Pulpit - what is it, the causes of the disease, its symptoms and treatment methods, dentists' advice

Modern dentistry offers fast, high-quality and painless dental treatment.However, people often come to the dentist with a severely damaged tooth and unbearable pain.Such patients can hear from the doctor an unpleasant diagnosis - "pulpitis."

Pulpit: what is this?

The pulp is a nervously vascular bundle of the tooth.When microorganisms( streptococci, staphylococci, lactobacilli) penetrate into it and their toxins, an inflammatory process occurs, called pulpitis.

Pulpitis often occurs as an complication of caries .It should be remembered that in itself caries does not pass and if it is not treated, then this complication arises.About thirty percent of patients turn to the dentist already with pulpitis, which is much more difficult to treat.

Causes of the disease

Five main causes of pulpitis:

1. Untreated caries.
2. Gum disease.
3. Damage to the tooth when turning.
4. Incorrect treatment.
5. Injuries.

Untreated caries .

Running caries is the main cause of inflammation of the pulp.In the cavity of the tooth, damaged by caries, favorable conditions are created for the pathogenic microflora.Over time, microbes and their toxins enter the pulp, which causes the development of tooth pulpitis( photo can be seen in the article).The probability of the development of the disease depends on the depth of the carious cavity.

Gum disease .

This is one of the most common causes of pulpitis.With gum disease, the root of the tooth is exposed and bone tissue is destroyed.Through the dentogingival pockets, pathogenic bacteria enter the pulp and cause its inflammation.

Damage of the tooth when turning .

When turning the live tooth under the crown due to poor cooling, physician rush or inaccuracy, a pulp burn may occur.As a result, the tooth is damaged and some time after the crowns are inserted, inflammation occurs.

Incorrect treatment of .

Incorrect dentist actions in tooth treatment are a common cause of pulpitis.

Even if caries treatment was timely, this is not a 100% guarantee of protection against the inflammatory process under the seal.Especially if the doctor acted incorrectly.For example, a dentist can accidentally leave a part of the carious tissue under the seal.

Injuries .

Inflammation of the pulp can occur if a tooth or jaw injury occurs.Since part of the tooth is broken off, and the pulp is bare, the infection gets inside.And, if the injury is not eliminated in time, after a while pulpitis may develop.

Symptoms of pulpitis

Pulpits are divided according to the duration of the disease.They are acute and chronic.

Symptoms of acute pulp inflammation

• Severe pain , which spreads over the entire half of the head on which the diseased tooth is located.Pain, having a pulsating and vomiting character, may cease periodically and arise again.In the evening and at night it intensifies.
• The aching tooth is sensitive to many stimuli.And, even after elimination of the stimulus, the pain does not disappear, but, on the contrary, intensifies.
• The pain intensifies and builds up under the action of a hot, and from a cold attack can subside.
• With the started forms of the disease, the intervals between the bouts of pain are reduced and the becomes longer .

Classification of acute pulpitis

1. Focal .This is the initial stage of the disease.At this stage, the inflammatory process is localized in the upper part of the tooth.The pains are felt only in one tooth, appear under the influence of irritants and last from ten to twenty minutes.
2. Purulent inflammation of the pulp results from the lack of treatment of diffuse pulpitis.The patient is disturbed by incessant pains, which are amplified by thermal effects.The body temperature rises.
3. Diffuse .In the absence of skilled care for the initial stage of the disease, a second stage of pulpitis develops in a few days.Inflammatory process passes to the root area.Pain occurs spontaneously and lasts for several hours.At night they intensify.Pain can be given to the nape, ear, or temple.This stage lasts from two days to two weeks.

In addition to the above pulpit forms, diseases of type

• are carried to separate groups. Traumatic .This form of non-infectious disease.Provoked its development of traumatic, toxic or medicamental effects on the tooth.Symptoms of the disease, as in the acute form of inflammation of the pulp.
• Retrograde .There is no marked symptomatology.There is no pain syndrome, and external signs.It is only diagnosed by an X-ray.With the advanced form of the disease, the symptoms of retrograde pulpitis are similar to the symptoms of an acute form of purulent inflammation of the pulp.
• Three-channel .With this form of the disease, the inflammatory process takes place in the tooth, which has three channels( in the teeth of the chewing group).

Symptoms of chronic pulpitis

This form of the disease arises after unsuccessful treatment of caries or if the acute form has not been treated and the patient has suffered pain.Chronic pulpitis is divided into subspecies:

1. Fibrous.
2. Hypertrophic.
3. Gangrenous.

With fibrotic pulpitis , the severity of symptoms is reduced.Sometimes patients complain of mild pain from hard or hot food.

With the hypertrophic form of the disease, the dental cavity replaces the granulation cavity, which also fills the carious cavity.Patients may complain of bad breath, pain when they touch the tooth and bleeding.On the roentgenogram there are no significant changes in the bone tissue of the apex of the root.

When gangrenous pulpitis tooth is present, a sharp, putrefactive odor from the mouth, the pulp is covered with a yellow-gray coating, the tooth is destroyed.

When exacerbated, chronic pulpitis has the same symptoms as acute.In all forms of the disease, the body temperature does not increase and the general condition of the body is not disturbed.

Symptoms of pulpitis can be similar to the symptoms of other dental diseases.For example, trigeminal neuralgia or periodontitis.Therefore, self-diagnosis and self-treatment are unacceptable.Independently you can only take an anesthetic pill and go to the dentist who will prescribe an adequate treatment.

Pulpit can be recognized by its external features:

• The tooth is mobile.
• The enamel is gray.
• The gums are red and bleeding.
• In the area of ​​a sick tooth - edema.
• The fistula is formed.

On the X-ray, the inflammatory process of the pulp is not visible, as it does not cause changes in the solid tissues.Indirect sign of pulpitis in the image is a deep carious cavity communicating with the tooth.The diagnosis is made on the basis of clinical data, the results of probing the pulp and the determination of electrical excitability.

Complications of pulpitis

Lack of proper treatment can lead to periodontitis , in which the infection leaves the tooth boundaries and damages deeper gum tissue.The consequence of periodontitis is bone destruction.If its chronic form is formed, then cysts, granulomas and other various diseases that are difficult to treat can occur.The tooth will have to be removed, otherwise there is the possibility of spreading the infection with the blood flow throughout the body.

Sometimes complications can occur after the treatment of pulpitis of teeth.

• The channel is not completely sealed.
• The material for sealing was taken out of the root of the root.
• The doctor did not notice and did not cure the canal.
• The walls were perforated.
• During treatment there was insufficient antiseptic.

Treatment methods

1. Biological .With this method of treatment, the nerve is not removed, the tooth remains alive.The inflammatory process is treated with anti-inflammatory, calcium-containing and antiallergic drugs.Physiotherapy is carried out.The carious cavity is closed with a seal.
2. Devital .With this method, agents that kill the nerve( for example, arsenic) are used.In the place of damage, such funds are found for several days before the complete killing of the pulp.
3. Vital .The pulp and all damaged tissues are removed under the influence of anesthesia.The channel is treated, the walls of the cavity are cleaned, antiseptic washing is carried out.
4. Surgical .With this method of treatment, the pulp is completely removed, the channels are sealed.This option includes several stages and is used for different forms of pulpitis.

Mild forms of the disease are treated with modern methods( eg, laser).In the chronic form of pulpitis, antibiotics should be used.

With the timely treatment of the pulpitis, the nerve is retained, which is necessary to ensure the vital functions of the tooth and normal nutrition.Therefore, with the first symptoms, characteristic for the disease, you must immediately consult a doctor.And since pulpitis is primarily a complication of caries, from time to time one should go for preventive examinations to the dentist.