Sunstroke: causes and consequences

Sun stroke is a pathological condition that occurs when sunlight acts on the scalp, characterized by vasodilation and cerebral edema. Signs of sunstroke: redness of the skin, faintness, vomiting, sometimes loss of consciousness, fever.

Causes and symptoms of sunstroke

The condition occurs in people after excessive sun exposure without a head covering protecting against direct sunlight. The blow most often occurs in people with cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension, vegetative-vascular dystonia.

Alcohol abuse in the heat and insufficient fluid intake increases the risk of sunstroke. If you do not provide emergency care, then the patient can die from cerebral edema, collapse and lack of vital organs functions.

Causes of sunstroke:

1. Thermal action of infrared radiation on the brain, causes loss of vascular tone and their sharp expansion.
2. Brain edema with cerebral blood flow disturbance.

Brain edema leads to headache and the appearance of seizures as epilepsy. Excessive pressure of the formed fluid on the sensitive centers in the hypothalamus leads to vomiting. However, the vomiting of relief does not bring, since it has a central origin. The effect of excess fluid on the hypothalamus also causes a rise in temperature, even if the person is already in a cool room.

Important! When the body temperature rises above 41 degrees, death occurs in half of the victims!

Symptoms of sunstroke in children include impaired consciousness. The child can not respond to questions, there is reddening of the face, the pulse is rapid, the temperature is increased. With the expanded, asleep vessels, the heart works with increased strain, which is the cause of loss of consciousness and darkness in the eyes. The pathological effect of the rays can continue in the shade until assistance is provided.

First aid for

PMP with thermal and solar shock:

1. Call a physician.
2. Keep the patient in a shade and cool place.
3. Remove the pressing clothing that prevents blood circulation, undo the upper buttons, belt.

What should I do next in the sunshine? Apply a compress to the temples of the victim with ice or cold water. If this is not the case, then frozen products are also suitable for this purpose. They can also be applied to the nape, places of pulsation of large vessels( armpits, groin area).If the temperature is too high, you can immerse the victim in a bath with cool water.

How to treat sunstroke?

1. Give the patient water or a salty drink, for example, tomato juice to replenish lost salts. For the same purposes, there is a preparation called Regidron, which must be dissolved in water.
2. In fainting, it is necessary to bring a person to consciousness with the help of liquid ammonia supplied to the nose.
3. Measure blood pressure.

Caution! A sunstroke can be confused with a heart attack. With a sunny impact, a tablet of nitroglycerin can render a disservice and significantly worsen the condition. Do not give the patient any medicine if you do not have a medical background!

Treatment

Further treatment for sunstroke is at the discretion of the physician. In conditions of collapse, the patient is administered drugs that support the activity of the heart and increase the vascular tone( Mezaton, Adrenaline, Korglikon).Victims are allowed to breathe moistened oxygen.

The regulation of the vascular tone normalizes the fallen blood pressure. To replenish electrolytes and liquids, Ringer's solution, glucose, sodium chloride, and Rheopolyglucin are injected.

In case of convulsive syndrome caused by brain edema, osmotic diuretics are used to remove fluid from the intercellular space( Mannitol, urea).Sometimes Seduxen is used to stop seizures. When vomiting, the patient is injected with Cerucal. In the future, patients are prescribed multivitamins, calcium and iron preparations.

The consequences of a sunstroke can be fatal if assistance is not provided on time. Especially hard sun stroke is suffered by elderly people, people suffering from diabetes and hypertension. When comatose, the patient is taken to the intensive care unit.

Prevention

To prevent sunstroke help hats. In the heat, you need to drink a lot of liquids, refrain from alcoholic beverages and heavy meals. Avoid long exposure to the sun, and also carry mineral water and other beverages containing salt in the bag. This is necessary to restore the volume of circulating blood during a vascular collapse caused by a sunstroke.