Diet for sigmoid diverticulosis

Diverticulosis of the sigmoid colon is treated in a comprehensive manner. One of the most important components of therapy is diet. To properly formulate a diet, you need to have an idea of ​​the disease: its origin, symptoms.

About the disease

Diverticulosis of the sigmoid colon manifests itself as a protrusion of the walls of the intestinal tube in the sigmoid region. The end of the colon is called sigma. The protrusions are composed of submucosa and mucous tissue. They sag due to the weakened muscle component, therefore, they resemble sacs. In medical language, they are called diverticula. Formations are usually multiple.

In an acute course, the discomfort from the protrusions is quite large. Severe pain, weakness, intestinal disturbances with bleeding may be present. “Peaceful” periods often go unnoticed. It is easy to confuse them with mild malaise, a slight gastrointestinal upset. Often, the disease is discovered by chance or only after complications. A large percentage of patients with this problem are over the age of 40. Women who have given birth, people with genetic abnormalities of the intestines and a sedentary lifestyle are especially at risk.

In the second half of life, the body begins to weaken, it copes much worse with low-quality products, the lack of a diet. The aging mucosa no longer secretes the full amount of enzymes for the breakdown of food. Constant stress reduces the ability to resist viruses, the intestine is protected by a seal, constantly inflamed. As a result, undigested masses pull back the walls of the mucous membrane, get stuck on the ledges, rot and wander.

It is imperative to treat diverticulosis, otherwise the bags can burst and lead to severe bleeding. Many doctors note the inextricable link between diverticulosis and irritable bowel syndrome. Therefore, the therapy regimens are similar.

The importance of diet

The first assistant in pathology is called a diet. It is noted that in countries with a predominance of plant-based diets, diverticulosis is very rare. On this basis, experts are redrawing the diet of patients in the direction of increasing fiber.

It is fiber that helps to improve intestinal permeability, cleanse the mucous walls. At the same time, the main symptoms of diverticulosis disappear - flatulence, constipation, distention, bloating, nausea, rumbling sounds. Removal of processed products from the body reduces toxic poisoning, relieves the body of the need to fight rotting inside.

In addition, stool disorders are an integral component of the disease. Patients often refuse food in order not to "tie" themselves to the bathroom. The body suffers from a lack of trace elements, dehydrates. A sensible diet brings bowel movements back to normal without losing nutritional value.

Nutritional features for diverticulosis

Diet nutrition within the framework of therapy has a number of important principles:

• serving size and frequency of meals. All daily meals are divided into small portions. The optimal size of the contents of the plate for 1 time is a maximum of 1.5 glasses. Drinking every 3-5 hours (according to hunger). Last meal no later than 2 hours before bedtime;
• thorough chewing. The smaller the pieces, the easier the stomach and intestines will process them into useful substances without stagnation;
• drinking regimen. Moisturizing the mucous membranes is the key to their elasticity. In addition, water affects the gastric juice, washes away pieces adhering to the walls of the esophagus. The norm is 1.5-2 liters per day. Juices, teas, coffee, compotes, sweet water, milk, kefirs, yoghurts and the like are not included in this number (they belong to food and can dehydrate);
• the right fats. Another important component for the mucous membrane. Diet meat and fish work for the patient's health along with fiber. Low fat dairy products are preferred;
• refusal from gas-forming products. Beans, cabbage, fat milk, fresh garlic, onions, yeast provoke flatulence;
• prevention of constipation. It is imperative to include in the diet fruits and vegetables with a slight laxative effect - bananas, prunes, apples, vegetable oils;
• form of processing. Diverticulators need steam, boiled, stewed food. Sometimes you can diversify the table with baked dishes. Fried, smoked, salty will not bring any benefits. The number of fresh vegetables and fruits should be small;
• food temperature. Cold leads to stagnant digestion. Hot burns the mucous membranes. Optimum - warm, moist dishes;
• gradualness. It is important to switch to a new diet gradually. A sudden change will stress the intestines, and digestive upset may occur. For the first week, it is optimal to leave 1-2 meals in the usual order. Further, all meals are reduced to the desired menu. This is especially true for increasing the amount of fiber;
• exclusion of "dirty food". Fast food, alcohol, chocolates, cookies, white sugar, soda, baked goods pollute the intestines;
• balance. Every day a person should receive not only fiber from fruits and vegetables, but also meat (fish) protein, fats, carbohydrates from cereals. B-100g, Zh-70g, U-50g;
• calorie content. The daily norm is up to 2800 kcal, depending on age and occupation.

These principles allow us to normalize the digestive processes, to avoid taking heavy drugs in the future.

Diet for sigmoid diverticulosis

The most useful products for this disease are those that are quickly digested, excreted without residue and take away all intestinal deposits.

It is useful to take cereals in the diet. They, like a scrub, collect all the dirt from the mucous membranes. Prepare cereals, side dishes, soups. Instant flakes are excluded. They are of no use, since they are deprived of almost all fiber by grinding. Water is the best base. Milk and fatty broths are difficult to digest. White flour is replaced with oatmeal, rice, coarse whole grain. It is recommended to add bran to baked goods, germinate wheat, oats, buckwheat and other cereals. Pasta is used only with whole grains, in small quantities and no more than 2 times a week.

Without exacerbation, vegetables, fruits, berries can be eaten fresh. In this case, it is necessary to monitor the sensations. In case of pain, bloating, it is better to switch to heat treatment (steam, baking, stewing). This is especially true for fibrous apples, pears, beets, zucchini, carrots. Care should be taken to approach the plum, apricots, so as not to provoke excess flatulence. The peel is desirable as long as it is not uncomfortable.

Potatoes are preferably processed with minimal starch release. Best suited baked and boiled in a uniform. Mashed potatoes and stews are fine for a periodic variety, but not as a standing dish. Fried potatoes are strictly prohibited.

Flour sweets, chocolate, caramel, refined sugar are recommended to be excluded. They can be substituted with dried fruit, mild honey, marshmallow, marshmallow, and fruit jelly. Low-fat cottage cheese casseroles with berries, light oatmeal baked goods are suitable.

Doctors classify coffee and tea as dangerous for the intestines. They increase acidity, irritate the walls of the stomach and intestines. If it is not possible to refuse, they should be diluted with skim milk or soy milk, and the strength should be reduced to a minimum. Juices need to be mixed with water for the same reason. It is good to use sugar-free fruit and herbal drinks.

In general, without exacerbation, food is built according to table No. 5. It is this diet that meets the specified parameters. However, it is always worth listening to sensations, excluding even permitted products if they bring discomfort in the affected area.

The most important thing is to combine proper nutrition with hiking, swimming, active games. It is ideal to organize a spa treatment with physiotherapy at least once a year.

List of approved products

The table shows the recommended products for diverticulums. For the convenience of drawing up a diet, each position is accompanied by calorie data and BZHU.

Name	Proteins, g	Fat, g	Carbohydrates, g	Calories per 100g
Vegetables
Zucchini	0,6	0,3	4,6	24
Cauliflower	2,5	0,3	5,4	30
Cucumbers	0,8	0,1	2,8	15
Carrot	1,3	0,1	6,9	32
Eggplant	2,1	0,1	4,5	24
Beet	1,5	0,1	8,8	40
Tomatoes	0,6	6,0	4,2	20
Bulgarian sweet pepper	1,8	0	6,0	38
Pumpkin	1,3	0,3	7,7	28
Fruits
Apricots	0,9	0,1	10,	41
Watermelon	0,6	0,1	5,8	25
Avocado	2,0	20,0	7,4	208
Bananas	1,5	0,2	21,8	95
Mango	0,5	0,3	11,5	67
Melon	0,6	0,3	7,4	33
Peaches	0,9	0,1	11,3	46
Plums	0,8	0,3	9,6	42
Apples	0,4	0,4	9,8	47
Dried fruits
Fig	3,1	0,8	57,9	257
Dried apricots	5,2	0,3	51,0	215
Raisin	2,9	0,6	66	264
Prunes	2,3	0,7	57,5	231
Cereals
Buckwheat	12,6	3,3	62,1	313
Oatmeal	12,3	6,1	59,5	342
Pearl barley	9,3	1,1	73,7	320
Wheat bran	15,1	3,8	53,6	296
Millet	11,5	3,3	69,3	348
Yachka	10,4	1,3	66,3	324
Unpolished rice	7,5	2,6	62,3	303
Bread
Grain bread	10,1	5,4	49,0	289
Bran bread	7,5	1,3	45,2	227
Whole grain crisps	10,1	2,3	57,1	295
Sweets
Jam (average)	0,3	0,2	63,0	263
Jelly	2,7	0,0	17,9	79
Marshmallow white	0,8	0,0	78,5	304
Fruit and berry marmalade (average)	0,4	0,0	76,6	293
Pastila without additives	0,5	0,0	80,8	310
Cookies "Maria"	8,7	8,8	70,9	400
Oatmeal cookies	6,5	14,4	71,8	437
Honey (average)	0,8	0,0	81,5	329
Dairy products
Milk 2.5%	2,8	2,5	4,7	52
Kefir 1%	3	1,0	4,0	40
Ryazhenka 2.5%	2,9	2,5	4,2	54
Cream 20%	2,8	20,0	3,7	205
Sour cream 15%	2,6	15,0	3,0	158
Curd 5%	17,2	5,0	1,8	121
Natural yoghurt without fruit 2%	4,3	2,0	6,2	60
Meat
Beef	18,9	19,4	0,0	187
Beef liver	17,4	3,1	0,0	98
Beef tongue	13,6	12,1	0,0	163
Veal	19,7	1,2	0,0	90
Rabbit	21,0	8,0	0,0	156
Lean lean pork	19,4	7,1	0,0	160
Bird
Hen	16,0	14,0	0,0	190
Quail	18,2	17,3	0,4	230
Turkey	19,2	0,7	0,0	84
Eggs
Chicken egg	12,7	10,9	0,7	157
Quail egg	11,9	13,1	0,6	168
A fish
Cod	16,0	0,6	0,0	69
Pike	18,4	1,1	0,0	84
Zander	18,3	1,2	0,0	84
Pollock	15,9	0,9	0,0	72
Tuna	24,4	4,6	0,0	139
Carp	17,7	1,8	0,0	87
Butter
Olive oil	0,0	99,8	0,0	898
Sunflower oil	0,0	99,9	0,0	899
Juices
Apricot juice	0,9	0,1	9,0	38
Carrot juice	1,1	0,1	6,4	28
Plum Juice	0,8	0,0	9,6	39
Tomato juice	1,1	0,2	3,8	21
Pumpkin juice	0,0	0,0	9,0	38

List of prohibited foods

Group	Name
Vegetables and mushrooms	Garlic. Onion. Mushrooms. Cabbage
Fruits and berries	Strawberry. Raspberries. Kiwi. Strawberry
Cereals	Semolina. White rice. All legumes
Meat and poultry	The pork is fat. Salo. Sausages, smoked meats. Duck. goose
A fish	Mackerel. Halibut. Saira. Herring. Silver carp. Salmon
Bakery	Shortbread cookies. Baking. Cakes. Cakes
Dairy products	Fatty milk. Fermented milk products of high fat content. Butter. Fatty sour cream. Fatty cottage cheese

On a note! Pickles, marinades, hot spices, canned food are also prohibited. Chocolate and cocoa can be consumed in minimal amounts occasionally.

Diverticulosis menu

With certain skills, it is not difficult for a diverticulum to make a menu. In the free access there are examples of table number 5 from sanatoriums, hospitals. Dishes and products can be easily adjusted to the taste of a particular patient by looking at such a cheat sheet.

On any day of the week, you can take a full diet or one meal from the proposed:

Eating	Dish options
Breakfast	Steam omelet, cucumber salad, herbal tea; curd casserole with raisins (banana or apples), tea with lemon; buckwheat pancakes, rosehip broth; boiled egg, tomatoes, tea; oatmeal, fruit salad with yogurt, juice; buckwheat porridge (any unsweetened cereal), cheese cakes, compote; baked fruit puree, maria cookies or whole grain pie, mint tea; carrot pancakes with sour cream, drink; cottage cheese with berries, juice; bran pancakes with banana puree and honey, tea
Second breakfast (snack)	Yogurt with fruit; biscuit biscuits, apple or banana; cottage cheese with dried fruits; a couple of bananas; grated carrot and apple salad; fruit jelly, cookies; kefir with pie, bran or cookies; berry mousse; baked apples with cottage cheese or yogurt
Dinner	Vegetable soup, boiled chicken, dried fruit compote; okroshka with kefir, fish cakes, tea; broccoli puree soup, stewed or baked fish, rosehip broth; pumpkin soup, beef stew with carrots, compote; baked rabbit with vegetables, tea; turkey soup, beet salad, boiled buckwheat, tea; steam cutlet, baked zucchini with egg, compote; potato soup with fish, vegetable salad, drink; cabbage rolls, buckwheat or oatmeal soup, tea; tomato soup, meatballs with rice, compote; chicken noodle soup, buckwheat with cucumber, tea
Dinner	Buckwheat with stewed vegetables; steam cutlets with barley porridge; vegetable salad with a slice of fish, meat or chicken; stewed zucchini, cottage cheese with fruit; brown rice with a warm salad of baked tomatoes, eggplant and zucchini; steam omelet, pumpkin with honey and raisins; vegetable pilaf, baked apples with cottage cheese; pasta with vegetables and chicken; potato casserole with fish, vegetable salad; lazy dumplings with sour cream; stewed beef with prunes, baked potatoes (sometimes mashed potatoes); baked potatoes in foil with vegetables

On a note! Immediately before going to bed, it is useful to drink a glass of kefir, fermented baked milk or other fermented milk product at room temperature.

Video - Super food for the colon

Nutrition during exacerbation of diverticulosis

With an acute course or exacerbation, the diet is changed. Moderate pain allows for easily digestible food. In such cases, the table is set according to pattern # 4 (chronic colitis). Severe pain syndrome, bleeding may require complete rest of the gastrointestinal tract with hunger and intravenous recharge.

Exacerbations oblige to exclude raw vegetables and fruits, go only to baked options in a pureed form. The peel should be peeled off to make it easier for the intestines. Berries only in the form of jelly, dried fruits - from compotes.

Soups are preferred in the form of mashed potatoes, dairy. Porridges boil well, make them semi-liquid.

Fish, poultry, meat are cooked by boiling or steaming in the form of cutlets and soufflés. Hard-boiled eggs are replaced with soft-boiled eggs. The omelets are left.

From sweets with exacerbation, small portions of honey, marshmallow and marshmallow are allowed without additives and chocolate.

It is good to drink bran or oatmeal jelly, rosehip broth, chamomile or mint tea.

Healthy recipes

With intestinal diverticulosis, not only diet therapy is common, but also treatment with products according to folk recipes:

• herbal tea. Equal parts of dried nettle, chamomile, rose hips, dill seeds are mixed in a jar. 1 tbsp. pour 200 ml of hot water (not boiling water) in a thermos. Insist on the night. They drink 50 ml during the day. Course 1 month;
• decoction of elm bark. Every day for a month, take 0.5 cups of broth. For cooking 1 tsp. crushed bark is boiled in a glass of water for 20 minutes, filtered and cooled;
• aloe juice (no alcohol). Dissolve 20 ml of aloe juice in a glass of water, drink for 3 months 1 time per day. Alcohol-free juice (concentrate) can be found in foreign brands. A regular pharmacy will not work;
• linseed or sea buckthorn oil. Relieve constipation, relieve inflammation. 1 tbsp. before going to bed and the first meal every day for 1-3 months;
  
  

  Flaxseed or sea buckthorn oil relieves constipation

• fiber blend. Every day before breakfast, 1-2 tablespoons. in pure form or with kefir. You can buy ready-made or make yourself. 2 parts of apples are grated with peel. 1 part of wheat is germinated. 1 part wheat is ground. The mixture can be dried for long storage;
• Mint tea. Relieves pain, stimulates digestion, relieves irritation of the mucous membrane. 1 tbsp mint pour a glass of boiling water, leave for 15 minutes. Drink after meals. Chamomile is prepared in the same way.

These funds are auxiliary and cannot form the basis of treatment. It is recommended to pre-agree the application with the observing doctor.

The prognosis for the use of diet as a treatment

The successful outcome of diet therapy depends on the stage of development of the pathology. With asymptomatic detection or the first attack, a positive effect occurs in 70% of patients. After 2-3 exacerbations in 6% of cases, a stable improvement is provided by a complex of proper nutrition and medicines.

Continuous use of the diet can prevent complications in most patients. This tactic avoids surgical interventions in 20-30% of cases. In case of bleeding, the right food perfectly complements drug therapy, allows you to replenish strength without harming the intestines.

Video - Intestinal diverticulosis

Nutrition as prevention

Diet can also act as a preventive measure for sigmoid diverticulosis. The predominance of fiber in the diet (up to 75%) significantly reduces the risk of pathology. 1.5-3 liters of liquid a day moisturize the intestines, soften food and feces, prevent constipation, deformation of the mucous membrane. Regular consumption of bran in food clears out intestinal congestion.

Diet for diverticulosis is made up without much difficulty. It includes hearty, healthy dishes from vegetables, cereals, fruits, dietary meats, fish and dairy derivatives. Such food is not expensive, it is quite suitable for a patient with a small level of income.