What is the candidiasis of the oral cavity: treatment of the affected oral cavity, photos, preventive measures

Candidiasis of the oral cavity is a fungal disease that occurs due to microscopic yeast-like Candida type fungi.Very rarely, candidiasis of the oral cavity occurs due to an infection coming from outside.Candidiasis of the oral cavity affects infants more often.It is generally believed that in childhood, candidiasis or thrush is tolerated more easily and is more amenable to treatment.

But the disease can occur in adults.Especially prone to him are those who are forced to use dentures.Under them there are favorable conditions for reproduction of fungi.In addition, candidiasis of the oral cavity in adults occurs as a result of the fall of immunity caused by various diseases.

Reasons for the emergence of oral candidiasis

1. Candidiasis of the oral cavity is formed if a person suffers from serious diseases or malignant tumors.It can be HIV, endocrinopathy, tuberculosis, a violation of carbohydrate metabolism, stomach and intestinal diseases.
2. Prolonged intake of glucocorticosteroid drugs and cytostatics, resulting in reduced immunity, which contributes to the attack of Candida fungi.A lot of people are engaged in self-medication with antibiotics, as a result of this the number of patients with this disease has sharply increased in recent years.If antibiotics are treated for a very long time, it disrupts the microflora of the oral cavity and causes dysbacteriosis.In this case, the beneficial microflora is inhibited, which contributes to a sharp increase in the fungal population, which affects the mucous membrane of the oral cavity.
3. Use of antimicrobial agents such as trichopolum, chlorhexidine and others.
4. Regular use of alcohol, drugs, oral contraceptives.
5. Injuries that are regularly applied to the oral mucosa with sharp edges of dilapidated teeth or poor-quality crowns.
6. If a person wears a prosthesis made of acrylic plastics, then the possibility of developing allergic reactions is likely due to prolonged interaction with the mucous membrane, which leads to the emergence of candidiasis of the oral cavity.

It is noted that diabetes mellitus can be asymptomatic, but it is the thrush that is its first sign.

Symptoms of oral candidiasis

Symptoms of this disease are varied and can arise for various reasons.Distinguish between acute and chronic form.The acute form is of two types: pseudomembranous candidiasis of an acute type and atrophic candidiasis of an acute species.The chronic form is: hyperplastic and atrophic.

These two chronic forms can arise both independently and grow into each other.It is worth considering all these forms in more detail.

Pseudomembranous candidiasis acute type.The most common form of candidiasis, otherwise called thrush.It is often observed in young children.The course of the disease in them is easy, but if you start it, the small plaques will begin to increase in size and merge, leading to the formation of erosion.The surface of the mouth is covered with a hard-to-remove plaque, and the gums begin to bleed.

Pain and burning begin to aggravate during the meal, the child begins to turn away from eating.The sleep is broken, the temperature rises, in some cases up to 39 degrees.Rarely, but can occur candida jaeda.It is formed in children who suck fingers or pacifier.

If this form of candidiasis occurs in adults, then it indicates that there are such diseases as hypovitaminosis, diabetes, malignant neoplasms, blood diseases and others.Lips, cheeks, back of tongue, palate are affected.The cavity of the mouth is covered with a cheesy plaque.

First it is removed easily, but as the disease progresses, the plaque becomes more dense and difficult to comprehend, and the surface of the oral cavity is covered by erosion.It is very painful to chew.

Atrophic Candidiasis acute species.Burning and dry mouth are noted in this form of the disease.The mucous membrane begins to dry and blush.When the tongue is damaged, its back becomes brightly crimson.There is no plaque, but if there is, it is deep in the folds, is removed with difficulty and is a combination of tissue cells and a large number of fungi in the budding stage.

Chronic hyperplastic candidiasis of the oral cavity.With this disease, the oral mucosa is covered with a very dense coating, which seemed to be soldered to it.The back of the tongue and palate are also covered with plaque in the form of nodules and plaques.

This type of disease forms papillary hyperplasia in the sky.Due to the fact that the disease lasts a very long time, the plaque is impregnated with fibrin, forming a yellow film.They stick to the mucous so much that it is very difficult to remove the spatula.If the scurf still removed, under it will be a surface with erosion, which begins to bleed.There is a burning sensation, dryness and pain in the oral cavity.

Chronic atrophic candidiasis of the oral cavity.In general, this disease occurs in those who wear removable dentures.The oral cavity becomes dry, there is burning and pain when wearing a removable prosthesis.The mucous membrane swells and overflows with blood.Under the prosthesis erosions, hyperemia, papillomatosis are formed.Difficult-to-work plaque is formed in deep folds and on the sides of the tongue.When carrying out a microscopic examination, fungi are found.

General treatment of oral candidiasis

Candidiasis is treated long and hard.Each patient needs an individual approach.The course of treatment is performed not only by medicines.It is also necessary to improve immunity, treat associated diseases and sick teeth.In addition, you need to fully eat.

Prescribe antifungal medications inside after eating 4-6 times a day.It can be levorin or nestatit.The course lasts 10 days.Due to poor absorption of this drug by the gastrointestinal tract, the tablets should be crushed and the resulting powder placed under the tongue.A good effect is provided by the sucking caramel of the .They are placed under the tongue or cheek and kept until completely dissolved, at a minimum making swallowing movements.

The doctor may prescribe Diflucan.It is available in capsules and has an antifungal effect.To remove the dryness of the oral mucosa and act on yeast-like fungi, a 2% solution of potassium iodide can be used.It does not allow fungi to multiply, and iodine enhances salivation.

Local treatment

Local therapy as its main task puts suppressing the reproduction of the fungus and preventing its spread to surrounding tissues and organs.To do this, use antiseptics and antibiotics that have antifungal properties.

Antiseptics can be in the form of lubrication, rinses and applications.For lubrication apply 2% solution of methylene blue, solution of fucocin, 2% solution of gentian violet.A very good combination of Lugol solution and 10% borax solution in glycerol.Rinse mouth with 0.05% chlorhexidine solution and 0.1% hexoral solution.This procedure is carried out twice a day after meals.

Antibiotics for oral candidiasis are divided into the following groups:

• Polyenes( nystatin, natamycin, levorin, amphotericin B).
• Triazoles( fluconazole, intraconazole).
• Allylamines( terbinafine, lamilicol).
• Imidazoles( econazole, thioconazole, clotrimazole, ketoconazole, oxyconazole).
• Echinocandins( caspofungin).

These preparations can be in the form of drops, tablets, gels, caramels for resorption, ointments, solutions, aerosols.

Treatment of candidiasis is performed by with complex preparations : antibiotics, glucocorticoids and antifungal agents.It can be pimafukort, lorinden C, candida B, mycosolone, triderm.

Systemic treatment of

If local treatment has proved ineffective, is prescribed for systemic treatment of candidiasis of the oral cavity.The greatest effect is brought by drugs in the form of tablets and injections.

Systemic therapy is used mainly for chronic hyperplastic, granulomatous, erosive-ulcerative candidiasis.Usually they have a chronic form with defeat of other organs and are poorly treated by local therapy.Assign the following drugs: intraconazole, ketoconazole, fluconazole and their analogues.

If relapses occur very often, pulse therapy with fluconazole is prescribed.As auxiliary agents are assigned vitamins of group B, nicotinic and ascorbic acids, probiotics, immunomodulators.

Treatment with folk remedies

Traditional treatment can be supplemented with the use of folk remedies: decoctions and infusions of herbs that have anti-inflammatory and astringent effects.

1. For oral rinsing, use an aqueous solution of marigold tincture.
2. You can also rinse your mouth with a decoction of a mixture of juniper, celandine, chamomile, birch buds that are taken in equal parts.
3. Affected areas must be lubricated with tincture from juniper shoots.
4. Rinse mouth with cranberry, raspberry or carrot juice.
5. Gauze swabs, which are impregnated with decoction of oak bark, are used for appliqués.

To remove plaque from the oral cavity, it is lubricated with sea buckthorn or mushroom oil .

The following products contain substances that prevent the reproduction of harmful microflora: garlic, curdled milk, kvass, tea mushroom tincture.

To minimize the occurrence of repetitions of oral diseases, and the treatment was more productive, should follow the strict diet of .It is necessary to exclude from the diet sugar, vinegar and products that contain it, alcohol, foods containing carbohydrates in large quantities.It is better to lean on fish, buckwheat, lean meat, eggs.

Vegetables containing carbohydrates in a small amount are considered useful: green pepper, onions, cabbage, cucumbers, spinach.Useful cheese is a little lactose.The diet helps to get rid of oral cavity candidiasis.

Prevention of oral candidiasis

To prevent this disease, should visit the dentist regularly to sanitize the oral cavity, exclude self-medication with antibiotics, glucocorticoids and sulfonamides, maintain oral hygiene, and give up all bad habits.This helps to stay healthy oral flora and prevent the onset of the disease.

It is necessary to eat foods that contain a large amount of protein, and to exclude from the diet products rich in glucose.Well protect the body from yeast-like fungi fermented milk products , which contain live bifidobacteria.

should take care of the properly with removable dentures, treating them with special tools, and cleaning teeth with toothpaste containing borax solution in glycerin.

Doing all these rules, you can never know what is the candidiasis of the oral cavity.