Pulpit tooth - what is it and what are the varieties of this disease, photos of different stages of development

Pulpit of the tooth is a disease associated with inflammation of the pulp( a bundle with a large number of nerve endings and blood vessels located in the tooth).Most often, inflammation occurs when complications of caries are started, but it can also be due to unskilled dental operations or when a substandard seal is installed.

Symptoms of tooth pulp

Pulpitis can be identified by several signs, both internal and external, but itself is very difficult to do , as they are very similar to other dental diseases, so if any, you need to turn toTo the doctor-stomatologist.There are several forms of pulpitis of the tooth and the symptoms also depend on this, in general they are similar, however, the degree of severity of pain symptoms varies.Pulpitis happens:

• acute;
• purulent;
• chronic.

You can identify it by the appearance of the enamel of the tooth, bleeding and redness of the gums, the mobility of the tooth.Around it, there may be a fistula( a hole in the gum) and edema.

The first signs of pulpitis also appear in acute pain on external stimuli, on changes in cold and hot, the reaction can even be on inhaled air and nibbling something.If sharp toothache increases at night, then pulpitis begins to progress.

It is quite difficult to determine a patient tooth without external signs, as in pulpitis, pain on the nerves usually goes over to the half of the head.Pain can be given in the ear if the tooth is injured on the lower jaw or in the temple, if the disease is on the tooth of the upper jaw.

If the pulpitis is not treated in time, can go to the purulent form of , in which the pain passes into the shooting( pulsing), the intervals between tearing blows are reduced to a minimum, and can disappear and the pain will grow into a constant.

An increase in body temperature, as well as an increase in the surrounding lymph nodes and pain in them are indicators of acute pulpitis.Pain in the tooth can also occur independently, without external stimuli.It is possible to distinguish it from ordinary caries by the fact that in caries acute pain from an external stimulus passes almost immediately, and when pulpitis it will last for about 10-15 minutes.

If this treatment is not treated, this pulp will develop into the chronic form , because of which the pulp tissue grows, putrefactive odor from the mouth appears, and pain can be exacerbated by hot food( cold may decrease).The pain may disappear completely or be of a rare aching nature with periodic exacerbations as in acute form.

Is it possible to determine the pulpitis from a picture?

In acute or aching pain, the patient consults a physician to determine and eliminate its cause.Upon examination, the dentist performs a number of procedures - tapping the teeth, directing the flow of air to determine the reaction, and others.If there are no external signs of pulpitis, and the rest of the symptoms are the cause of many similar diseases, the of the patient is usually sent to take a photo of the ( X-ray) of the aching tooth.

However, you should know that it is impossible to determine the pulpitis in any form from the photo, since the pulp is a soft tissue, and the X-rays reflect and show only the hard ones.Therefore, in such a picture such a disease will not be reflected in any way, the only indirect sign can be a carious cavity.In any case, to determine the disease in the absence of external signs, you can only open the enamel of the tooth, under which the dentist will see the damaged tissues of the pulp.

The only exception is purulent inflammation, in which soft tissues die and the release of toxic substances into the internal cavity of the tooth, which affects the bone part - this will show the photo.

Reasons for the development of the pulpit

In order to more accurately understand what a tooth pulpitis, first of all we need to consider what makes it happen.The main cause of such a disease is getting harmful microorganisms onto the soft tissue of the pulp through a hole in the tooth, that is, in time untreated caries can lead to the development of pulpitis.However, these same microorganisms can be entered into the tooth with the unprofessional actions of the dentist in the treatment of the tooth.There are other causes of the disease, so consider pulpitis, dividing it by the factors of occurrence.

1. Caries not cured in time .It is considered one of the main causes of the appearance of pulpitis, because the caries itself arises from the influence of pathogenic microorganisms.Initially, when a caries pulpal disease is not threatened, because between her and the tooth there is a strip of unaffected caries dentin.However, if the tooth is not cured in time, tooth decay continues to destroy more and more hard tissues, penetrates deep into the tooth and eventually enters the pulp chamber where it causes inflammation.
2. Retrograde pulpitis .If you have chronic periodontitis of severe or even moderate degree, it can also cause an additional tooth disease - pulpitis.This is due to the presence of rather deep paradontal pockets, which can reach the middle of the root of the tooth and even more.In such pockets, aggressive microflora develops strongly, which begins to cover the whole area of ​​the tooth from the root to the top, where it penetrates through the root canals into the pulp and leads to inflammation.So, without curing one disease, you can very quickly earn extra.
3. Traumatic pulpitis .As a result of any traumatism of the tooth( stroke, bruise or splitting of a part of the tooth), a situation may occur that the blood supply system will be disturbed in the pulp.This will lead to its inflammation, and sometimes even to death.External stimuli .
4. .Also, pulpitis can occur due to the impact on the tooth of certain chemical irritants, for example, drugs, acids or alkalis.Even a common infectious disease or having an infection in the blood can lead to this trouble.

Medical errors

Pulpit under the seal .

Occurs after treatment of caries with unprofessional actions of a dentist.There may be several reasons for its occurrence:

• if the doctor has not cleaned the tooth cavity well enough, and even the smallest part of the carious tissue remains under the seal, after a while it will start to develop further and reach the pulp;
• if the dentist is too in a hurry to quickly drill a tooth or does not sufficiently cool it with water, can cause a thermal burn of the pulp, which leads to such a disease;
• is another medical mistake - the drying of channels by an air stream - this is called aseptic inflammation, that is, pulpitis develops in the tooth even without getting microorganisms in there.

Also quite often such a disease can develop in the treatment of deep caries, as it is more complex and has its own nuances.

Pulpite under the crown .

If the doctor takes live teeth under the crowns, then it is possible to get burned pulp when grinding them.This is again a medical error due to haste or insufficient cooling of teeth with water.Unfortunately, pulpit in this case it is impossible to determine at once , as the inflammation develops gradually.Signs will serve as aching or sharp pains on the turned out teeth, after the crowns were fixed.

Differences from other dental diseases

Unfortunately, quite often dental diseases have very similar symptoms and it is sometimes difficult to distinguish one disease from another.For example, the same pulpitis has almost identical symptoms with ordinary caries , periodontitis and trigeminal neuralgia.How to distinguish this disease from others before going to the doctor, when it is necessary to take urgent first aid measures?Despite common signs, there are several distinctive nuances that point to pulpitis.

If you have tooth decay, the pain usually occurs only in the presence of any external stimulus( cold, hot, biting, etc.).As soon as the stimulus is eliminated, the aching or acute pain disappears immediately.With chronic pulpitis, even if you take away the external stimulus, aching pain continues for at least 10-15 minutes.And with acute pulpitis pains arise spontaneously both sharp and aching, especially intensifying at night.

Neuralgia of the trigeminal nerve is accompanied by very severe sharp pains, which is also possible with a strong development of acute pulpitis.However, the difference in these diseases is that the pain in the first case fades to the night or completely disappear, but with acute pulpitis, they become worse on the contrary.

Pulpitis is also often confused with exacerbation of chronic periodontitis, however, it is easy to distinguish on its own, as in the latter case any external physical effects on the tooth, for example, tapping on it or biting it, are very painful.When pulpitis, all these actions do not cause any negative reactions of the patient.

Also, an exacerbation of chronic periodontitis can be easily seen on an X-ray photo, it will show the negative changes in the tip of the aching tooth.And the pulpitis, as we already know, is not displayed in the picture, it is a soft tissue disease that does not reflect X-rays.

Danger of pulpitis

Treatment of pulpitis should never be delayed and it is necessary to consult a dentist sooner than before, the better, preferably immediately after the onset of symptoms.Usually treatment of such a disease occurs successfully , but the norm is that the pain does not disappear immediately, it takes some time.However, if after the therapy the pain returned or increased, then the pulpitis is not treated or the complication has gone.In this case, it is necessary to urgently return to the doctor and finish the sick tooth.

If you do not do this and run the disease, it can lead to the development of another trouble - periodontitis, because the infection from the inflamed pulp begins to penetrate beyond its limits, developing throughout the tooth and beginning to destroy not only soft but also hardTissue.If you start pulpitis, you can eventually lose the entire tooth and have to remove it.

Among other things, with purulent pulpitis there may be an abscess - an accumulation in the tissues of pus.This, in turn, can lead to the development of phlegmon, if there is a breakthrough of accumulated pus in the soft tissues of the face.Another unpleasant scenario is a purulent inflammation of the bone marrow or osteomyelitis.Quite rare, but still there were cases of development of sepsis in humans( blood poisoning) due to untreated timely pulpitis.

All these diseases are more than unpleasant and dangerous, therefore timely treatment and prevention of pulpitis is important for your health , because such a chronic disease spreads inflammatory foci throughout the human body.This can lead to the development of a large number of chronic dangerous diseases of internal organs.

Prevention and first aid

Prevention of this disease is quite simple and in principle does not differ much from the usual prevention of the entire oral cavity.As already mentioned, the most common cause of pulpitis development is untimely caries, therefore regular visits to the dentist will help you avoid not only this unpleasant disease, but also other possible diseases of teeth and gums.

Proper oral care also helps to avoid many troubles.Brush your teeth at least twice a day, use a high-quality paste and a brush, help yourself with dental floss and rinse and this will be the best prevention of any diseases.

Well, of course, proper nutrition is necessary for our whole body, not just for teeth.It should contain nutritional elements and substances, the necessary vitamins and calcium.And fluoridated water will help strengthen tooth enamel.

If, however, there was such a nuisance as pulpitis, to take off the first painful sensations before going to the doctor, use the following tips:

• for the removal of acute or aching pain, take an anesthetic that suits you and usually should always be in the home medicine cabinet.It can be paracetamol, ibuprofen, analgin or others;
• rinse your mouth with warm soda or brine( one teaspoon per glass of water).This is necessary in order to clean the carious cavity of the possible stimuli which have entered into it, for this purpose it is best to collect the solution into the genus and keep it for at least a minute.But in no case rinse should not be hot, you will achieve only more pain;
• will also be good for herbal medicinal herbs, any that you will find in your home medicine cabinet - St. John's wort, calendula, chamomile, eucalyptus, sage, etc.

When providing first aid for acute pulpitis, in no case should be applied toTo a sick tooth warm warming compresses , they only will strengthen a pain and the inflammation will develop more strongly.The same applies to any medicines that act locally - you should not put something in the tooth cavity, you only worsen the situation.If there are no other painkillers, it is better to do without them and limit yourself to rinsing the oral cavity.

And remember, all such methods are only a temporary measure of restraint, in order to identify and eliminate the problem, it is necessary to contact the dentist as soon as possible who can determine whether it is pulpitis or another tooth disease.