How to create a favorable microclimate in the room

A rare person will start studying the microclimate in his home, if everything is all right in his life.But when the children suddenly began to get sick often, their mother "got out", the allergy is not clear on what, and even the head of the family became involved with doctors, then you will have to think about it.There must be a reason for all these troubles.And often the reason is an unfavorable microclimate in a residential area.

Contents: What is the indoor climate? The optimal indoor microclimate How does the microclimate affect human health?

What is the microclimate of the room, from which it forms

The term "microclimate" is used to characterize meteorological conditions in a relatively small space.In our case, such a space is a dwelling( apartment, room, house) in which the child and his parents are located.Adults can and must form an optimal microclimate in a dwelling, create favorable meteorological conditions for the family's living.

Components of a microclimate in a residential area:

• air temperature;
• relative humidity of air;
• air exchange and air speed;
• concentration of light air ions in air;
• is the solids content in the air.

Factors influencing the formation of the microclimate:

• climate and weather conditions( humidity and air temperature, wind force and speed, precipitation, etc.) in the area of ​​residence;
• structural features of the residential structure, namely: the material from which the house is built, the availability of a ventilation system, the quality of door and window units, etc.;
• heating of the dwelling( off or on);
• presence in an apartment, house or room of animals, a large number of books, woolen carpets, home textiles;
• the attitude of households to frequent room ventilation and wet cleaning;
• presence of indoor plants in the dwelling;

All these factors combine to form a microclimate of the room.But it is not always comfortable and safe for a person.We notice that the rainy autumn, when the heating has not yet been switched on, the damp interior doors stop closing, and mold appears in the corners of the bathroom.But when the radiators come to life and begin to "shparit" so that you can not touch them with your hand, the parched laminate leaves the room and the doors to the room swing open.And the fault of this unstable microclimate: it's hot and dry, but it's cold and damp.And first of all, this organism reacts to this instability, and especially the child's organism.

The optimal microclimate of the room where the child is located

In order to understand what component of the microclimate has left the "green zone", you need to know the optimal values ​​for the living space numerical values ​​of some parameters.

So, the humidity in the room where the child is located should not be less than 50% and more than 60%.The air temperature at which the human body is in a state of complete tranquility can range from +18 ° C to +22 ° C.It is desirable that in the hot summer, the temperature difference in the street and in the house does not exceed 5 ° C.As for the speed of air movement in the room, it can only be assessed subjectively: it blows into the windows or not, there is a draft or not.

It is not possible to determine the content of dust and air ions in the ambient air, since devices capable of measuring these parameters are designed so far only for industrial and military use.Therefore, it is believed that repeated airing and wet cleaning, conducted twice a day, is sufficient to maintain these indicators at an acceptable level.The amount of fresh air entering the room, which should not be less than 30 cubic meters per hour, is also problematic to fix.

Important: If you are serious about , you are concerned about the microclimate of your home and decided to fix it, first of all get a room thermometer and a household hygrometer or a compact weather station for home use.

How the microclimate affects human health

Air temperature

Let's start with the air temperature.If the room is very hot, the skin and mucous membranes are the first to suffer.They dry up and, as a consequence, do not fully perform the protective functions assigned to them.The skin is peeling, cracks are formed on it, the children have diaper rash and sweating.If the child has a tendency to allergies, it often manifests itself as symptoms of dermatitis.Dermal microcracks easily penetrate pathogenic microbes, causing pustular diseases.

The secretory function of mucosal cells sharply worsens.Therefore, those who have fallen on the parched mucous allergens, microbes, dust particles are not washed out, but settle on it.Microorganisms easily penetrate into the blood and cause infectious diseases.Allergens, if the body has an increased sensitivity to them, trigger an allergic reaction.

Dry mucous membranes are a fertile soil for reproduction of fungi, for example, Candida, which cause thrush.Heat also affects the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract: they produce less mucus, which is necessary for proper digestion.In children, it can be manifested by abdominal pain( colic), stool disorders and other dyspeptic disorders.

Due to the imperfection of the thermoregulation system, if the room is hot, the child may overheat.This is often promoted by the mother herself, who improperly dresses the baby.With an increase in body temperature, sweating is intensified in the child, therefore, heat transfer increases.But since it is also not perfect, you need to be afraid of hypothermia.

In a cold room, the body is always in tension, trying to keep warm, which adversely affects the immune system.The child often begins to suffer from colds.

Air humidity

The situation is even worse when the high temperature of the air is combined with its lower humidity.The influenza virus that perishes in wet rooms, in this case, "lives and thrives", posing a threat to both children and adults.Due to excessive dryness of the surrounding air, the baby has nasal crusts in his nasal passages, making it difficult to breathe through his nose.The baby is upright, sleeps restlessly during the day, wakes up at night, and does not eat well.

High humidity in a warm room is what you need to grow and multiply fungi.Fungi are mold, and mold in the dwelling is inevitably a respiratory disease.

Air pollution

In the air of the living room, in addition to various gases, microorganisms, dust, carbide decay products from the street, mites, pet hair, pollen of plants, etc. are contained. Inhalation of such air provokes the development of allergic diseases and intoxicationsOrganism, and infectious diseases.In such a microclimate, the growing children's body is the most vulnerable target.

Air exchange and air speed

These parameters depend on how well ventilation is installed in a residential building, how often it is ventilated.In the indoor air gradually increases the concentration of carbon dioxide, and a person experiences oxygen deficiency.

The carbon monoxide content increases, which, when combined with hemoglobin, causes hypoxia.The number of aeroions decreases.All this causes a deterioration in overall well-being, rapid fatigue, insomnia or drowsiness, headaches.In the deaf rooms, the air is saturated with harmful substances, which secrete construction materials, furniture, household chemicals.All of them have a more or less detrimental effect on human health.

Airborne content of air ions

In air, air ions( gas ions) are formed by the action of cosmic radiation, lightning discharges, radiation, ultraviolet rays, while spraying water.Therefore, their high content in air is recorded in mountainous areas, forest areas, near large reservoirs.And in settlements and especially in confined areas their concentration in the air is extremely small.

Scientists and doctors do not stop discussing the useful and harmful effects of aeroions on the human body.But for a long time there are numerous practical confirmations of the beneficial effect of light negative air ions on all systems of the human body.The inhalation of ionized air normalizes metabolism, increases the resistance of the body to infections, improves working capacity.In addition, air ions clean the air, attracting suspended solids in it, prevent the formation of mold.

How to create the best indoor climate

Creating an optimal microclimate implies a permanent holding in the living quarters of a whole range of activities, namely:

• ensuring sufficient air exchange;
• maintenance of comfortable air temperature( 18-22 ° C);
• creation of optimum humidity of air( 50-60%);
• air pollution control.

Please note: should always be started with good ventilation!And only then you can clean, moisten, warm or cool the air in it.

Important: Do not forget about the good old methods and means of creating a healthy microclimate that do not require any special investment: regular airing, wet cleaning twice a day, planting the living room by planting house plants .

This video review provides a description of plants that can clean air in living areas:

Climate technology for home

Unfortunately, no universal device has yet been created that would lead to optimal values ​​for all the constituent microclimate parameters.Therefore, in order to create an optimal microclimate in the room, you will have to purchase several units.

Conditioners

In order for the air conditioner not to cause frequent colds, it must be properly installed and correctly operated.The air conditioners cool or warm up the air in the room, but at the same time dry it.The built-in cleaning filter requires regular cleaning and disinfection, since microorganisms settling inside the unit multiply and with air flow enter the living room.In expensive models of air conditioners there are additional options: humidification of air, enrichment with oxygen, fresh air.

Breezers

Breezer is a device for providing fresh ventilation in an enclosed space.He supplies the room with neutralized and oxygen-enriched street air.

Heaters

For the room where the child is, do not take the oil heater or fan heater, as they burn oxygen and dust settling on their surface.The best option is a modern electric convector.It is safe, efficient, economical, it works noiselessly.

Air humidifiers and cleaners

Steam and ultrasonic humidifiers cope with only one task: increase the humidity in the room.

Air wash is the same humidifier, but only improved.The sink cleans and moistens the air, and( with the correct selection of the device for this room), all the air in the room passes through the unit twice per hour.

Compact electric multi-function devices are climate systems .They saturate the air with moisture, clean it of house dust, harmful chemical compounds, plant pollen, animal hair, and also eliminate unpleasant odors.There are models with functions of ionization, aromatization, dehumidification of air.

Ionizers of air

These devices are suppliers of aeroins, which are so lacking in the air of urban apartments and even country houses.But before buying an ionizer, it's best to consult your doctor( s): a pediatrician, a therapist, and narrow specialists, if you are observing them.There are a number of conditions and diseases in which inhalation of ionized air is contraindicated.

Air recuperator

These are devices intended for ventilation of premises.Waste warm air from the room, leaving the street through the recuperator, gives its warmth to the fresh air coming from outside.The air temperature in the room does not decrease with such ventilation.

Important: , when purchasing any climate device, be sure to read the accompanying documents to it, check the certificate of compliance with the established standards.Clarify the manufacturer's and seller's warranty.

Observe the following rules:

• follow all recommendations for safe operation of the unit;
• if the ecological situation allows the window, hourly ventilate the room;
• if it is not possible to open the windows( smog, season of flowering plants, etc.), ventilate the dwelling with a breather;
• in the heat for air cooling use air conditioning;
• in the winter, but not in the summer time, use an air humidifier;
• if the family has allergies, an air purifier will help;

Important: not forget to pay attention to the meteorological station's indicators, control the climate you create.

Zaluzhanskaya Elena Aleksandrovna, pediatrician