What is this cyst on the root of the tooth: photos, symptoms, ways of treatment or removal

Watery formation near the bone tissue can be formed for various reasons, and sometimes a person does not even suspect its existence.But under favorable conditions, the cyst on the tooth can begin to develop, and thereby show itself to be a series of symptoms.In this case, urgent measures must be taken, since the treatment of such, albeit small, education can be delayed for a very long time.

What is a cyst on the teeth?

The cyst is the pathological formation of in the region of the apex of the tooth root.Its internal cavity has a mushy or liquid state, a dense layer of epithelium appears from above.

Most often, the vial consists of bacteria, dead cells and pus accumulation.The most active process of inflammation passes on the upper jaw, as the roots of the teeth here have a more porous form.Dimensions of cysts can vary from 4 mm and reach more than a centimeter.The appearance of vesicles near the apex of the root is caused by the inflammation process.The body tries to protect healthy tissues, separating the areas with inflammation, which is the reason for the development of the cyst.

Reasons for the formation of

The main source of development of cysts on the tooth is an infection that affects the internal tissue in the area of ​​its root.All causes are divided into two types of : resulting from a traumatized injury in the jaw area and caused by poor oral hygiene.Also, improper hygiene provokes a number of diseases, because of which pathological formations develop.Namely:

• complicated pulpitis;
• fissure caries;
• periostitis - inflammation of the periosteum;
• periodontitis - inflammation of periodontal disease;
• Gingivitis is an inflammatory process of the gums.

The injuries that can cause the development of a cyst include:

• cyst under the prosthesis is a dentition, the more radical;
• considerable load on the teeth without obvious external damage, for example, during the cracking of nuts, hard candies, etc.;
• injuries of the maxillofacial system and face, often encountered in athletes;
• incorrectly sealed channels;
• incorrectly placed dentures.

All of the above causes can trigger inflammation, the focus of which will either be immediately located in the area of ​​the tooth root, or after a time it will be deepened from the oral cavity to the inside of the tissue.

Cyst species

Given the , the reasons for the development of are as follows:

• The eruption cyst is a lightweight form of retro-molar formation, it represents a slight soft-tissue formation, manifested during teething.To date, the exact cause of the appearance of this type of benign cysts is not revealed, therefore it is believed that the reason is infection of the infection against the local weakening of resistance.Most often happens in children during the change of temporary teeth.
• Retromolar appears during a chronic inflammatory process of tissues, usually caused by complicated teething.This type of cyst is peculiar in the process of eruption of wisdom teeth, especially during their incorrect growth, the appearance of an air hood.
• Radical is considered the most common type, as it appears during chronic inflammation of tissues.It can be caused by trauma, from this diagnosis in the early stages is complicated.
• Cyst of the eye teeth is caused by pathology in the maxillary sinuses, it forms on the site of inflammation.
• Follicular develops due to the pathology of the development of molars.It appears from the follicles during the formation of the dental tissue during the eruption.
• Keratokist appears during the pathological development of periodontal disease.Until recently, this species belonged to follicular cysts, but, by and large, has a slightly different manifestation.The vesicle develops from the epithelium required to form tissue near the dental bone, which often prevents normal teething.
• Residual appears when the tooth is removed.If during the treatment a piece of tooth remained in the tissue, it creates an inflammation of the tissue and provokes the development of a purulent vesicle.Often the residual cyst has a complex shape and contains a piece of the left root inside.

Characteristic signs and symptoms

Development of a cyst on the tooth root of takes place in two forms.If there is an annular granuloma, then to reveal it is very difficult, because there are no signs.The resulting vesicle does not cause discomfort.

A person can mark with a slight pain in the gums of the and the tooth during nibbling, but soreness is often explained by an accidental reaction, a temperature drop that has no reason for excitement.An experienced doctor can reveal the formation, but this happens rarely.There were cases when the presence of cysts at an early stage was recognized only during the passage of an X-ray to seal another tooth.

Once the cyst is exerted by external factors that provoked its development, a person will feel obvious symptoms.Strong sensations of pain appear in the gums, in the affected tooth, and can also move to the opposite row in the jaw.Inflammation will increase significantly, and it can cause high fever.Often there is swelling on the cheeks or in the mouth.

What is the danger of cysts on the root of the tooth?

The development of a cyst is not harmful to humans, since the body in this way tries to protect itself from infection, trying to keep whole healthy tissues.However, in the absence of proper treatment, the cyst on the tooth will begin to develop, this can provoke the appearance of a large list of diseases:

• The flux is accompanied by severe swelling and severe pain, not only in the area of ​​inflammation, but also directly on the face.A large amount of pus appears in the area of ​​the lesion, which creates additional complications.
• Periodontitis can be both a consequence and a source of inflammation of the cyst.During the spread of the inflammatory process, both bone tissue and periodontium suffer, which can be the cause of tooth loss.
• Osteomyelitis of the jawbone.
• The phlegmon spreads to the face and neck area, accompanied by the development of suppuration in the area of ​​inflammation.The disease is especially dangerous during pregnancy, because of the limitations for treatment, there is a risk of general infection with the infection.
• Fractures of the jaw.Loss of weak teeth.
• .
• In advanced stages, the cyst can be transformed into a malignant or benign neoplasm.
• Infection of the blood.

How to treat a cyst on the root of a tooth?

Medical treatment is prescribed in the first stages of , when the cyst is not larger than 1 cm, and only if there is good patency of the channels.As a rule, medicinal methods are used, if it is necessary to treat people at a young age.The main task of the doctor is to remove the infection, which triggered the development of the disease, as well as in creating a reliable lock for its re-development.

In the process of treating , the dentist creates access to the root canals by removing the superimposed filling or excising the destroyed tissue.The doctor examines the patency of the canals, the size and direction, performs X-rays with specially inserted instruments.If necessary, the channels are expanded.

During all manipulations with the channels, antiseptic agents are constantly used.The most common of these are sodium hypochlorite and Chloksidin.

After mechanical manipulations and treatment with anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agents, the opening of the apex is opened, the medical preparation is removed for apex.Apply high-alkaline drugs, for example, calcium hydroxide, to remove the acidic cysts.This drug disrupts the walls of the cyst, promotes early healing, protects bone tissue and has an antimicrobial effect.

After the removal of the cyst, a temporary filling of the channels is performed.Weekly appointments are made with a doctor to using x-ray to determine the inside of tissues its behavior.If the dynamics are favorable, the channels with each visit are gradually sealed up to a normal strengthening in the area of ​​the crown.A full restoration of bone tissue will continue throughout the year, therefore it is necessary to visit the doctor in accordance with the schedule.

Relatively recently, medical treatment began to use depophoresis, it allows treating the infection in all canal channels, even in places where access is complicated.

This method assumes as medication to use copper-calcium hydroxide.On sites of inflammation act as a weak current, due to this the drug passes deep, removing the cyst, and the reasons for its appearance.As a rule, a course of at least 3 procedures is prescribed, at the end of which the tooth is sealed.

Surgical intervention

Operative intervention is recommended in the case of , when the tooth is correctly sealed, the cyst is larger than 1 cm in size, and if the crown is on the tooth or the pin is inserted into the root canal.There are several ways of surgical intervention, taking into account the degree of impact on the cyst and tissue damage.

Less traumatic is the removal of only the wall of the cyst with further sanation of the affected area, which is called cystotomy.During the operation the gum is cut in the region of cyst localization, the epithelium is removed, which protects it, regenerative and antiseptic preparations are used.The use of medications affects the cyst in much the same way as during therapeutic treatment, but much attention should be paid to the postoperative period.

This method is used in cases where:

• the cyst is in contact with the roots of the teeth that are next to it;
• it is necessary to preserve the rudiments of molars when changing temporary;
• tooth extraction with a cyst at the root is impossible due to contraindications;
• cyst touches the jaw bone.

In the process of cystectomy , the body of the cyst is completely removed.In the same way, the gums are cut in the region of the location of the formation.The edges of the incision are divorced, the doctor saws out the outer bone plate.

The cyst wall is cleaned, the part of the root is removed by the , if necessary, a sealing is performed to seal the cut.Inside, a medicine is injected, which accelerates the process of restoring bone tissue.The incision is sewn.If the size of the cyst is very large, and the incision is very extensive, then it is not sewn, but covered with an iodine-shaped swab.

Sometimes resort to resection of the tip of the root of the tooth.This is due to infection of the bone tissue of the jaw, because it is impossible to leave the infected part.The doctor performs an operation similar to cystectomy, but apart from the removal of cystic formation, cuts off the root in the affected area.

To perform the operation, you need to prepare the dental canal by filling it orthographically.Resection is used only in the case of strategic need to preserve the tooth in the absence of positive treatment using other methods.

One of the most modern methods of surgical intervention is laser therapy.With this method of treatment, a tube is inserted into the cut tissue, which guides the laser beam.The beam dissolves the infected tissues, which are then removed with a vacuum device.Due to this method, a complex effect on the affected tissue is carried out, therefore treatment of the cyst is effective.

In advanced situations, , doctors recommend the hemisection of ( removal of part of the crown, root and cysts) or completely remove the tooth along with the cyst, but today the methods of treatment give the opportunity to take many methods to even try to save the tooth even at a severe stage of the disease.

Prevention of cyst

There are a number of activities that can reduce the likelihood of developing disease, among which:

• correct oral hygiene;
• no stress and support of immunity;
• periodic visit to the dentist, at least once a year;
• Avoiding injuries to the teeth and jaw;
• sanitation of the mouth if necessary.

The appearance of the cyst on the root of the tooth can be triggered by a variety of diseases and negative factors, but if you perform timely treatment, you can completely avoid surgery and keep your tooth in its entirety.