Okey docs

Features of the classification of epilepsy

click fraud protection

Contents:

  • Various forms of the disease
  • Forms of epilepsy, characteristic of children
  • Epilepsy without loss of consciousness
  • "Adult" forms of the disease

Types of epilepsy The appearance of seizures or other signs possible in epilepsy alarms the patient. The greatest interest arises if the problems concern a toddler or a teenager. Consider the types of epilepsy, the characteristic symptoms. We learn the reasons and get acquainted with the name of epilepsy without loss of consciousness.

Various forms of the disease

There are many signs by which one or another form of the disease is distinguished. Classification of epilepsy by origin includes forms:

  • cryptogenic - the cause is unknown;
  • acquired - the result of trauma, infection or other causes;
  • hereditary - is transferred from relatives.

Hereditary epilepsy is an idiopathic( genoinic) type of disease, characteristic of blood relatives. Organic lesions of brain cells are not observed, and to reveal the true cause of the disease is very difficult. Correctly diagnose can geneticist. There are 2 subspecies of the disease:

instagram viewer

  1. According to the dominant method - Rolandic epilepsy, occurs on a female or male line in one generation( grandmother-granddaughter, grandfather-grandson);
  2. According to the recessive method - juvenile-myoclonic epilepsy, belongs to a fairly rare disease. Develops in the baby in the presence of a pathological gene in mom and dad. Activate the hereditary form may be alcohol abuse, severe trauma or infection.

Forms of epilepsy, characteristic of children

Rolandic epilepsy - mainly a children's subspecies of the disease, is caused by age-related increased excitability of brain cells, is characterized by a genetic predisposition, is more often observed in male children aged 4-11 years. Distinguish the following features of the disease:

  1. Possible cause is considered inadequate maturation of the cerebral cortex in the central temporal region. When the child is growing up, the excitability decreases and by the age of 15 the disease can disappear without a trace.
  2. Partial seizures are characterized with conserved consciousness.
  3. Their predecessors are aura - a feeling of tingling and tingling in the mouth, gums and tongue.
  4. Distinguish hemifacial( half face) or pharyngoortal( pharynx, larynx and lips) seizures. The latter is accompanied by increased salivation, speech disorders, grunting, gurgling due to spasm of the pharynx.
  5. Critical time - occur at night( especially in infants), when you fall asleep or wake up.

Important! A distinctive feature of Rolandic from Jackson epilepsy is the adequate mental development of the child, the preservation of personality, a benign prognosis.

Photosensitive epilepsy refers to neurological disorders in children and adolescents( 7 to 18 years of age) arising from flashes of bright light or visual images in families with hereditary predispositions. Features of the disease:

  1. The risk group is girls.
  2. Provoke an attack can work on the computer and computer games, unnaturally bright light and lighting in the disco, watching TV.
  3. The mechanism of the development of the disease is an imbalance in the number of neurotransmitters or problems with conduction of nerve impulses.
  4. The basic symptom is the presence of generalized seizures in conjunction with fainting, heavy breathing or screaming, muscle contraction and biting of the cheek or tongue, possibly, urination.
  5. The attack ends with a feeling of considerable weakness and fatigue, headaches and the patient does not remember what happened to him.

Epilepsy without loss of consciousness

Jackson epilepsy belongs to a special form of the disease, when the patient with full consciousness, there are localized attacks on one limb. Has the characteristic features:

  • cramps can take possession of only a certain limb or spread to another arm or leg from the analogous side of the body, often a pathological process involves the person;
  • there is an opportunity to stop the development of an attack if you grab hold of the arm muscles with the appearance of the first convulsion;
  • is caused by atrophy of the cerebral cortex due to a tumor, injury, infection or congenital anomaly;
  • during the attack the patient is conscious;
  • speech is not broken;
  • generalized seizure happens extremely rarely, causing loss of consciousness, and begins with the muscle of the press;
  • presence of permanent convulsions on the face called Jackson's march;
  • the attack ends in reverse order - first it "releases" the muscles affected by the latter and, often, there is a short paresis of the limb affected first.

Important! Persistent and prolonged paresis can indicate a neoplasm in the brain.

"Adult" forms of the disease

Posttraumatic epilepsy Posttraumatic epilepsy is a form of the disease with a leading epileptic syndrome and systematic seizures that occurred 18-24 months after a head injury.

Risk factors include - a gunshot wound to the head, penetrating fracture, intracranial hematomas, a coma for more than 24 hours, massive operations on the brain. The disease is characterized by generalized and local seizures, emotional-volitional and personal changes.

Epilepsy without seizures is combined with mental disorders. The patient has a contraction of consciousness lasting from individual minutes to several days, he only perceives objects and facts that are emotionally important for him. A frequent manifestation is hallucinations and delusions with a negative and gloomy color.

The combination of such manifestations provokes fury, horror and possible attacks on others, which can result in death of the patient. Mostly the patient does not remember what happened to him.

Thus, information on the different forms of epilepsy will allow for immediate consultation without suspicion and preserve the health of the patient and his loved ones.

Warning!
An Israeli clinic specialist can advise you -
write the question in the form below:
Kidney ultrasound: preparation, indications, what can be revealed

Kidney ultrasound: preparation, indications, what can be revealed

Kidney ultrasound is the most ideal method for rapid, safe and reliable examination of ki...

Read More

MRI of pelvic organs in women and men: what shows training and contraindications

MRI of pelvic organs in women and men: what shows training and contraindications

risonanza magnetica delle pelviche organi - precisa e informativo carattere procedura diagn...

Read More

Neurosonography of the brain of newborns

Neurosonography of the brain of newborns

Neurosonography is a study of the brain of children of the first year of life using ultra...

Read More