Treatment of cutaneous dyschines: what should I remember?

Lichen or Lichen is known since ancient times.In everyday life, herpes is called shingles, and psoriasis is one of the kind of lichen.However, these two diseases can not be attributed to lichen.

Contents:

• What is lichen?
• Symptoms of cutaneous desease
• Methods of diagnostic tests
• How is skin dermatitis treated?

What is lichen?

This disease is characterized by superficial peeling, which are represented by spots( papules).Lishay refers to dermatoses.The provoking factor are various causes: a variety of viruses, heredity, certain types of fungi, long-term stress.But still, the primary reason for the appearance of lichen is the weakening of immunity.

The etiologic factor of the appearance of lichen is still unknown.It can be suppressed immunity, allergic reactions to drugs or chemicals, viruses or fungal lesions.Therefore, the provoking factor of the appearance of lichen can not be precisely determined.

The appearance of lichen also occurs after experiencing viral infections and hypothermia.

A large percentage of this disease occurs in people aged 30 to 70 years.In young lichens is less common.The course of the disease is not defined - it can last for months and can last for several years.The appearance of lichen can be observed gradually, or seen completely suddenly because of their rapid occurrence.

Lichen is divided into the following species:

• Pink lichen.Occurs because of an infectious-allergic nature.It manifests itself in the form of spots, which are represented by pink color.These papules have a rounded outline.Shelushatsya.
• Shingles.This species occurs after the activation of the varicella zoster virus.
• Pityriasis lichen.Has the second name - multi-colored lichen.The cause of its occurrence is a fungal skin lesion.
• Ringworm.The parasitic fungus of the genus Trichophyte is the cause of its appearance.
• Flat lichen.It has a second name - red lichen.This lichen affects not only the skin, but also the mucous membranes along with the nail plates.

The etiologic factor of the appearance of lichen is not known to anyone exactly.Diagnosis of this disease should be under the control of a dermatologist.

Symptoms of cutaneous dystonia

Infection occurs when contacting animals, humans, and soil.The disease can be latent, so often a person may not even suspect about "bearer" depriving.So the latent lichen appears only after suppression of immunity - in the period of virus diseases, stresses and other reasons.The symptomatology of the disease manifests itself depending on the type of lichen and the extent of the lesion.

There are general symptomatic signs and complaints of the patient:

• Clarified or bright areas that can be visually observed on the skin or mucous membranes, nail plates.
• Naked "cut" areas.Hair breaks off and "islets" are formed.
• Itching, peeling.The patient is constantly experiencing discomfort in the area of ​​skin lesions.Permanent brushing leads to peeling of the upper layers of the skin, as a result of this peeling occurs.
• Soreness.In addition, combings are accompanied by unpleasant pain.
• Misery.Against the background of a weakened immune apparatus, the patient experiences weakness and signs of malaise.

In addition to the main symptomatic picture, the lichen shows itself differently depending on the species, the cause of the appearance and course of the disease.

Pink lichen can be observed on the trunk, arms and legs, and in the neck.The cause of its appearance are viruses and allergic stimuli.Therefore, the disease begins during the off-season, when the most frequent change of weather and flowering of allergic plants.The first spot appears maternal - red in the center of which is visible a yellow stain.Further from him spread other papules.

Shingles have severe symptomatic signs.The reason for its appearance is the varicella zoster virus.After recovery, the causative agent enters a state of latent rest and lies in the nerve cells, mainly in the spinal cord.Tinea shows itself when a person is weakened by illness( HIV infection, swelling, stress) or because of age 60-80 years.There are serious complications from the defeat of the cornea and trigeminal nerve, mimic muscles, the work of muscles.

Red lichen is characterized by predominant skin lesions in the folds of the limbs, mucous membranes, on the abdomen and back.Often affects the mucous membrane of the mouth and genitals.

Ringworm affects mainly the scalp.Often children are deprived of this, because of contact with sick animals and people.Bald patches appear on the head.

Multicolored lichen is inherent in people with diabetes, in the presence of forms of tuberculosis, excessive sweating and vegetoneurosis.Fungus affects the horny layer of the epidermis.

Symptomatic depriving depends on the type of disease, age, the presence of secondary diseases.

Diagnostic research methods

General provisions for the diagnosis of different types of lichen:

• Anamnesis.Includes a patient interview about complaints about the disease.
• Based on anamnesis.
• Analysis of affected areas.It includes - inspection of sites on which rashes, identification of color and form of lichens, measurement of papules, degree of lesion were revealed.

After determining the main parameters, the depriving dermatologist puts a preliminary diagnosis.The primary diagnosis is confirmed by laboratory tests and analyzes.Without a laboratory test, a definitive diagnosis can not be made.

Diagnosis of pink lichen is carried out in the analysis of a patient's complaint, and also includes several laboratory tests.Microscopic examination of the scales of the part depriving - with the help of this determine the presence or absence of syphilis.Then conduct a serodiagnosis of syphilis.For the diagnosis of deprivation, blood is taken for general analysis and for biochemical composition.They take urine for a general analysis.

It is not difficult to determine pink lichen.In other cases, additional laboratory diagnosis is required.Conduct a DNA virus definition, look for antibodies to this causative agent of the disease, examine the genome of the lichen pathogen.

Multicolored lichen is diagnosed with a Balzer assay( using iodine).

To the lesions cause iodine and immediately get wet with alcohol.So, pityriasis lichen will be painted in a brown shade.Wood's lamp is used as a definition of the lesion - the lichen is highlighted by a brown or yellow spot.Investigation of scaly contents of lichen under a microscope is performed in order to identify filaments of mycelium and spores.

Ringworm is determined by examining lesions under the Wood lamp( green shade lichen), microscopic method, sowing of the contents of lichen on nutrient media( determining the sensitivity of the pathogen to antibiotics), general blood analysis and biochemical composition, urinalysis.

Diagnosis of red plane lichen occurs via histological examination.It is carried out by taking a test material depriving.Also, blood is taken for general analysis and biochemical composition.

Diagnosis of lichen differs depending on its variety.The final diagnosis is made after laboratory tests.

How is skin scarring treated?

Basics of treatment of cutaneous desease:

• Complete cessation of the patient's contact with other people.
• Perform local treatment: applying ointments, extracts, creams.
• The general principle of treatment is an increase in immunity.

Treatment of pink lichen does not provide for the use of drugs, since it can pass on its own after 4-8 weeks.In some cases, pink lichen is treated with antiallergic drugs( Tavegil, Loratidine).Their action is aimed at removing, reducing itching and allergic rashes.

Signs of malaise and fever are removed by sulfonamides and antipyretic drugs.

In the treatment of pink lichen it is necessary to exclude the use of ointments and creams, which include substances that can cause an allergic reaction( tar, sulfur).

The exacerbation period requires careful care:

• Restriction of water procedures.
• Exclusion of use of cosmetics.
• Refusal to wear clothes made of synthetics and wool.
• Complete isolation from ultraviolet radiation.
• Avoid exposure to high temperatures on areas of the skin with lichens.
• Control over excessive sweating.
• It is not necessary to allow combing and rubbing the areas with lichen.

Shingles are treated only under medical supervision, as this is the most dangerous form.Assign antiviral drugs - topical and oral( Acyclovir, Valaciclovir).Their reception is completed after the last rash stops and crusts appear.

Severe forms of herpes zoster are treated under hospital conditions.This form is dangerous, because it is contagious to others, so complete isolation of the patient is necessary.Pain syndrome is stopped by the appointment of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and analgesics( Tramal, Baralgin).As an additional treatment - physiotherapy and reflexology.

With ringworm, hospitalization is indicated.Carry out a complete shaving of the hair, which is carried out every next week.Apply antifungal agents( Griseofulvin).Weekly scraping is performed to determine the fungus.

Local treatment should be daily.In the morning, foci deprive me of iodine, and in the evening - sulfur salicylic ointment.Hair removal is carried out with the help of epilin patch or roentgen hair removal.After irradiation, the hair is crumbled after 2 weeks, the remaining ones are removed manually using tweezers.After this procedure they start treatment.Treatment of the scalp is carried out with iodine solution.The test for the causative agent of the disease is carried out 3 times after the end of treatment.

Red lichen is exposed to a complex effect.It includes the reduction of itching, the elimination of the attachment of secondary diseases, the use of multivitamins, and sanatorium-and-spa treatment.As antihistamines, Tavegil is prescribed, local rubbing with alcohol solution with chloral hydrate and application of anti-inflammatory ointments.

In the case of pityriasis, anti-fungal ointments are prescribed( Exoderil).Treatment continues to be carried out 2 weeks after the disappearance of the last papules.In cases of widespread lichen, general-purpose antifungal agents( Intraconadol) may be prescribed.

For information on the treatment of pityriasis, see this video.

Treatment of lichen depends on the type of disease.Infectious forms of lichen and sickness with severe current are treated permanently.