Nausea: causes, treatment, a symptom of what diseases it is

With nausea, an unpleasant sensation arises in the upper abdomen, oral cavity, causing discomfort, further provoking the human body to a gag reflex.

Nausea occurs when irritated nerves transmit information to the center of vomiting, located in the cerebral cortex. There are many places in the human body where short-term signals can come from. Nausea is a common condition of the body that accompanies a large number of diseases and situations. Nausea can be caused by overeating, eating more than normal, pregnancy, motion sickness.

Causes of nausea

Nausea is a protective reaction of the body, signaling a malfunction in the state of the body, warning a person about the need to visit a doctor. It is not an unreasonable, not a disease, it is a symptomatic phenomenon. The causes are signs of a disease of the organs of the human body.

Possible diseases causing nausea:

1. Stomach disease. Gastritis, peptic ulcer disease. A painful symptom of nausea appears while eating, together with a feeling of heaviness in the stomach.
2. Inflammation of the gallbladder. Cholecystitis. The symptom manifests itself in the process of eating, the whole range of accompanying symptoms: bitterness in the mouth, sudden pain from the right hypochondrium, heartburn.
   

   Cholecystitis in a patient

3. Inflammation of the appendix. There is a blockage, further inflammation of the appendix of the intestine. An important symptom is fever without vomiting, not associated with food intake. A sharp pain manifests itself in the abdomen, flows from the top to the bottom.
4. Poisoning the body. Inflammation of the intestines. Symptoms appear after eating, without other factors. Nauseous at first, then vomiting follows, pain is felt in the navel, it becomes stuffy, feeling that there is not enough air and the temperature rises.
5. Cerebral circulation disorders. The reasons - from concussion to the presence of a tumor. It is accompanied by symptoms: acute, persistent headache, decreased hearing and visual acuity, immobility, memory impairment, incomprehensible distraction.
6. Hypertonic disease. With a surge in elevated pressure, no further normalization occurs. Persistent high blood pressure can be traced. The spread of hypertension in men and women is approximately the same, develops in the second half after forty years. In young people, the disease was practically not observed. Appears persistent nausea reflex, more often in the morning, less often at night, high blood pressure.
7. Myocardial infarction. Clinical stage of coronary heart disease. It is associated with necrosis (necrosis) of a part in the heart muscle as a result of impaired blood supply. There are pains in the chest area, radiating to the left hand, with sudden movements, under the scapula, in the jaw, along with shortness of breath, a feeling of fear, cold sweat develops.
8. Hypothyroidism is an insufficiency of the thyroid gland. The disease is associated with a lack of thyroid hormone production. Associated symptoms: increased fatigue, muscle pain, depression, dry skin, hair.
9. Inflammation of the kidneys, resulting in urolithiasis. It is caused by metabolic disorders, the formation of kidney stones, urinary tract. Sometimes it goes away without nausea.

During pregnancy

All the time at the early stage of pregnancy, the stomach does not pull, but the woman is already sick of various reasons, without poisoning. The symptom is: the smell of food, the aroma of perfume, unpleasant gas exhaust, the type of food, - during the day, there are a different number of occasions. The phenomenon is called toxicosis. The reasons for its appearance are varied. There is an opinion among the people: the appearance of toxicosis means pregnancy as a "boy". In the realities of life, the omen comes true in half the cases. The presence of toxicosis is due to the normalization of hormone levels in a pregnant mother, nausea, vomiting reduces the level of hormones at the right time. Toxicosis lasts a week or more.

Overeating

May occur with excess food intake. A person (usually a man) is limited by food intake when he begins to feel nauseous, not feeling a state of satiety. Symptom of nausea induces the urge to vomit, the body will feel relief after vomiting. Violation of the diet leads to serious consequences of gastrointestinal diseases. A balanced and limited diet removes the symptom, allows you to live without pain.

With motion sickness - kinetosis

Some people do not feel well when driving different modes of transport, while outside of transport they are not sick. With motion sickness, painful sensations arise: nausea, vomiting, pallor of the skin, panic attacks and increased salivation. The cause is the vestibular sensory system. During travel, the connection between vision, muscles, vestibular apparatus, and the main organs of orientation of a person in space is disrupted, leading to motion sickness syndrome.

In extreme situations, more than seventy percent of the population is prone to kinetosis. To treat the symptom, an integrated approach is needed: daily training, sports, walking exercises aimed at strengthening the vestibular apparatus. In severe cases, you can resort to a medication solution by taking pills.

When taking medications

Many drugs have severe side effects, and prolonged use can cause nausea. The most famous are antibiotics, anti-influenza drugs.

With menstruation

The cause of nausea is hormonal disruption of the woman's body or increased water content. In women, intracranial pressure rises. Excessive anxiety, frequent dizziness, periodic pain in the abdomen are manifested.

On a diet

There is a metabolic disorder from unbalanced food. Each of the elements of food is needed for the body during its existence, which means that the exclusion of one of them from the diet leads to metabolic disorders.

Treatment

The beginning of treatment is the restoration of the water-salt balance, the establishment of the cause of the occurrence. The next stage is etiological treatment, elimination of the cause of the disease. Treatment can be medication, surgery. If the origin of the disease has become impossible to establish, pathogenetic therapy is prescribed, aimed at the mechanism of the pathological process, often chronic therapy - lifelong. If it is not possible to eliminate the cause of the primary source, the nausea does not go away for a long time, symptomatic treatment is used. Are used antiemetic drugs.

Drug therapy suggests using:

• Anticholinergics. It is prescribed for a disorder of the vestibular sensory system, when a long trip is expected, persistent nausea, vomiting caused by motion sickness is tormented.
• Antipsychotics are prescribed to suppress drug-induced nausea and vomiting, gastroenteritis, and radiation therapy.
• H1 blockers help get rid of nausea and vomiting caused by pregnancy and motion sickness.
• Serotonin receptor blockers are used in the treatment of cancer. After receiving chemotherapy and radiation therapy, it became possible to block nausea and vomiting.
• Dopamine receptor blockers are used in the treatment of the gastrointestinal tract.

For the definition of drugs, dosage, time of admission, you should consult a doctor. Taking drugs for no reason is not recommended. Side effects may occur, patients have severe or mild intolerance to the pharmacological components.

Some well-known drugs have little antiemetic properties. Traditional medicine offers to use the means:

• Green, black tea with lemon after meals.
• Mint candies.
• Make potato juice and take it. A small dosage before meals is recommended.
• Herbal decoction with mint or lemon balm, before meals, three times a day.
• A weak solution of potassium permanganate or activated carbon, before meals, in cases of food poisoning.

How to treat depends on the cause of the nausea and the individual's personality.

An independent branch of medicine that studies the process of nausea and vomiting is called emetology. Comes from the Latin word emesis - vomiting. A whole section learns the physiology of nausea and vomiting, antiemetic therapy, methods of prevention and localization in various diseases, which allows you to fight cancer, constantly block symptoms and do without nausea throughout the course of using chemotherapy and radiation therapy.