Vomiting pills: list of drugs

Every person has at least once encountered the sensation of a lump rolling up to the throat. Nausea is experienced on a merry-go-round, boat, or plane. Pregnant women suffer gagging. Even overeating sometimes causes vomiting. Is this good or bad? Do you need vomiting?

The nature of the human body has taken care of self-cleaning through vomiting. It is the act of erupting the contents of the stomach and esophagus, resulting from contractions of the diaphragm. It is accompanied by rapid breathing, palpitations, increased saliva production, pallor of the skin. Vomiting is preceded by a complex of unpleasant sensations - nausea. These are defensive reflexes. The human body reacts, thus, to unpleasant odors, stress, getting rid of excess food, mobilizes strength. Harmful substances and poisons are removed from the internal organs, stopping the toxic effect.

The protective factor works in case of poisoning, intoxication, kidney, liver and other conditions. It is regulated by the nervous system. In some situations, it needs stimulation with medications.

Activating the gag reflex with medication

A number of drugs are able to activate the gag reflex. According to the mechanism of action, medicines are divided into two large groups:

• affecting the central nervous system;
• drugs with a reflex-irritating effect.

Medicines affecting the central nervous system

Mechanism of action: activates the vomiting centers of the brain. They are used in the complex therapy of severe poisoning, alcohol dependence, severe pain syndrome.

Emetic: apomorphine hydrochloride. It is used when it is impossible to wash the stomach in case of severe poisoning, the ingress of poison into the body. Forms a persistent aversion to alcohol. Not used in pediatric and geriatric practice. Contraindicated in patients with cardiovascular diseases, peptic ulcer disease, active tuberculosis, burns of the esophagus. Available in capsules and solution.

Opiates:

• Natural: morphine, codeine;
• Synthetic: tramadol, fentanyl, promedol.

Pronounced analgesic effect. They relieve severe pain in case of serious illnesses, injuries, in the postoperative period. Addictive. Refers to narcotic drugs. Appointed according to strict indications.

Medications with a reflex-irritating effect

Irritating to the vagus nerve in the area of ​​the gastrointestinal tract. Reflexively induce vomiting as a side effect of the main treatment.

Ethyl alcohol antagonists:

• Disulfiram;
• Esperal;
• Teturam;
• Antabuse;
• Lidevin;
• Colme;
• Radother.

They block biochemical processes that neutralize alcohol, causing intoxication of the body with the decay products of ethyl alcohol. A tough but effective method of treating alcoholism. Pain in the heart, a feeling of heat, hypotension, facial flushing, nausea and vomiting force the patient to refrain from drinking alcohol.

Disulfiram tablets are used for oral administration and subcutaneous implantation. Colme drops are convenient when it is impossible to swallow other forms of medicine.

Antiparkinsonian: levodopa. Increases the level of dopamine in organs and tissues, blocks brain impulses, reducing tremors of the head and upper limbs in Parkinson's disease. Does not have a selective effect. Excess dopamine in the periphery irritates the stomach, causing nausea. To suppress this property, combinations with other substances are used, for example, Madopar (Levodopa plus Benserazide).

Expectorants:

• Derivatives of ipecac and thermopsis.
• Likorin.

Used for dry, paroxysmal cough. Soften cough, liquefy, remove phlegm. If necessary induce vomiting use high doses of the drug.

Antineoplastic: a large group of drugs used in the treatment of malignant neoplasms. Toxic. High frequency of attacks of nausea and vomiting during treatment.

Cardiac glycosides:

• Korglikon;
• Strofantin;
• Digoxin.

Improves nutrition and contractile function of the heart. They are able to accumulate in the body, causing digitalis intoxication. Patients taking cardiac glycosides for a long time may feel sick and vomit. Changes appear on the electrocardiogram, vision is impaired.

Antidepressants:

• Fluoxetine;
• Paroxetine.

They interfere with the seizure of serotonin in the neurons of the brain, increasing its amount. Serotonin improves mood, reduces anxiety, and eliminates the feeling of fear. Accumulating in the body, they act for a long time after stopping the intake. They are prescribed for depression and other mental disorders, accompanied by mood swings, anxiety, obsessive states. Appetite suppressants are used for bulimia. Nausea and vomiting are common side effects in patients.

Indications for the appointment of emetics

1. The patient ate poor quality food.
2. Accidentally or deliberately poisoned with medicines, household chemicals, mushrooms, herbal poisons, alcohol substitutes.
3. Overeating, accompanied by congestion of gastric contents, a feeling of heaviness in the epigastric region, nausea.
4. Alcohol addiction treatment.

First aid for poisoning

Try to vomit gastric contents on your own using a solution of potassium permanganate, soda, or just a large volume of water. Drink two liters of water, then press on the root of the tongue with your fingers, the handle of a spoon, or other means at hand. You can add a few grains of potassium permanganate or a small amount of soda to the water. If there is no result, take pills that induce vomiting.

Self-help for overeating

To get rid of excess food eaten, simple techniques will help:

1. Drink plenty of water.
2. Imagine something unpleasant, disgusting: objects, waste products, insects.
3. Affect the vestibular apparatus: swing on a swing, spin on a carousel, move quickly in a circle, shaking your head.

Is vomiting dangerous?

If vomited once, it is not dangerous. Constant nausea, frequent repeated vomiting over several days is not the norm. You should think about the presence of a serious illness. Diseases of the brain, inner ear, organs of the gastrointestinal tract, kidneys can cause vomiting.

Dehydration is the worst complication. The human body loses water and electrolytes. Lack of potassium, sodium, chloride is fraught with serious consequences leading to death in severe cases. Medical professionals will help you understand and eliminate the cause of the digestive disorder.

Vomiting instead of diet

Many women, in pursuit of a model appearance, tend to lose those extra pounds. Losing weight correctly takes effort and time. Instead of working on themselves, some people prefer to activate the vomiting center to get rid of the high-calorie foods eaten. Women independently irritate the vestibular region, stimulate the reflex by pressure on the root of the tongue, or take a drug.

This method is effective, but not safe! Food is removed from the stomach, calories do not enter the body, a person loses weight. When this method is abused, vomiting after eating becomes the norm. The human body does not get enough nutrients. There is not enough building material for organs and tissues. Along with depletion, vitamin deficiency develops, immunity decreases, metabolic processes are disrupted. Gradually, food becomes an irritant to the nerve fibers of the esophagus and stomach. Every meal ends with vomiting. Anorexia develops.

Losing weight girls, as a rule, do not think about the formidable consequences of this disease. All organs and tissues are malnourished. The most vulnerable is the heart muscle. Myocardial dystrophy develops. The endocrine glands are affected, the menstrual cycle is disrupted. Appearance is undergoing changes. The skin becomes dry and flabby, the hair becomes brittle, the nails flake and break. The condition of the tooth enamel is deteriorating. A person cannot cope without medical help.

Despite the naturalness of vomiting, this reflex should be invoked only when necessary. Abuse leads to disastrous results.