessary to talk with your doctor.

If you need to pass the semen analysis, medication may have to stop, it should also be discussed with your doctor.

Doctors prescribe antibiotics for combating microorganisms. After receiving the data rate of drugs administered to the patient nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. They reduce the tone of tissues and relieve inflammation. So the body quickly cleared of dead cells, it promotes sperm recovery.

only in those cases resort to surgery when semivyvodnye way affects the vascular system diseases (varicocele second and third degree). Also, in the case of twisting in the treatment of testicular and last stage of prostatic adenoma.

For successful fertilization, the sperm are washed. When healthy cells are separated from the damaged. Further purified sperm injected into a woman's vagina for fertilization. If this does not occur, the sperm enter special syringe directly into the uterine body.

Agglutination of sperm is one of the causes of infertility. Therefore, if the couple for a long time can not conceive a child, they should contact the experts.

A source: http://prostamed.ru/diagnostika/agglyutinaciya-prichina-besplodiya-muzhchin.html